Art History: The Renaissance
b. with subtly calculated distortions
Donatello was commissioned to create five statues for the bell tower (Campanile) of Florence Cathedral. How did he design these figures in relation to the height factor?
a. secular portraits
Emerging capitalism led to urban prosperity. This prosperity led to a growing interest in which of the following art types
c. It was an attempt to glorify Francis I
Francis I by Jean Clouet presents a worldly prince in an elaborate costume of silk and brocade and wearing a gold chain with the medallion of the Order of St. Michael. Which of the following suggests the purpose of this portrait?
d. the naked figure of Isaac
Ghiberti's competitive panel for the Baptistery doors of the Florence Cathedral shows classical references that reflect influences of humanism. Which of the following is a classical reference seen on Ghiberti's panel?
a. Flemish and Italian
Hans Holbein, a master portraitist, combines realism with monumental composition and sculpturesque form. Which of the following traditions does this describe?
c. Titian
His remarkable sense of color and his ability to convey light through color emerge in the altarpiece, Assumption of the Virgin. Who was this artist?
a. through modeling with a specific light source outside the picture
How did Masaccio create a sense of bulk for his figures in the Tribute Money?
b. a new pictorial illusionism
In 1401 an important competition was held to determine the design of the Baptistery doors for the Cathedral of Florence. Even at this early date Renaissance traits were evident. Which of the following is one of those traits?
d. the mirror
In Jan van Eyck's Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride contains many symbols. Which of the following is an allusion to God?
c. at the foot of the Cross
In Masaccio's Trinity, the vanishing point can be found at which of the following?
a. the triumphal arches in the background
In Perugino's Christ Delivering the Keys of the Kingdom to St. Peter, the artist has reminded the viewer of the link between Constantine, St. Peter, and the basilica of St. Peter. Which of the following is the vehicle used as that reminder?
c. religious references
In Pieter Aertsen's Meat Still-Life, the artist has created what appears to be a descriptive genre scene, a butcher's shop displaying its products, as well as fish and pretzels. This work also has embedded within it which of the following?
b. Flanders
In the 15th century, the Dukes of Burgundy wielded power over which of the following counties
b. the knight as a soldier of God
Knight, Death, and the Devil is a metaphor for which of the following?
c. Masaccio
Leonardo painted the Virgin of the Rocks, and it is said this work is a masterpiece in expressing emotional states. He modeled the figures with light and shadow-- a technique he learned from earlier works. Which 15th century Italian artist would have influenced Leonardo?
b. The cartoon is ordered with pictorial logic and visual unity.
Leonardo's style fully emerges in the cartoon, Virgin and Child with Saint Anne and the Infant Saint John. Which of the following describes this work?
c. Julius II
Of the following, who was one of the most important Roman patrons of Michelangelo?
d. Palladio
Sansovino was succeeded as chief architect of the Venetian republic by ____.
b. having little physical movement or weight shift
Sluter's sculptural works can be characterized as ____.
c. the Counter-Reformation
Spain in the sixteenth century supported which of the following?
a. He created large carved wooden altarpieces.
Stoss Veit reveals the power of the Late Gothic style. Which of the following supports this statement
a. England and France
The Hundred Years War involved primarily which two kingdoms
a. the Arrival of the Magi
The Portinari Altarpiece contains medieval pictorial devices, small scenes that stress the meaning and significance of the depicted event. Which of the following is one such medieval pictorial device
c. iconoclasm
The Protestant concern about the role of religious imagery was in many cases outright hostile. Martin Luther spoke about destroying images. This destruction of religious imagery also occurred during the Byzantine period. Which of the following defines this act?
c. Rome
The major center for artistic development in the High Renaissance was ____.
c. Levina Teerlinc
The miniature portrait of Elizabeth I, shows an elegant, formally attired young Elizabeth presented as a princess. Who is the artist who created this memorable portrait?
b. mannerism
The personal tastes of the court of Francis I ran to the elegant, erotic, and unorthodox. Which of the following styles would most appeal to this king and his court?
c. realism in characterization, movement, and surface detail
The style of Ghiberti can be characterized as a rhythmic, unified system for depicting space. He is further credited with which of the following?
b. Michelangelo
The term terribilita is most often used to refer to ____?
a. Classical art
Titian's Meeting of Bacchus and Ariadne was most likely inspired by ____.
c. skull
What anamorphic symbol appears in Holbein's French Ambassadors?
a. everlasting Life
What does the fountain created by Claus Sluter for the cloister of Chartreuse de Champmol symbolize
c. Idyllic place of rural, rustic peace and simplicity
What is an Arcadian reverie?
b. Florence
Which Italian city played the most important role in the development of Renaissance ideas and art forms in the early fifteenth century?
c. Pieter Bruegel
Which artist that did a series of six paintings showing seasonal changes?
d. Jan van Eyck
Which of the following artists secularized portraiture
c. perspectival systems
Which of the following developed in 15th century Italy but fully matured in 16th century Italy?
c. Antwerp
Which of the following is one of the most important cities of the sixteenth-century Low Countries?
d. Luxembourg, Holland, and Belgium
Which of the following made up the territory known as the Netherlands in the 16th century?
d. The bulging muscles and swollen veins of the figure
Which of the following sculptural conventions did Michelangelo use for the figure of Moses in order to create an expression of "awful wrath"?
a. his association with diseases and miraculous cures
Why is Saint Anthony prominently featured in the Isenheim Altarpiece?
d. The placement of figure near the west door of the Palazzo della Signoria
How did Michelangelo's David become a political statement?
d. He depicted animals from a variety of angles and foreshortened their forms convincingly.
How does Gentile da Fabriano reconcile the Adoration of the Magi with the current trends in Florentine Renaissance art?
b. With stern watchfulness before the battle
How has Michelangelo portrayed David?
d. its rich colors and a somber mood
Hugo van der Goes's Portinari Altarpiece is characterized by which of the following
a. Lucas Cranach the Elder
In Allegory of Law and Grace, the artist has depicted the differences between the Roman Catholic Church and the followers of Martin Luther. The artist who created this woodcut was dubbed with the title, "painter of the Reformation." Who is the artist?
a. Bosch
In Bruegel's Netherlandish Proverbs, the artist has depicted the Netherlandish obsession with proverbs. The scene is busy with a topsy-turvy multiplicity of figures and activities. It is reminiscent of which of the following artists?
b. Leonardo
In Dürer's The Great Piece of Turf, he has created a precise and scientifically accurate rendering of a small botanical landscape. Which of the following artists also heeded this notion of "observation yielded truth"?
c. Late Byzantine and Venetian 16th Century
In El Greco's Burial of Count Orgaz, the artist has successfully merged his early and late styles. He combined elongated figures and rich color in this one work. Which of the following describes his early and late styles?
c. Alberti
In Ghiberti's Isaac and his Sons from the east doors of the Baptistery, he arranged the figures in front of grandiose architecture. Which of the following architects stated, "the grandeur of the architecture reflects the dignity of the events shown in the foreground"?
d. Limbourg Brothers' Les Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry
In Hunters in the Snow, the artist has captured the atmosphere of a cold winter's day. The landscape is snow-covered and stark with the returning hunters wearily trudging home. It is reminiscent of earlier renditions of seasons. Which of the following also described the seasons and might have been influential in the conception of this work?
a. Verrocchio
In Knight, Death, and the Devil, the mounted Christian knight displays a monumental strength and character reminiscent of which of the following Italian artists?
a. By the placement of Judas on the same side as Christ and the other Disciples
In Leonardo's Last Supper, how did the artist break with traditional iconography?
a. Each figure was individualized.
In Leonardo's Last Supper, the numerous preparatory sketches and studies he made for the work indicate how carefully he thought about this work as a complete entity representing the entire story and its theme. Based on this which of the following would describe Leonardo's conceptualization of the figures from his Last Supper?
a. Saint Anthony Tormented by Demons
In Martin Schongauer's engraving he created distinctions of tonal values and textures. He distinguished between skin and cloth, feather and fur. Which of the following is the title of Martin Schongauer's engraving
b. It marks the human presence on earth.
In Masaccio's Expulsion of Adam and Eve from Eden Adam's feet clearly come into contact with the ground. Which of the following is the interpretation for this?
c. A Roman triumphal arch
In Masaccio's Trinity there is a coffered barrel-vault reminiscent of which of the following?
a. It is the application of mathematics to pictorial organization of perspective.
In Masaccio's Trinity, he embodies two principal Renaissance interests. One is realism based on observation. Which of the following is the other?
d. Paganism and Christianity
In Raphael's Stanza della Segnatura, he reconciled the philosophies and teachings of Plato and Aristotle. Which of the following have also been reconciled?
d. Gothic intricacy
In Riemenschneider's Assumption of the Virgin, the artist had successfully incorporated which of the following elements
b. Francis I
In the 16th century power was focused on the king. This monarch made a concerted effort to elevate his country's cultural profile by inviting esteemed Italian artists to his court. Who was this monarch?
a. the secular life of the Netherlands
In the Money Changer and His Wife by Quentin Massys, the artist has given us an image of a professional man transacting business. Massys has provided insight into which of the following?
c. the humanist interpretation of the event
In the scene, Creation of Adam, from the Sistine Chapel ceiling God and Adam confront each other in the primordial void. Adam is part of the earth while the Lord transcends the earth. Which of the following interpretations best describes this depiction?
a. Raphael
Increasingly artists of the High Renaissance paid particular attention to the subject's personality and psychic state. This could also be said to describe the portraiture of which of the following artists?
c. seasonal tasks
Les Tres Riches Heures du Duc de Berry like many Books of Hours contains a calendar. This section of this manuscript in particular depicts which of the following
d. It is a combination of athletic tension and psychological insight.
Michelangelo's fascination with the human body was a lifelong pursuit. In his David he presented a perfect body with an attuned mind, prepared and ready for action. Which of the following descriptions of this work would support this statement?
b. Bruges
One of the most important trading cities of fifteenth-century Netherlands was ____.
c. the Counter-Reformation
Paul III convened the Council of Trent in 1545. It was part of which of the following?
d. the pope in Avignon
Philip the Bold of Burgundy clearly understood the ramifications of the Great Schism. He recognized the dispute was not doctrinal but rather political. He eagerly entered into the fray because he was confident of his power and control. Which of the following did Philip the Bold support
a. Money-Changer and His Wife
Quinten Massys was willing to explore the various styles of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. This exploration can be seen in which of the following works?
d. Donatello
The Classical principle of contrapposto, or weight shift, was reintroduced into Western art by the sculptor ____.
a. The Dukes wanted to reinforce the view of power and sophistication
The Dukes of Burgundy commissioned art to reinforce their status as rulers in their dynasty. Which of the following best supports this
d. nonreligious still life
The Great Piece of Turf is which of the following?
b. Michelangelo
The Neo-Platonic ideals of the Medici circle were most congenial to the thinking of which of the following artists?
c. It was the history of the world.
The Nuremberg Chronicle is a tribute to the new craft of the printed illustrated book. What was the content of the Nuremberg Chronicle
a. the chronology of Christianity
The Sistine ceiling represents which of the following themes?
b. Brunelleschi
The development of linear perspective is generally credited to ____.
a. Pantheon, Rome
The dome Bramante designed for St. Peter's in Rome would have resembled which of the following?
c. The Battle of Issus
The duke of Bavaria, Wilhelm IV, engaged the invading Turks in a battle for supremacy. Which of the following works of art would be the most likely commission of Wilhelm IV?
b. To create a visual expression of his authority
The duke of Mantua commissioned the frescoes of the Camera degli Sposi from Mantegna for which of the following purposes?
b. Gentile da Fabriano
The fifteenth-century Italian artist whose work showed the most influence of the International style was ____.
c. Caterina van Hemessen
The first known northern European self-portrait by a woman is purportedly by which of the following?
c. Altar of the Lamb from the Ghent Altarpiece
The following phrase from Revelations, "pure river of water of life, clear as crystal, proceeding out of the throne of God and of the Lamb" is depicted in which of the following
b. Correggio
Which artist painted groups of soaring figures on the dome of Parma Cathedral that seemed to ascend through rings of clouds into the sky itself?
c. Pazzi Chapel
Which of Brunelleschi's buildings comes the closest to the centralized plan so loved by Renaissance architects?
a. contact with Italy
Which of the following accounted for the interest in illusionism in French manuscript illumination
d. Savonarola's brief span of power
Which of the following accounts for the decline in the role Florence played in the support of the arts at the end of the 15th century?
c. Alberti
Which of the following architects wrote influential treatises on painting and architecture?
b. Ghiberti
Which of the following artists actively collected Classical sculpture?
c. Pollaiuolo
Which of the following artists departed from the rule of frontality that dominated sculpture since the Middle Ages?
c. Hans Memling
Which of the following artists specialized in images of the Madonna
b. Hans Holbein
Which of the following artists specialized in portraiture?
a. Pieter Bruegel
Which of the following artists traveled to Italy yet chose not to incorporate classical elements into his work?
b. Signorelli
Which of the following artists was most interested in depicting the human body in violent action?
b. Ghiberti
Which of the following artists was the winner of the famous competition for the bronze doors of the Florence Baptistery?
d. It is an exacting rendering of anguish
Which of the following characterizes Grünewald's Isenheim Altarpiece?
c. The figures in varying degrees of projection and postures, move gracefully through a convincing stage space.
Which of the following describes Ghiberti's use of the Medieval narrative method in his Baptistery panel?
a. presenting several episodes in a single frame
Which of the following describes the Medieval narrative method?
c. simple and direct
Which of the following describes the style of Fra Angelico?
c. Savonarola
Which of the following individuals denounced humanist philosophy?
a. a Book of Hours
Which of the following is a manifestation of the commitment to private prayer
c. Deposition
Which of the following was NOT included in Jan van Eyck's Ghent Altarpiece
a. Chartreuse de Champmol
Which of the following was Philip the Bold of Burgundy's most significant commission
c. Chartreuse de Champmol
Which of the following was a dynastic symbol for the Dukes of Burgundy
a. God the Father
Which of the following was not included in Grünewald's Isenheim Altarpiece?
c. a pyramid
Which of the following was one of the favorite compositional devices of painters of the High Renaissance?
c. Fra Angelico
Which of the following was the Dominican painter-friar who combined elements of the new style of art with traditional religious devotional works that did not conflict with the content of the works?
a. Medici family
Which of the following was the most prominent patron of fifteenth-century Florentine art?
b. Il Gesù
Which of the following was the primary church for the Jesuits in Rome?
c. 13th century statues, West Front, Reims Cathedral
Which of the following works represented the beginning of the process of separating architectural sculpture from its architectural setting or niche?
b. Carthusian commitment to silence would preclude any sound making device.
Which of the following would support the argument that the Well of Moses created by Claus Sluter did not actually spout water
b. Tintoretto
Which painter created dynamic compositions, often by means of swirling clouds and fitful light?
a. Michelangelo
Which sculptor believed that the artist must proceed by first finding the idea-the image-locked in the stone and then release it by chipping away the stone?
b. France and the Holy Roman Empire
Which two entities divided the Burgundian territories after the death of Charles the Bold
a. Dürer
Who created Knight, Death, and the Devil?
d. Dürer
Who said "Depart not from nature according to your fancy, imagining to find aught better by yourself?"
c. Perugino
Who was Raphael's teacher?
d. Hugo van der Goes
Who was dean of the painters' guild of Ghent and worked for Tommaso Portinari
a. Isabella d'Este
Who was instrumental in transforming the Mantua court into an important center for art and learning?
d. Jean, Duke of Berry
Who was the noble patron who commissioned Les Très Riches Heures
b. lamb
In Grünewald's Isenheim Altarpiece, the artist has used specific references, saints and symbols to depict pain, suffering, and salvation and redemption. Which of the following symbols can be interpreted to mean the Son of God?
c. a halo
In Leonardo's Last Supper, the curved pediment above the head of Christ represents which of the following?
a. Germany
The Escorial is in which country?
b. Bruges
Which city derived its wealth from banking and the wool trade
b. Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain
Who commissioned the Tempietto?
