Astronomy 263 Chp 10 Purdue

The following steps lead to convection in the atmospheres of giant planets. Place the following in order, following (a). a. Gravity pulls particles toward the center. b. Warm material rises and expands. c. Particles fall toward the center, converting gravitational energy to kinetic energy. d. Expanding materials cools. e. Thermal energy heats the material. f. Friction converts kinetic energy to thermal energy.

1. a 2. c 3. f 4. e 5. b 6. d

Imagine a giant planet, very similar to Jupiter, that was ejected from its solar system at formation. (Such objects exist and are probably numerous, although their total number is still uncertain.) This planet would almost certainly still have (choose all that apply): a. a magnetosphere b. thermal energy c. auroras d. rings

A, B, C, D

the best place to look for auroras on neptune is.. a. near either end of the rotation axis b. near the south end of the rotation axis c. near the north end of the rotation axis d. at the midlatitudes

Auroras in neptune are centered at the middle pole d. at the midlatitudes

T/F: A giant planet has a solid surface that marks an abrupt change from a gaseous atmosphere.

FALSE

T/F: Auroras on Jupiter are created in part by particles from Io.

The lo is the moon that is most volcanically active. When the volcano erupts, its particles drift into Jupiter's atmosphere. true

Consider a northward-traveling particle of gas on Jupiter. Draw a sketch of the Coriolis effect on this particle to determine whether it will seem to turn... a. in the direction of rotation. b. opposite the direction of rotation. c. north. d. south.

a. in the direction of rotation

weather on earth is driven by _____; weather on Jupiter is driven by _____. a. the sun; internal energy b. the sun; the winds c. both are driven by the sun d. both are driven by the hot core of the planet

a. the sun; internal energy

Neptune's existence was predicted because ... a. uranus did not obey Newton's laws of motion b. Uranus wobbled on its axis c. Uranus became brighter and fainter in an unusual way d. some of the solar nebula's mass was unaccounted for

a. uranus did not obey Newton's laws of motion

An occultation occurs when... a. a star passes between Earth and a planet b. a planet passes between Earth and a star c. a planet passes between Earth and the Sun d. the Sun passes between Earth and a planet

b. a planet passes between Earth and a star

The Great Red Spot on Jupiter is... a. surface feature b. a storm that has been raging for more than 300 years c. caused by the interaction between the magnetosphere and Io d. about the size of North America

b. a storm that has been raging for more than 300 years

The different colors of clouds on Jupiter result from... a. temperature b. composition c. motion of the clouds toward or away from Earth d. all of the above

b. composition

The magnetic fields of the giant planets... a. align closely with the rotation axis. b. extend far into space c. are thousands of times stronger at the cloud tops than in Earth's surface field. d. have an axis that passes through the planet's center

b. extend far into space

Metallic hydrogen is not... a. a metal that acts like hydrogen b. hydrogen that acts like a metal c. common in the core of giant planets d. a result of high temperatures and pressures

b. hydrogen that acts like a metal

Zonal winds on the giant planets are stronger than those on the terrestrial planets because a. they have more thermal energy b. the giant planets rotate faster c. the moons of giant planets provide additional pull d. the moons feed energy to the planet through the magnetosphere

b. the giant planets rotate faster

Deep in the interiors of the giant planets, water is still a liquid, even though the temperatures are tens of thousands of degrees above the boiling point of water. Water can exist in liquid form here because... a. the density inside the giant planets is so high b. the pressure inside the giant planets is so high c. the outer solar system is so cold d. space has very low pressure

b. the pressure inside the giant planets is so high

Oblateness is a property of a planet's ____; obliquity is a property of a planet's ____. a. orbit; shape b. orbit; weather c. shape; orbit d. weather; orbit

c. shape; orbit

The chemical abundances of Jupiter and Saturn are most similar to those of ... a. uranus and neptune b. the terrestrial planets c. their moons d. the Sun

d. the Sun

T/F: Water never forms clouds in outer-planet atmospheres.

false

Jupiter and Saturn have compositions similar to that of the sun and are called _____ giants. Uranus and Neptune, on the other hand, are called ____ giants.

gas; ice

Indicate the subclass of giant planets into which each of these planets falls. a. jupiter b. saturn c. uranus d. neptune

jupiter & saturn: gas giant uranus & neptune: ice giant

As depth increases, ____ and ____ increase, causing changes in the chemical equilibrium of clouds in the atmospheres in the giant planets.

temperature; pressure

Occultations directly determine a planet's a. diameter b. mass c. density d. orbital speed

the measured values of the changes in the brightness of the star and their duration give the information regarding the diameter and properties of the occulating belt. a. diameter

T/F: All the giant planets have clouds and belts

true

T/F: Storms on giant planets last much longer than do storms on Earth.

true

T/F: Uranus's extreme seasons are a result of its pole being nearly in the plane of the Solar System.

true