ATI Infection Test - Pharmacology

A nurse is caring for a client who has new prescription for acyclovir to treat a herpes simplex infection. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor for this client?

BUN Aclyclovir, an antiviral drug, can cause renal toxicity due to drug accumulation in the renal tubules. The nurse should monitor the clients urine output, BUN, and creatinine levels, and increase fluid intake to hydrate and flush the kidneys.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a gynecologic infection and a history of alcohol use disorder. The nurse should identify that which of the following drugs can cause a reaction similar to disulfiram if the client drinks alcohol while taking it?

Cefotetan and Metronidazole These reactions manifest as nausea, severe vomiting, headache, weakness, and hypotension.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for rifampin to treat tuberculosis. The nurse should expect the provider to prescribe which of the following drugs to the client to prevent possible resistance to rifampin?

Isoniazid Because It's used to treat tuberculosis and reduces the possibility of resistance to rifampin when Used in combination..

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for aztreonam to treat a respiratory tract infection. Which of the following findings in the client's medical record should the nurse recognize as requiring cautious use for this prescription and report to the provider?

Renal impairment Aztreonam, a monobactam, requires Cautious use in clients who have renal dysfunction because it's excreted in the urine. If a client has renal impairment the drug will accumulate.

A nurse in a provider's office receives a call from a client who has been taking penicillin V three times daily and reports abdominal cramping with bloody diarrhea for several days. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client?

"Bring in a stool sample for testing" Abdominal cramping and bloody diarrhea can be caused by an overgrowth of the organism clostridium difficile. the client should bring a stool sample i. to be tested for the presence of this organism.

A nurse is preparing to administer amphotericin B IV to a client who has a systemic fungal infection. Which of the following drugs should the nurse prepare to administer prior to the infusion to prevent of minimize adverse reactions?

Acetaminophen and diphenhydramine Amphotericin B IV can have SE of Fever, chills, nausea, and headache. The nurse can help prevent these effects by administering acetaminophen and diphenhydramine prior to the infusion.

A nursing is caring for a client who has streptococcal pharyngitis and an allergy to penicillin. The nurse should recognize that which of the following drugs can be safely administered to the client?

Azithromycin Azithromycin, a macrolide, is an acceptable alternative to penicillin for patients that have a bacterial infection or are allergic to penicillin. The medication is effective against many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and used for streptococcal pharyngitis.

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking warfarin and has new prescription for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole to treat for a urinary tract infection. The nurse should clarify the prescription with the provider because taking these two drugs concurrently can increase the client's risk for which of the following?

Bleeding Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, a sulfonamide combo, Can increase the effects of warfarin and increase the clients risk for bleeding. The nurse should request another prescription to treat the infection, or, if the client decides to take the drug, as the provider to prescribe a lower warfarin dose of monitor prothrombin time carefully. The client should report any signs of bleeding, such as easy or unexplained bruising.

A nurse in a provider's office receives a call from a client who is taking amoxicillin to treat a respiratory infection and reports a rash and wheezing. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client?

Call emergency services immediately Amoxicillin can cause a severe anaphylactic reaction. Client that has difficulty breathing should call emergency services + seek immediate care. The client will need to be treated with Epinephrine and an anti-histamine, such as diphenhydramine, to treat the anaphylactic reaction

When administering erythromycin to a patient who has cystic acne, a nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects?

Cardiac dysrhythmias Erythromycin a macro lie can cause ECG changes, including prolonged QT intervals, and put the client risk for potentially fatal ventricular dysrhythmias. The nurse should monitor the clients ECG and tell the client to report palpitations, fainting, or dizziness. The drug is contraindicated for clients who have a history of QT prolongation.

A nurse in a provider's office receives a call from a client who is taking tetracycline orally to treat a chlamydia infection and reports severe blood-tinged diarrhea. The nurse should suspect the client is experiencing which of the following?

Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea Severe diarrhea while taking tetracyclines can indicate clostridium difficile associated diarrhea. It often contains mucus and blood and treatment includes stopping the drug therapy and replacing fluids and electrolytes

A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin taking nitrofurantoin to treat a urinary tract infection. The nurse should tell the client to report which of the following adverse effects of the drug?

Cough NITROFURANTOIN, A urinary tract anti-septic, can cause cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, and fever. He's a first offense can indicate an acute allergic reaction and require immediate discontinuation of drug therapy.

A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin receiving acyclovir IV to treat a viral infection. The nurse should recognize that cautious use of the drug is essential if the client also has which of the following conditions?

Dehydration Since aclycovir can Cause renal toxicity in patients who are dehydrated.

A nurse is reviewing a client's prescriptions prior to administering gentamicin to the client to treat a systemic infection. The nurse should clarify the use of gentamicin with the provider if the client is taking which of the following drugs?

Ethacrynic acid Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside, and ethcrynic acid, a loop diuretic, are ototoxic drugs. The nurse should identify that concurrent use increases the client right clients risk for hearing loss.

A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin taking isoniazid to treat tuberculosis. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse effects of the drug?

Jaundice, numbness of hands, dizziness Isoniazid, an antimycobacterial drug, can cause liver toxicity, especially in clients who abuse alcohol. The nurse should monitor liver enzymes during therapy and instruct the client to report indications of liver damage, such as jaundice, abdominal pain, and fatigue. Isoniazid can cause peripheral neuropathy. The nurse should instruct the client report numbness and pain or tingling in the hands or feet. Administering vitamin B6 can help minimize the effects. Isoniazid can Cause dizziness, ataxia, and seizures. The nurse should instruct the client report the CNS effects.

A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin taking metronidazole to treat. an anaerobic intra-abdominal bacterial infection. The nurse should recognize that cautious use of the drug is indicated if the client also has which of the following conditions?

Seizure disorder METRONIDAZOLE, and ANTIPARASITIC drug, can cause ataxia, vertigo and seizures. It requires caution when used with client to have a history of seizure activity liver or renal failure or heart failure.

A nurse is administering cefotetan IV to a client to treat bacterial meningitis. The nurse notes that the IV insertion site is warm, edematous, and painful to the touch. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Stop the cefotetan infusion. The nurse should stop the infusion, remove the IV catheter, assess for tissue damage, and treat the client accordingly. The nurse should then initiate IV access via another site, continuing cefotetan therapy according to prescribe parameters.

A nurse in a provider's office receives a call from a client who is taking imipenem to treat a bacterial infection and reports an inability to eat due to mouth pain. The nurse should identify that the client might be experiencing which of the following as an adverse effect of this drug?

Superinfection Imipinim, a carbapenem, can cause the superinfection candida albicans in the mouth, throat, or vagina. It can also cause glossitis, an inflammation or infection of the tongue. Clients taking the drug should report any mouth pain or vaginal discharge and itching because they might require treatment with an anti-fungal drug.

A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin taking itraconazole to treat a fungal infection. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse effects of the drug?

Swelling of hands or feet ITRACONAZOL, and AZOLE anti-fungal drug, can cause adam, which can also indicate heart dysfunction, and should be monitored closely.

A nurse in a provider's office receives a call from a client who is taking ciprofloxacin to treat a respiratory tract infection and reports dyspepsia. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client?

Take an antacid at least 2 hr before taking the drug Antacids for dyspepsia should be administered at least two hours prior to Ciprofloxacin, a flouroquinolone, because they can interfere with the absorption.

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking ciprofloxacin to treat a urinary tract infection. The client also takes prednisolone to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Recognizing the adverse effects of ciprofloxacin, the nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse effects?

Tendon pain CIPROFLOXACIN, a fluoroquinolone, can cause tendon rupture, most often in the Achilles tendon. This is especially seen an older adults or clients taking glucocorticoids such as prednisolone.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. The nurse should expect the provider to prescribe a drug from which of the following classifications of antibiotics?

Third generation cephalosporins Later generation cephalosporins are used to treat infections that cross the blood-brain barrier, and third generation are specifically prescribed to treat bacterial meningitis.

A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin gentamicin therapy to treat an infection. The nurse should monitor the client for an alteration in which of the following?

Urine output GENTAMICIN, and aminoglycoside, can cause NEPHROTOXICITY. The nurse should monitor the clients BUN and creatinine levels and for an increased output of deleted your own. It's also essential to monitor serum gentamicin levels and maintain a therapeutic range.

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who takes an oral contraceptive and is about to begin rifampin therapy to treat tuberculosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Use a non-hormonal form of contraception Rifampin, An antimycobacterial drug, Can increase metabolism of oral contraceptives, reducing their effectiveness.

A nurse is caring for a client who sputum culture results indicate methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The nurse should recognize that which of the following medications will likely be administered to this client?

Vancomycin It's a potentially toxic antibiotic, and it is primarily used to treat serious infections in clients who are allergic to penicillin or who's infecting bacteria or resistant penicillin drugs (ex MRSA)