ASL 1

National Association of the Deaf

1. "established in 1880 by deaf leaders who believed in the right of the American deaf community to use sign language, to congregate on issues important to them, and to have its interests represented at the national level." 2. "Since 1969, the NAD's Youth Programs... trained deaf and hard of hearing students and young adults in the areas of citizenship, scholarship, and leadership for eventual involvement in advocacy..." 3. "The mission of the NAD is to preserve, protect, and promote the civil, human and linguistic rights of deaf and hard of hearing individuals in the United States of America. The vision of the NAD is that the language, culture, and heritage of deaf and hard of hearing Americans will be acknowledged and respected in the pursuit of life, liberty, and equality." (manualist)

Interpreters for the Deaf

1. A Deaf Interpreter is someone who provides interpretation, translation, and transliteration services in ASL and other languages used by people who are Deaf. 2. They must be fluent in two languages, one of them being a language used by the Deaf (typically ASL) and the other being the spoken language of the place they work. 3. Interpreters translate spoken language, translator translate written words, and transliterators translate pronunciation by writing a word in one language in the letters of another 4. Have to remain neutral-no opinion made out by the interpreter 5. RID- certifying place for interpreters (manualist)

Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet (1787-1851)

1. Co-founded the first Permanent institution for the education of the deaf in North America 2. Became the principal of the American school of the deaf 3. Invented sign language 4. Alice Cogswell was the girl who sparked interest in deaf people (manualist)

Kendall Demonstration Elementary School

1. Created in 1970 out of the Kendall School for the Deaf by Congress, located on the Gallaudet University campus 2. A demonstration school which teaches manual sign 3. Kendall School for the Deaf separated from what would eventually become Gallaudet University (manualist)

National Theater of the Deaf (NTD)

1. Each performance is in two languages. 2. The NTD was founded in 1967. 3. The deaf and hearing actors have touring the nation and the world for over 50 years 4. The NDC was the first company to tour south africa The NDC has been a role model in many things. One Ex. is they have made studying sign language more popular. 5. Also providing training and giving the deaf and blind jobs. They also removed the stigma from sign language.

Edward Thomas Gallaudet

1. Emerged as a spokesperson for manualism after delegates passed a resolution banning sign language 2. Commonly found himself opposing Alexander Bell 3. "Galladate wrote numerous articles as well as the biography Life of Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet 4. Gallaudet University 5. Son of Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet (manualist)

Gallaudet University

1. Established 1864 in Washington DC. Founded by Amos Kendall 2. Private university for anyone with a secondary education, taught with manual sign 3. Was originally called 'Columbia Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind'. Name was changed to Gallaudet College, and eventually Gallaudet University 4. Is open to deaf, hard of hearing, and hearing people alike (though hearing folk make up a small fraction of students) 5. Classrooms and architecture is designed to take "Deaf space" into account (manualist)

Model Secondary School for the Deaf(MSSD)

1. Established in 1969 by Congress, located on the Gallaudet University campus 2. A laboratory school for grades 9-12 which teaches with manual sign 3. They have an internship program- seniors work either on the University campus or somewhere in DC (manualist)

Roberta Cordano

1. First female, deaf president of Gallaudet University. She is the 11th president of the university. 2. In the past she's worked as a lawyer, an assistant dean at the University of Michigan and as a medical professional who helped underprivileged people 3. She's very persistent about teaching people, deaf and hearing, that there's roles in all different jobs that can be filled by deaf people (manualist)

Clarke School for Hearing and Speech

1. Founded in 1867 by Gardiner Green Hubbard and John Clarke in Northampton, Massachusetts 2. A nonprofit that teaches the oral method to people of all ages through various programs and locations 3. Has a summer camp 4. Straight up says on their website "Hearing is necessary to learning in all schools" (oralist)

American School for the Deaf

1. Founded on 15 April, 1817 by Laurent Clerc, Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet, and Dr. Mason Cogswell in Hartford, Connecticut 2. A private school for grades K-12 which teaches manual sign 3. The first school for the Deaf in the Americas; also the first K-12 school in the US to receive federal aid 4. There are currently more students enrolled in CCPS than have graduated from ASD in the 200 years since its founding (manualist)

Abbe De l'Epee

1. Founded the first social and religious association (priest) for deaf people around 1750 2. Established the first public school for the deaf in 1771 3. "Known as the "Father of the Deaf" because of the 21 schools established and all he has done for the deaf (manualist)

Abbe Sicard

1. French educator who was a pioneer in teaching the deaf.Took over the school of the deaf when De l'Epee died 2. Wrote two important books "Memoir on the Art of Teaching Deaf-Mutes from Birth" and "Theory of signs for the Instructions of Deaf-Mutes 3. Although he long supported teaching deaf people through Sign Language, he turned to the oral method toward the end of his career-Sicard took over L'Epee school National Def-Dumb Institute of Paris in 1789 (manualist)

Alexander Graham Bell

1. He began to teach deaf students using a universal alphabet invented by his father, called "Visible Speech". So, in 1872, he opened a school in Boston to train teachers about deaf children. 2. Bell published a paper called, "Upon the Formation of a Deaf Variety of the Human Race". This paper warned the nation about how the deaf culture was growing by forming clubs, socializing, and marrying other deaf people. He noted in the paper that, "a special language for the use of such a race". 3. He helped find a deaf teacher for Helen Keller, who was deaf and blind. 4. Volta bureau, Volta Prize, Volta REview (oral deafness) (oralist)

I. King Jordan

1. He was born hearing, Jordan lost his hearing at the age of 21 in a automobile accident 2. He was also an International spokesperson for the Deaf and hard of hearing, he was an advocate for all people with disabilities. Much sought after as a public speaker. 3. The week-long protest called Deaf President Now (DPN) protested the Board of Trustees' decision to appoint a hearing person to the presidency. The board reversed their decision, naming I. King Jordan one the three running finalists for the presidential position, as result of the DPN protest. Elizabeth Zinzer was one of the 3 candidates 4. In 1988 I. King Jordan became the first deaf president (the 8th president) of Gallaudet University, the only university in the world with all programs and services specifically made for deaf or hard of hearing students. (manualist)

Heather Whitestone

1. Heather became deaf at 18 months due to a virus. She came down with a terribly high fever and that mixed with the powerful antibiotics doctors gave her, Heather lost her hearing. 2. First deaf Miss America 3. What set Heather apart from the rest of the representatives, was her S.T.A.R.S program, which stands for "Success Through Action and Realization of your dreams" 4. She served on several board committees and constantly advocated for the deaf community and even went onto write 4 books 5. She got a cochlear implant in 2002

Laurent Clerc (1785-1869)

1. Helped form the first deaf school, American school for the deaf,in Hartford Connecticut 2. The first deaf teacher in America 3. He lost all hearing and sense of smell (manualist)

Robert Davila (2nd deaf president)

1. His schooling was Ph.D at Syracuse University, 1972, M.A. Hunter College, 1963, B.A. Gallaudet University, 1953 2. He became deaf at 8 years old because of his spinal meningitis 3. Born to poor loving parents, mother sent him alone to the city to a deaf school 4. First Hispanic president (manualist)

Amos Kendall

1. Kendall donated two acres of his estates in washington DC to establish schools and homes for 12 deaf and 6 blinds students 2. In 1885 the pre college department was separated and becoming Kendall school for the Deaf 3. Congress open the institution of instruction of the deaf and dumb and the blind in 1857 (manualist)

Linda Bove

1. Linda Bove has authored several children's books. "Sesame Street Sign Language ABC ,"Sign language Fun" and "The Sesame Street Treasury," 2. Linda Bove co-founder of "Deaf West Theatre (DWT)" in 1991. 3. Linda bove Bove has been involved with the Non-Traditional Casting Project, which is a non-profit organization that helps people of different ethnicities and handicaps get into the television, performance, and film industry. 4. DWT won a Tony Honor of Excellence and the U.S. Department of Health's Secretary's Highest Recognition Award (manualist)

Chuck Baird (1947-2012)

1. One of his major accomplishments was art. Chuck Baird would sculpt and paint. He did this so he could express his love for ASL and his pride in his Deaf heritage. 2. Another one of his accomplishments was having an effect on so many deaf people's lives. His behavior reflected characteristics of a hero and he inspired deaf people to express their culture through arts. 3. Acting and storytelling. Chuck Baird liked doing these two things because he wanted to inspire more deaf people to accept that they are deaf, so he would act and tell stories. He inspired many people and it made him feel good that's why this is one of his accomplishments. 4. Chuck Baird was born with a moderate hearing loss and grew up culturally deaf. 5. Founded the De'VIA (manualist)

Maryland Schools for the Deaf Frederick:

1. Opened 1868 in Frederick, Maryland by the General Assembly 2. A public school for PreK-12th grade with vocational training, teaching manual sign to students aged 3-21 3. The presence of this campus has caused the deaf population of the area to explode; families move from all over Maryland and even out of state to have their children attend (manualist)

Marie H. Katzenbach School for the Deaf

1. Opened in 1883 by the Trenton, New Jersey Legislature 2. A public school for ages 3-21 which teaches manual sign 3. School's namesake was a member of the NJ Board of Ed for more than 40 years (manualist)

Maryland Schools for the Deaf Columbia:

1. Opened in 1973 in Columbia, Maryland by the General Assembly 2. A public school for PreK-8th grade, teaching manual sign to students aged 3-16 3. After 8th grade, students are sent to Frederick (manualist)

Maryland Relay Service

1. People with hearing or speech loss, it works for those who are deaf or hard-of-hearing. It also is used by people who cannot speak due to a speech loss. This is also used by people who must communicate with someone who's Deaf, hard of hearing, or loss of speech. Even if they themselves have normal hearing and speech. 2. Maryland Relay is free. It is a public service, so users do not have to pay any set-up charges or fees for local calls. There is no limit on the number or length of calls. Can contact at 7-1-1 and be connected to an interpreter 3. Calls are conducted using an assistive communications device such as a TTY, Deaf-Blind communicator, or other specialized equipment. A Relay Operator will facilitate the call by either typing or voicing what is said. 4. Maryland Relay Speech-to-Speech (STS) is for people who have mild to moderate speaking difficulties. This allows users to place telephone calls with the support of a specially-trained Operator who re-voices the individuals words as needed. (manualist)

Samual Heinicke

1. Samuel Heinicke was known for teaching and tutoring. He became known for Oralism because he had a deaf student in his class. Father of pure oralism 2. Samuel Heinicke opened the first deaf institution in Leipzig, Germany in 1778. He insisted that lip reading, speech, and mimicking, was the best way to learn. 3. In 1777, his reputation as a deaf educator was so well, he was asked to open the first public oral school for the deaf. This school was open in Leipzig, Germany, and it was the first school for the deaf, officially recognized by the government. 4. Used taste to teach his deaf students to learn how to speak (oralist)

Sean Berdy

1. Sean Berdy has been performing his whole life 2. Joined performing groups at his school 3. Became Mr. Deaf Teen America in 2010 4. Advocated for the deaf community 5. Travelled and raised awareness for the deaf community as Mr. Deaf Teen America 6. Works to "create bridges that close the gap... between the hearing and deaf communities" (manualist)

Evelyn Glennie

1. She had a special talent she could identify or sing a note by ear 2. Glennie can do more than most people can do, but she does it without a major sense...her hearing. For her to be able to play instruments she feels the vibrations from the floor. She occasionally plays barefoot. 3. "Although she is active in some 40 organizations for the deaf, such as a program that provides music-based therapy for hearing-impaired children, Glennie downplays her involvement, preferring to concentrate on elevating the art of percussion (oralist)

Marlee Matlin

1. She is in a lot of popular tv shows, but she is best known for playing Melody Bledsoe on Switched at Birth. She was also in Children of a lesser God, where she won a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award for Best Actress. 2. 2. She was the youngest of everyone else nominated, having only been 21 years old. 3. She has been deaf since she was 18 months old. She had severe fevers, and other illnesses, which caused her to become deaf. (manualist)

Rosa Lee Trim

1. She worked as a social worker and helped other Deaf people to find jobs 2. After this, she created a one woman variety show called "The Rosa Lee Show," where she travels offering workshops and instruction on the art of ASL music, storytelling, and rhythm 3. She founded and acted in an acting troupe named Dangerous Signs (manualist)

National Technical Institute for the Deaf

1. Started in 1968 by Congress. Located on the Rochester Institute of Technology campus 2. A technical college for college-aged students which accommodates both manual and oral methods of communication 3. RIT fought 8 other colleges to be the one to host NTID, and won because of the brand spanking new campus (manualist)

Helen Keller (1880-1968)

1. The first deaf and blind person in the United States to earn a college degree, she campaigned for many liberal causes including women's suffrage, labor rights, and socialism. 2. Keller published 2 books; The Story of My Life(1902) and Optimism(1903), which propelled her career as a writer. 3. The Miracle Worker—a film on her life won an Academy Award in 1955 4. She fought for world peace and women's rights and conducted many speeches that to help women get their rights 5. Lost her hear at 18 months due to a fever 6. Anne Sullivan was her teacher (manualist)

T. Alan Hurwitz

1. The tenth president of Gallaudet University, was the first Jew president of the University, which is the only liberal arts university in the world designed for deaf students 3. He helped to remove Alexander Graham Bell from the school dorms because of his insulting attitude towards the Deaf culture 3. He also helped settle deaf conflicts in the community that almost shut down the school in the past 4. He delivered an acceptance speech about moving the school forward and having it be a bilingual and multicultural institution (manualist)

D-Pan: Deaf Professional Arts Network

1. Was established in 2006 by Sean Forbes with the goal of making music more accessible to deaf and hearing impaired individuals 2. Creates music and music videos, voices over ASL~centric media, and translates media from ASL to written english, all consumption by the deaf community 3. Launched DPAN.TV in 2016, a network that primarily operates with ASL. It includes a news channel that translates international new to ASL, along with captions and voice overs (manualist)

Hearing Assist Dogs

1. We started training dogs in the 1970's, Elva Janke was the first person to question if we could train dogs to assist deaf people. 2. The dogs are there to physically get the attention of their owner in case of emergencies.Ex.Crying baby,doorbell,fire alarm. 3. There is a program called International hearing dog INC. that was founded in 1979. 4.Most dogs that are put in training are rescues from shelters. 5. They're free to the client (manualist)