ATI Pharmacology Neurological System Part 1 Test

Tinnitus is common with

A: ASA therapy

A nurse is teaching a client who received a prescription for interferon beta-1a for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Which of the following information should the nurse include? Have kidney function tests done every month for a year Take an extra dose if muscle aches occur Store drug at room temperature after mixing it Administer drug in thigh or upper arm

A: Administer the drug in your thigh or upper arm Administered subcutaneous. Should be stored in refrigerator after reconstitution Flu-like symptoms can occur while taking Liver function test prior to starting. Then at 1 month, 3-month, and 6-month intervals

Memantine is used to treat

A: Alzheimer's disease

A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for baclofen. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Avoid driving until the drug's effect are evident Stop taking drug immediately if headache occurs Take the drug as needed for spasticity Take the drug with antiacids to reduce gastric effects

A: Avoid driving until the drug's effects are evident. Centrally acting muscle relaxant. Causes CNS depression. Abrupt withdrawal can cause seizures, fever, and hypotension. Should titrate up with starting and titrate down when discontinuing. Can take with food to minimize GI upset. Take antacids 1 hr before or 2 hrs after.

A nurse is teaching a client who has Alzheimer's disease and their caregiver about memantine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Increase fluid intake to improve renal excretion Report memory loss or confusion Watch for sign of liver impairment, such as jaundice and abdominal pain Avoid taking OTC antacids

A: Avoid taking OTC antacids

A nurse is teaching the family of a client who has a new diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease about donepezil. Which of the following information should the nurse include? Monitor for constipation Dosage will be increased weekly to provide optimum therapeutic effect Administering the drug first thing in the morning promotes effectiveness Avoid the use of NSDAIDS for pain

A: Avoid the use of NSAIDs for pain can cause GI bleeding

A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for carbamazepine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include to help the client avoid adverse effects of this drug? Begin taking drug at low dosage Discontinue drug immediately if diarrhea occurs Have serum glucose level check regularly Take drug on empty stomach

A: Begin taking the drug at a low dosage S/E can include visual disturbances, vertigo and ataxia. Can cause diarrhea, but do not discontinue abruptly (could trigger seizures/status epilepticus). Can also alter liver function. Taking with meals can prevent GI upset and enhance absorption

Some adverse effects of amphetamine/dextroamphetamine sulfate

A: Can cause skin, sclera, or urine to turn blue-green color

A nurse is teaching a client who is taking levodopa/carbidopa to treat Parkinson's disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Change position slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension Eat high protein snack to increase absorption Take the drug at bedtime to avoid daytime drowsiness Expect eye twitching to develop with long term therapy

A: Change position slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension High protein food can reduce effectiveness of levodopa/carbidopa. Eat shortly after taking med to reduce GI upset. Avoid high protein right after taking med. Divide protein amongst all meals. Drug is taken several times during the day. Muscle twitching indicates drug toxicity.

A nurse is teaching a client who is about to begin sumatriptan therapy to treat migraine headaches. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? Chest pain Polyuria Joint pain Insomnia

A: Chest pain Serotonin agonist, can cause coronary vasospasm and chest pain. Report any pressure, pain, tightness in jaw, chest or back. Not for client with history of coronary artery disease. Can cause muscle pain (not joint pain), and drowsiness.

A nurse is preparing to administer memantine to a client who has Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following findings in the client's medical history indicates a need to withhold the drug and notify the provider? Pancreatic cancer Hypotension Cirrhosis Osteoporosis

A: Cirrhosis Use memantine with caution for those with hepatic impairment. Lab testing may be needed prior to starting drug. Can cause hypertension.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for pramipexole to treat Parkinson's disease. The nurse should recognize that which of the following laboratory tests require monitoring? C-reactive protein Creatinine clearance Thyroid function CBC

A: Creatinine clearance

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for dantrolene to treat skeletal muscle spasms. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse effects? Slow heart rate Cough Diarrhea Hearing loss

A: Diarrhea Prolonged diarrhea can cause dehydration Can cause blurred vision, difficulty swallowing, and tachycardia

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for valproic acid to treat a seizure disorder. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? (Select all that apply) Hirsutism Drowsiness Headache Ataxia Rash

A: Drowsiness, headache, rash More likely to cause hair loss than hirsutism (excessive hair growth)

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking interferon beta-1b. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings indicates a potential serious adverse effect of this drug? Tinnitus Twitching eyelids Blue-green skin discoloration Fatigue

A: Fatigue Potential serious adverse effects include unexplained bruising, bleeding, and fatigue. Can indicate bone marrow suppression and decreased platelet count

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson's disease about how levodopa/carbidopa can control symptoms. The nurse should identify that the drug has which of the following pharmacologic effects? Increases available acetylcholine in the brain Inhibits norepinephrine metabolism in the brain Inhibits serotonin metabolism in the brain Increases available dopamine in the brain

A: Increases available dopamine in the brain

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for valproic acid to treat a seizure disorder. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the adverse effects? Hirsutism Depression Jaundice Gum irritation

A: Jaundice can also cause abdominal pain, nausea, transient hair loss, and aggression

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for dantrolene to treat skeletal muscle spasms. The nurse should identify that which of the following laboratory tests requires monitoring? Serum potassium Liver function Serum sodium Thyroid function

A: Liver function Dantrolene is a direct-acting muscle antispasmodic

Interferon beta 1 can be used to treat

A: Multiple Sclerosis

A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking selegiline to treat Parkinson's disease. The provider is considering the use of analgesics for the client but should be aware that a drug interaction between selegiline and meperidine can result in which of the following? Frequent urination Jaundice Cellulitis Muscle rigidity

A: Muscle rigidity Drug interaction between selegiline and opioids, especially meperidine, can result in rigidity, stupor, agitation, hypertension and fever

A nurse is administering fentanyl to a client to reduce pain. Which of the following drugs should the nurse have available to reverse the effects of fentanyl? Neostigmine Succinylcholine Naloxone Dantrolene

A: Naloxone

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking donepezil to treat Alzheimer's disease. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor? Confusion Dry mouth Nausea Double vision

A: Nausea It is a cholinesterase inhibitor. Most common side effects are nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Take with food to minimize GI upset. Can improve memory and reduce confusion. Can cause blurred vision (not double vision).

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a newly diagnosed seizure disorder and a new prescription for valproic acid and phenytoin. The nurse should identify that which of the following can occur as a result of an interaction between these drugs? Hyperammonemia Phenytoin toxicity Hypertension Peptic ulcer disease

A: Phenytoin toxicity

A nurse is teaching a client about interferon beta-1a. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give to help the client avoid the adverse effects of this drug?

A: Premedicate with acetaminophen Interferon beta 1a can cause fever, chills, headaches, muscle aches. Acetaminophen can help minimize symptoms. Routes of administration are parenteral (IM or subcutaneous)

A nurse is preparing to administer sumatriptan to a client for the first time. The nurse should instruct the client that sumatriptan is indicated for which of the following conditions? Tonic-clonic seizures Presence of migraine headache Exacerbation of multiple sclerosis Alzheimer's disease

A: Presence of a migraine headache

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving methohexital sodium. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects? Cardiac excitability Respiratory depression Hyperthermia Hypertension

A: Respiratory depression Methohexital sodium is a short-acting barbiturate. Mechanical ventilation and continuous monitoring are essential. Have resuscitation equipment available.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for amphetamine sulfate. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects? Hypotension Tinnitus Tachycardia Bronchospasm

A: Tachycardia

A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for modafinil to treat narcolepsy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Take drug in morning Take drug 30 min before bedtime Anticipate daytime drowsiness Expect urinary frequency

A: Take the drug in the morning It is a nonamphetamine stimulant. If using for shift-work sleepiness, take 1 hour before work.

Fosphenytoin can be used to treat

A: Tonic-clonic seizures

A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking amphetamine/dextroamphetamine sulfate for the treatment of ADHD for 2 weeks. The nurse should report which of the following findings to the provider? weight loss of 2.3 kg (5 lbs) bp 110/70 mm Hg Apical pulse 80/min Respiratory rate 16/min

A: Weight loss of 2.3 kg (5 lb)