ATI: The Neurological System Part 1

A nurse is teaching a family of a clien who has a new diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease about donepezil. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Avoid the use of NSAIDs for pain - combining NSAIDs with donepezil can cause GI bleeding

A nurse is preparing to administer memantine to a client who has Alzheimer's disease which finding in the client's medical history indicates a need to withhold the drug and notify the provider?

Cirrhosis; it should be used with caution in clients who have severe hepatic injury

a nurse is teaching a client who received a prescription for interferon beta-1a for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. which of the following information should the nurse include?

administer the drug in your thigh or upper arm - it should be administered via the SQ route. the nurse should instruct client how to do SQ injections

a nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for baclofen. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

avoid driving until the drug's effects are evident - Baclofen (a centrally-acting muscle relaxant) causes CNS depression

a nurse is teaching a cleint who has Alzheimer's disease and their caregiver about memantine. which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

avoid taking over the counter antacids - antacids that contain sodium bicarbonate increase urine alkalinity and can decrease drug excretion which can ultimately lead to toxicity

a nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for carbamazepine. which of the following instructions should the nurse include to help the client avoid adverse effects of this drug?

begin taking the drug at a low dosage - visual disturbances, vertigo, ataxia can result from taking carbamazepine ( a drug to treat seizure disorders). dosages should be low to minimize or prevent these adverse effects

a nurse is teaching a client who is taking levodopa/carbidopa to treat parkinson's disease. which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

change positions slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension

a nurse is teaching a client who is about to begin sumatriptan therapy to treat migraine headaches. the nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?

chest pain - sumatriptan (a serotonin agonist) can cause coronary vasospasms and chest pain. cleints should report any pressure, pain, or tightness in the jaw, chest, or back. sumatriptan is not an appropriate choice for clients who have a history of coronary artery disease

a nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for valproic acid to treat a seizure disorder. a nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?

clients should report CNS depressant effects such as sedation and drowsiness, headache, and rash

a nurse caring for a client who has a new prescription for pramipexole to treat parkinson's disease. the nurse should recognize that which of the following lab tests require monitoring?

creatinine clearance - pramipexole is a direct-acting dopamine receptor agonist and should be used with caution for clients who have renal disease

a nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for dantrolene to treat skeletal muscle spasms. the nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse effects?

diarrhea - prolonged diarrhea can result in dehydration and other serious effects - diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting are adverse effects of dantrolene - the client should report any of these so the nurse can monitor fluid balance and intervene accordingly

A nurse is caring for client who is taking interferon beta-1B. the nurse should identify that which of the following findings indicates a potential serious adverse effect of this drug?

fatigue other correct answers: unexplained bruising or bleeding - the client should report these adverse effects to their provider because they can indicate bone marrow suppression and decreased platelet count

a nurse is teaching a client who has new diagnosis of Parkinson's disease about how levodopa/carbidopa can help control symptoms. The nurse should identify the drug has which of the following pharmacologic effects?

increases available dopamine in the brain - the Rx drug is a dopaminergic agent that can increase dopamine in the extrapyramidal center of the brain, reducing involuntary motion or tremors that are associated with parkinson's disease

a nurse is providing a teaching for a client who has a new prescription for valproic acid to treat a seizure disorder. the nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?

jaundice - valproic acid can cause hepatic toxicity which is characterized by jaundice, abdominal pain, and nausea. nurse should monitor liver function studies prior to treatment and periodically during therapy

a nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for dantrolene to treat skeletal muscle spasms. the nurse should identify that which of the following lab tests requires monitoring?

liver function - liver toxicity is a serious adverse effect of dantrolene. the nurse should monitor the client's liver function prior to treatment and at regular intervals and advise the client to report jaundice or abdominal pain

a nurse is caring for a client who has been taking selegiline to treat Parkinson's disease. the provider is considering the use of analgesics for the client but should be aware that a drug interaction btw selegiline and meperidine can result in which of the following?

muscle rigidity - a drug interaction btw selegiline and opioids, especially meperidine, can result in rigidity, stupor, agitation, hypertension, and fever

a nurse is administering fentanyl to a client to reduce pain. which of the following drugs should the nurse have available to reverse the effects of fentanyl

nalaxone; an opioid antagonist that reverses the effects of opioids

a nurse is caring for a client who is taking donepezil to treat Alzheimer's disease. which of the following effects should the nurse monitor?

nausea - the most common adverse effects of donepezil (cholinesterase inhibitor) are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. take with food to minimize effects

a nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a newly diagnosed seizure disorder and a new prescription for valproic acidand phenytoin. the nurse should identify that which of the following can occur as a result of an interaction between these drugs?

phenytoin toxicity - valproic acid can cause an increase in phenytoin blood levels, resulting in toxicity. the nurse should monitor serum phenytoin levels and notify the provider if levels begin to exceed the therapeutic range

a nurse is teaching a client about interferon beta-1a. which of the following instructions should the nurse give to help the client avoid the adverse effects of the drug?

premedicate with acetaminophen - interferon beta drugs can cause fever, chills headaches, and muscle aches. Acetaminophen can minimize these symptoms

a nurse is preparing to administer sumatriptan to a client for the first time. The nurse should instruct the client that sumatriptan is indicated for which of the following conditions

presence of migraine headaches

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving methohexital sodium. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

respiratory depression - methohexital (a short acting barbiturate) can cause respiratory depression. mechanical ventilation and continuous monitoring are essential for clients receiving the drug

a nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for amphetamine sulfate. the nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

tachycardia - amphetamine sulfate is an amphetamine stimulant. it can cause tachycardia and dysrhythmias. the client should notify the nurse if they develop palpitations or chest pain

a nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for modafinil to treat narcolepsy. which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

take the drug in the morning - modafinil is a nonamphetamine stimulant. taking it in the morning helps improve wakefulness for clients who have narcolepsy. clients taking the drug for shift-work sleepiness should take it 1 hour before work.

Which findings should the nurse report with the prescription of amphetamine/dextroamphetamine for ADHD for 2 weeks?

weight loss of 2.3 kg (5 lbs) - the Rx causes decreased appetite and weight loss