BIBL 111 Final

According to Kerr, John Wesley identified the "undeniable difference between Calvinists and Arminians." Which of the following best represents this "undeniable difference"?

Calvinists hold that the saving grace of God is irresistible, Arminians hold that a person may resist grace although it is God's will that they be saved.

According to Bingham, for the Reformers, ultimately there was just one litmus test for a Bible interpretation: did the interpretation point to the gospel of Christ and nurture faith in a gracious God who saved us through the deeds of Christ? With that in mind, which of the following did Luther believe is the primary thing that a Christian reader should look for in the four Gospels?

Christians should read the deeds and suffering of Christ in the Gospels as acts endured by Jesus on their behalf.

Cardinal Contarini came to accept the Protestant understanding that we are justified by the righteousness of Christ by faith, without good works. Yet, Contarini did not join the Protestant Reformation. Contarini disagreed with the Protestants over transubstantiation, but another issue made this disagreement inevitable. Which of the following best represents what Contarini believed that prevented him from joining the Protestant Reformation?

Contarini accepted the authority of councils and popes.

C. G. Berkouwer put more stress on the human side of Scripture. According to Lane, Berkouwer thought that we must pay attention to the "human character" of the Scripture by taking certain things into account in order to understand the Scripture correctly. Which of the following represents one of the things that we must take into account in understanding Scripture? Be sure to mark all that apply.

In order to understand Scripture we must take their languages into account. In order to understand Scripture we must take their literary forms into account. In order to understand Scripture we must take their historical circumstances into account.

Jonathan Edwards wrote Religious Affections in order to help distinguish true revivals from false revivals. Which of the following represent Edwards' conclusions about religious revivals? Be sure to select all that apply.

True religion does not lie in the intellect but in the "affections" of the heart. True religion is not always expressed by all the religious affections one may experience.

Lane prefaces his discussion of the modern world with an explanation of how Rationalism, Science, Historical Criticism, and Postmodernism have profoundly challenged Christian theology. All of these challenge Christian theology because of an underlying assumption. Which of the following best represents this underlying assumption that causes these things to challenge Christian theology?

Underlying their challenge to Christian theology is a rejection of the authority of revelation.

A distinguishing aspect of Zwingli's theology was his view on water baptism. Which of the following best represents Zwingli's view of baptism?

Water baptism is primarily an outward sign of one's faith.

Lane notes that the Society of Jesus, founded by Ignatius of Loyola, had three major aims. Which of the following represents one or more of these major aims? Be sure to mark all that apply.

A major Jesuit aim was to fight heresy, especially Protestantism. A major Jesuit aim was to reform the church through education.

The Lausanne Congress of 1974 was an important Evangelical congress on world evangelization. Its Covenant is a wide-ranging Evangelical statement of faith. Lausanne was significant in three major ways. According to Lane, which of the following best represents the three ways in which the Lausanne Congress was significant?

A penitent attitude, Christian social action, and the participation of Third World members.

According to Lane, John Calvin is often "blamed" for the doctrine of predestination. Which of the following best represents what Lane says is true about Calvin and predestination? Be sure to mark all the answers that apply.

According to Lane, Augustine and all the other Reformers taught the doctrine of predestination as well as Calvin. According to Lane, Calvin did not make the doctrine of predestination central and foundational to theology.

Rudolph Bultmann rejected both Liberal theology and traditional Christian theology in his attempt to "demythologize" the Bible. Which of the following represents the thinking of Rudolph Bultmann? Be sure to mark all that apply.

All

In discussing John and Charles Wesley, Lane sets out what he calls the "basic tenets of the Evangelical message." Which of the following represents one of the "basic tenets of the Evangelical message"? Be sure to mark all that apply.

All of them

The Schleitheim Confession was a very important early Anabaptist document. Which of the following statements represent the beliefs expressed in the Schleitheim Confession? Be sure to mark all that apply.

Believers who fall into sin but refuse correction must be banned from fellowship.

According to Bingham, both "rationalists" and "empiricists" had an overbearing optimism in reason. Both "rationalists" and "empiricists" denied that we had any need for revelation. Which of the following questions best represents the thinking of the empiricists in regard to revelation as an authority?

CorrectC. Why listen to anything but our own experiences?

Lane says that Thomas Cranmer fitted the post as Archbishop of Canterbury "admirably." Which of the following best represents one of the reasons why Lane believes that Cranmer was suited to the job?

Cranmer believed sincerely in the authority of the "godly prince" over the church.

Jonathan Edwards cautioned that a revival that was marked by emotional outbursts was not necessarily wrong, and that emotions did not guarantee that a conversion was real. Which of the following best represents what Edwards believed to be the sign that a person had been truly converted?

Edwards believed that the sign of a true conversion was the Holy Spirit working to motivate love for God and others.

Bingham traces the growth of the Protestant missions movements of the 19th and 20th centuries. Along with the funded missions boards, Bingham also mentions "faith missions" such as the China Inland Mission of Hudson Taylor. Which of the following best represents what set "faith" missions apart from other Protestant mission boards of the time?

Faith missions looked to God to provide all their daily necessities.

Blaise Paschal followed the teaching of Cornelius Jansen. Jansen taught that the Roman Catholic Church was becoming lax and had drifted from an important understanding. Which of the following best represents what Jansen taught concerning the drift of the Church?

Jansen taught that the Church had drifted away from Augustine's teaching on grace.

John Knox greatly influenced the religious thinking in both Scotland and England. Which of the following best represents how Knox influenced the church in England?

Knox went beyond the Book of Common Prayer to establish a more Calvinist form of worship.

B. B. Warfield is best known for his exposition of the doctrine of Scripture. According to Lane, which of the following represents Warfield's position on the Scripture? Be sure to mark all that apply.

The Bible is the oracles of God as the inspired word of God. The Bible is fully God's word and also fully man's word.

The Decree Concerning Justification, promulgated by the Council of Trent, applied primarily to sins committed by the Christian after baptism, according to Lane. Which of the following best represents what the Decree teaches regarding the way in which the Christian can gain eternal life?

The Christian can gain eternal life by paying for the temporal effects of his sin through good works, penances, indulgences, etc.

Adolf von Harnack's concept of the essence of Christianity was based on his conception of the historical person of Jesus Christ. Which of the following best represents the reconstruction of the "Jesus of history" according to the method of historical criticism?

The Jesus of History preached a simple message of the brotherhood of man and fatherhood of God.

Charles Finney portrayed conversion as an act of the human will that is within our reach. According to Lane, Finney's understanding has some strong points and some weak points. Which of the following best represents the weakest point in Finney's theology?

The weakest point in Finney's system is that the will is totally unconditioned and random.

Albrecht Ritchl was famous for his claim that theological statements are value judgments. Which of the following best represents what Ritchl meant when he stated that theological statements are value judgments?

Theological statements are not assessments that can be logically proved.

One of Zwingli's first writings was The Clarity and Certainty of God's Word. This work taught a basic Protestant principle. Which of the following best represents that principle?

This work taught the principle of the supreme authority of Scripture.