BCIS 4620 DATABASE EXAM 1

Which of the following refers to the situation where different versions of the same data are stored at different places because they weren't updated consistently?

Data redundancy

A disadvantage of the relational database management system (RDBMS) is its inability to hide the complexities of the relational model from the user.

False

An advantage of database systems is that you needn't perform frequent updates and apply latest patches.

False

Data and information are essentially the same thing.

False

Database programming languages receive all application requests and translate them into the complex operations required to fulfill those requests

False

Field refers to a collection of related records.

False

One disadvantage of the DBMS is that it increases the risk of data security breaches.

False

Structural dependence exists when it is possible to make changes in the file structure without affecting the application program's ability to access the data.

False

The relational model is hardware-dependent and software-independent.

False

_____ is the result of revealing the meaning of raw facts.

Information

Which of the following is true of business rules?

They can serve as a communication tool between the users and designers.

Which of the following is true of spreadsheet applications?

They enhance the user's ability to understand the data.

Data constitute the building blocks of information.

True

M:N relationships are not appropriate in a relational model.

True

_____ data exist in a format that does not lend itself to processing that yields information.

Unstructured

_____ data exist in the format in which they were collected.

Unstructured

A(n) _____ might be written by a programmer or it might be created through a DBMS utility program.

application

A(n) _____ is the equivalent of a field in a file system.

attribute

The database structure in a DBMS is stored as a _____.

collection of files

A(n) _____ is a restriction placed on the data.

constraint

A noun in a business rule translates to a(n) _____ in the data model.

entity

A(n) _____ is anything about which data are to be collected and stored.

entity

A(n) _____ represents a particular type of object in the real world.

entity

The _____ model uses the term connectivity to label the relationship types.

entity relationship

A _____ is a character or group of characters that has a specific meaning.

field

A _____ is a collection of related records.

file

VMS/VSAM is an example of the _____.

file system data model

Accurate, relevant, and timely information is the key to ____.

good decision making

In the _____ model, the basic logical structure is represented as an upside-down tree.

hierarchical

The _____ data model is said to be a semantic data model.

object-oriented

A _____ is a logically connected set of one or more fields that describes a person, place, or thing.

record

The hierarchical data model was developed in the _____.

1960s

Corporations use only structured data.

False

In Chen notation, entities and relationships have to be oriented horizontally; not vertically.

False

_____ is the body of information and facts about a specific subject.

Knowledge

Which of the following is true of NoSQL databases?

They are not based on the relational model.

A data model is usually graphical.

True

An implementation-ready data model should contain a description of the data structure that will store the end-user data.

True

Business rules must be rendered in writing.

True

Structure is based on the type of processing to be performed on the data.

True

The network model has structural level dependence.

True

The only way to access the data in a database is through the DBMS.

True

Today, most relational database products can be classified as object/relational.

True

Within the database environment, a data model represents data structures with the purpose of supporting a specific problem domain.

True

A(n) _____ database supports a relatively small number of users (usually fewer than 50) or a specific department within an organization.

workgroup

A workgroup database is a(n) _____ database.

multiuser

The relational data model was developed in the _____.

1970s

The object-oriented data model was developed in the _____.

1980s

_____ exists when different versions of the same data appear in different places.

Data inconsistency

_____ is defined as the condition in which all of the data in the database are consistent with the real-world events and conditions.

Data integrity

An operational database is sometimes referred to as an enterprise database.

False

Which of the following types of HDFS nodes acts as the interface between the user application and the HDFS?

Client node

Students and classes have a _____ relationship.

many-to-many

A(n) _____'s main function is to help one understand the complexities of the real-world environment.

model

Most data that can be encountered are best classified as _____.

semistructured

A desktop database is a _____ database

single-user

A(n) _____ database is used by an organization and supports many users across many departments.

enterprise

_____ are important because they help to ensure data integrity.

Constraints

_____ are normally expressed in the form of rules.

Constraints

_____ serve as the intermediary between the user and the database.

DBMSs

An implementation-ready data model needn't necessarily contain enforceable rules to guarantee the integrity of the data.

False

Business rules apply to businesses and government groups, but not to other types of organizations such as religious groups or research laboratories.

False

Data anomaly is defined as the condition in which all of the data in the database are consistent with the real-world events and conditions.

False

Data is the result of processing raw facts to reveal its meaning.

False

Database designers determine the data and information that yield the required understanding of the entire business.

False

Even when a good database blueprint is available, an applications programmer's view of the data should match that of the manager and the end user.

False

In an SQL-based relational database, each table is dependent on every other table.

False

One advantage of a database system over previous data management approaches is that the database system is considerably less complex.

False

The DBMS reveals much of the database's internal complexity to the application programs and users.

False

The external model is the representation of the database as "seen" by the DBMS.

False

The hierarchical model is software-independent.

False

When data are entered into a form and saved, they are placed in the underlying database as knowledge.

False

_____ provide a description of the data characteristics and the set of relationships that link the data found within the database.

Metadata

Which of the following types of HDFS nodes stores all the metadata about a file system?

Name node

_____ relates to the activities that make the database execute transactions more efficiently in terms of storage and access speed.

Performance tuning

_____ are the result of formatting disorganized data in order to facilitate storage, use and generation of information.

Structured data

A data warehouse can store data derived from many sources.

True

Data processing can be as simple as organizing data to reveal patterns.

True

Each row in the relational table is known as an entity instance or entity occurrence in the ER model.

True

In an SQL-based relational database, rows in different tables are related based on common values in common attributes.

True

In the context of data models, an entity is a person, place, thing, or event about which data will be collected and stored.

True

Metadata describe the data characteristics and the set of relationships that links the data found within the database.

True

One disadvantage of a database system over previous data management approaches is increased costs.

True

Oracle 12c, MS SQL Server, and Tamino are examples of _____ data models.

XML Hybrid

A(n) _____ enables a database administrator to describe schema components.

data definition language (DDL)

A(n) _______ enables a database administrator to describe schema components.

data definition language (DDL)

The term _____ refers to an organization of components that define and regulate the collection, storage, management and use of data within a database environment.

database system

The _____ model was developed to allow designers to use a graphical tool to examine structures rather than describing them with text.

entity relationship

In the _____ model, each parent can have many children, but each child has only one parent.

hierarchical

The organization of data within folders in a manual file system is determined by _______.

its expected use

In the _____ model, the user perceives the database as a collection of records in 1:M relationships, where each record can have more than one parent.

network

The _____ data model uses the concept of inheritance.

object-oriented

A data warehouse contains historical data obtained from the _____.

operational databases

The response of the DBMS to a query is the ___________

query result set

End-user data is _____.

raw facts of interest to the end user

MySQL is an example of the _____.

relational data model

A verb associating two nouns in a business rule translates to a(n) _____ in the data model.

relationship

A(n) _____ is bidirectional.

relationship

An XML database supports the storage and management of _____ XML data.

semistructured

Data is said to be verifiable if:

the data always yields consistent results.