Art History Midterm
Which of the following architects wrote influential treatises on painting and architecture?
Alberti
Which of the following is NOT considered a symbol of Florence
Allegory of Good Government
The International Gothic Style illustrated rich color, intricate patterns, and weightless figures. Which of the following works depicts this style?
Annunciation
Reflecting a growing and vibrant economy, the first stock exchange in Europe opened in which town?
Antwerp
Who designed the Tempietto?
Bramante
Who received the original commission to design new St. Peter's in Rome from Pope Julius II?
Bramante
Which city derived its wealth from banking and the wool trade?
Bruges
The development of Linear Perspective is generally credited to ____________?
Brunelleschi
The first known northern European self-portrait by a woman is by which of the following?
Caterine Ven Hemessen
Which of the following was Philip the Bold of Burgundy's most significant commission?
Chartreuse de Champmol
The word Renaissance means 'rebirth'. Which of the following was a revived interest during this time?
Classical Culture
Which artist was most closely aligned with the teachings and ideals of Martin Luther?
Cranach
The ______ by _______ also reintroduced the Classical principle of contrapposto, or weight shift, into Western art.
David/Donatello
Who re-introduced the fully nude figure back into Renaissance sculpture
Donatello
The Classical principle of contrapposto, or weight shift, was reintroduced into Western art through which sculpture?
Donatello's David
Which artist specialized in highly detailed woodcut prints?
Durer
Which northern European master of the 1600's best compares to the works and achievements of Leonardo?
Durer
Which of the following artists traveled extensively to Italy and brought back classical influences to northern Europe?
Durer
Who created Knight, Death, and the Devil?
Durer
The Hundred Years War involved primarily which two kingdoms?
England and France
Many works of art were created at this time to reflect suffering and offer salvation to the afflicted. Grunewald's Isenheim Altarpiece is an example of this. It was created in response to a disease called ______________?
Ergotism
Humanism is a philosophy that supported the power and rule of the Church. (true or false)
False
The Sistine Chapel ceiling frescoes were Michelangelo's last commission for the Papal court (true or false)
False
The economy of Italy during this period was fundamentally centered on agriculture and most resembled that of the medieval period (true or false)
False
In the 15th century, the Dukes of Burgundy wielded power over which of the following counties?
Flanders
Which Italian city played the most important role in the development of Renaissance ideas and art forms in the early fifteenth century?
Florence
Which two entities divided the Burgundian territories after the death of Charles the Bold?
France and the Holy Roman Empire
Which of the following artists was the winner of the famous competition for the bronze doors of the Florence Baptistery?
Ghiberti
This artist projected on a flat surface the illusion of space. He also projected the illusion of solid bodies moving though that space. Which of the following artists does the preceding description fit?
Giotto di Bondone
The destruction of images in German cities that occurred in the 1520s is known as the _____________.
Great Iconoclasm
Which of the following artists specialized in images of the Madonna and Child?
Hans Memling
Which of the following artists specialized in portraiture?
Holbein
Which artist served as the dean of the painters' guild of Ghent and worked for Tommaso Portinari?
Hugo van der Goes
Derived from the classical past, a new code arose during this time which governed all aspects of life. This was known as ________ ?
Humanism
What caused a revival of portraiture in the fifteenth century?
Humanism's emphasis on individual achievement and recognition
Which of the following artists created one of the earliest portraits where the sitter engages the viewer?
Jan van Eyck
Who was the noble patron who commissioned Les Très Riches Heures?
Jean, Duc de Berry
In Hunters in the Snow, the artist has captured the atmosphere of a cold winter's day. It is reminiscent of earlier renditions of the seasons. Which of the following also described the seasons and might have been influential in the conception of this work?
Limbourg Brother's Les Tres Riches Heures du Duc de Berry
The politics of the Italian city-states were turbulent and violent. Governments were overthrown and reinstated. The Sienese government commissioned a series of frescoes offering a new view, the need for a fair and just administration. The artist of note for creating this series is which of the following?
Lorenzetti
Who was the most important art patron in Mantua in northern Italy?
Ludovico Gonzaga
Which of the following made up the territory known as the Netherlands in the 16th century?
Luxembourg, Holland and Belgium
Leonardo painted the Virgin of the Rocks, and it is said this work is a masterpiece in expressing emotional states. He modeled the figures with light and shadow-- a technique he learned from earlier works. Which 15th century Italian artist would have influenced Leonardo?
Masaccio
Which of the following was the most prominent patron of fifteenth-century Florentine art?
Medici family
The term terribilita is most often used to refer to _________________?
Michelangelo
Which of Brunelleschi's buildings comes the closest to the centralized plan so loved by Renaissance architects?
Pazzi Chapel
Who was Raphael's teacher?
Perugino
Increasingly in portraiture, artists of the High Renaissance paid particular attention to the subject's personality and psychic state. This could also be said to describe the portraiture of which of the following artists?
Raphael
Which artist specialized in group depictions of the Holy Family?
Raphael
Which of the following individuals denounced humanist philosophy?
Savonarola
In the calendar pages of Les Tres Riches Heures du Duc de Berry scenes of courtly life alternate with ________________.
Seasonal Tasks
The Dukes of Burgundy commissioned art to reinforce their status as rulers in their dynasty. Which of the following best supports this?
The Dukes wanted to reinforce the view of power and sophistication
Enhancing its meaning, the Portinari Altarpiece contains small scenes, such as __________, in the background.
The arrival of the Magi
His remarkable sense of color and his ability to convey light through color emerge in the altarpiece, Assumption of the Virgin. Who was this artist?
Titian
Giotto is the first artist to create the illusion of the third dimension by creating solid figures that inhabit horizontal planes (True or False)
True
Italy at this time was not a single nation but was made up of powerful, independent city states (true or false)
True
Michelangelo's Last Judgment on the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel represents a departure from the style and them of the ceiling frescoes and anticipates the Mannerist style of painting popular later in the century (true or false)
True
One of the major patrons in the 16th C were the Popes in Rome (true or false)
True
The International Style is defined by colorful ornamentation, flat figures and themes that glorify the aristocracy (true or false)
True
Titian's Venus of Urbino is likely a work of private pornography (true or false)
True
Which of the following is a manifestation of the commitment to private prayer?
a Book of Hours
In Leonardo's Last Supper, the curved pediment above the head of Christ represents which of the following?
a halo
In 1401 an important competition was held to determine the design of the Baptistery doors for the Cathedral of Florence. Even at this early date Renaissance traits were evident. Which of the following is one of those traits?
a new pictorial illusionism
Which of the following was one of the favorite compositional devices of painters of the High Renaissance?
a pyramid
Artists began to sell their work during this time. How did they do so?
by commission, usually from a wealthy patron
Also, in Leonardo's Last Supper, how did he break with pictorial convention for this theme?
by placing the Judas figure on the same side of the table as everyone else
Sluter's sculptural works can be characterized as ______________________.
elegant, using sweeping and curvilinear lines
The frontality, stiff poses, and lack of modeling as seen in Berlinghieri's Saint Francis Altarpiece can be said to be which of the following?
fundamentally medieval
Why is Saint Anthony prominently featured in the Isenheim Altarpiece?
his association with diseases and miraculous cures
Which of the following characterizes Grünewald's Isenheim Altarpiece?
it is an exacting rendering of anguish and pain
In Masaccio's Expulsion of Adam and Eve from Eden Adam's feet clearly come into contact with the ground. Which of the following is the interpretation for this
it marks the first human presence on the earth
Hugo van der Goes's Portinari Altarpiece is characterized by which of the following?
its rich colors and a somber mood
In Grünewald's Isenheim Altarpiece, the artist has used specific references, saints and symbols to depict pain, suffering, and salvation and redemption. Which of the following symbols can be interpreted to mean the Son of God?
lamb
Which of the following is NOT a technique developed during the Renaissance to create the illusion of depth
modeling
What major invention occured in northern Europe around this time which helped to popularize the work of many artists, such as Albrecht Durer?
movable type
In his print of the Fall of Man, Dürer demonstrated his knowledge of classical art in the use of ____________.
nude figures for Adam and Eve
which art form grew in popularity partially because of its ability to memorialize the sitter?
portraiture
Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of Ghirlandaio's style?
religious themes
Which of the following describes the style of Fra Angelico?
simple and direct
What anamorphic symbol appears in Holbein's French Ambassadors?
skull
What was Erasmo da Narni's nickname
the 'honeyed-cat' (gattamelata)
The most devastating natural disaster in Europe during the late 1300s was which of the following?
the Black Death
Which of the following episode from Christ's life was NOT included in Jan van Eyck's Ghent Altarpiece?
the Deposition (entombment)
Which of the following is considered Piero della Francesca's most important work?
the Flagellation
What new element did Duccio bring to the Maestà?
the appearance of solid mass through the modeling of the figures
In Masaccio's Trinity, he embodies two principal Renaissance interests. One is realism based on observation. Which of the following is the other?
the application of mathematics to the pictorial organization of perspective
In Masaccio's Trinity, the vanishing point can be found at ___________________?
the feet of the crucified Christ
Giotto's Enthroned Madonna reflected the new trend toward naturalism and classical modeling of the figures. Which of the following describes this new trend?
the figure of the Virgin is solid looking and has mass
Jan van Eyck's Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride contains many symbols. Which of the following is an allusion to God?
the mirror
Ghiberti's competitive panel for the Baptistery doors of the Florence Cathedral shows classical references that reflect the influences of humanism. Which of the following is a classical reference seen on Ghiberti's panel?
the naked figure of Isaac
In Perugino's Christ Delivering the Keys of the Kingdom to St. Peter, the artist has reminded the viewer of the link between Constantine, St. Peter, and the basilica of St. Peter. Which of the following is the vehicle used as that reminder?
the triumphal arches in the background
How did Masaccio create a sense of bulk for his figures in the Tribute Money?
through modeling with a specific light source from outside the picture
