BIO 103 - Chapter 4 - Pearson #5
Which of the following is part of the endomembrane system?
Golgi apparatus
The purpose of cellular respiration is the production of __________.
ATP
Cyanide inhibits mitochondrial function; as a result, the rate of
ATP synthesis decreases
Why do both mitochondria and chloroplasts possess circular chromosomes?
Both mitochondria and chloroplasts descended from free-living prokaryotes engulfed and maintained by early eukaryotic cells.
_____ are found only in plant cells, but _____ are found in both plant and animal cells.
Central vacuoles; ribosomes
Rough ER
Manufacturing
Which plant cell organelle converts chemical fuel into packets of chemical energy that can power the cell?
Mitochondrion
Which of the following statements about the cytoskeleton is false?
Once laid down, the elements of the cytoskeleton are fixed and remain permanently in place.
Golgi apparatus
Processing
What name is given to the process in which pre-mRNA is edited into mRNA?
RNA processing
Plasma membrane
Secretion
Which of the following is a function of the central vacuole?
Storing compounds produced by the cell
Which of the following describes the function of the chloroplast?
The chloroplast converts light energy to chemical energy.
Vesicle from golgi
Transport
Vesicle from ER
Transportation
Polypeptides are assembled from _____.
amino acids
In the plasma membrane, the phospholipid heads
are hydrophilic and face outward toward the aqueous solution on both sides of the membrane.
Mitochondria are found in _____.
both plant cells and animal cells
lysosome
breaks down macromolecules using digestive enzymes
mitochondrion
converts chemical fuel into packets of chemical energy that can power the cell
The structural framework in a cell is the
cytoskeleton
Which of the following are stored in the lysosomes of the cell?
digestive enzymes
The fluorescent tag likely became incorporated into which of the following organelles during the video?
endoplasmic reticulum
It is essential for heart muscle cells to beat in a coordinated fashion. The cell junctions that would best facilitate this are
gap junctions
The plant cell wall
is a protective structure made of cellulose fibrils
Which of the following organelles breaks down worn-out organelles?
lysosomes
RNA processing converts the RNA transcript into _____.
mRNA
What carries instructions for making proteins from the nucleus into the cytoplasm?
mRNA
The main function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is the production of
membrane and proteins secreted by the cell.
The cilia and flagella of eukaryotic cells are composed of _____.
microtubules
Where in a cell is ATP made?
mitochondria
Where is the genetic information of the cell stored?
nucleus
What structure acts as a selective barrier, regulating the traffic of materials into and out of the cell?
plasma membrane
Which plant structure is most like gap junctions in animal cells?
plasmodesmata
One of the ways smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) differs from rough endoplasmic reticulum is that rough ER is covered by
ribosomes
You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to _____.
secrete a lot of material
smooth ER
site of lipid synthesis
Where are lipids made in the cell?
smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
nucleus
stores the genetic information of the cell
What name is given to the process in which a strand of DNA is used as a template for the manufacture of a strand of pre-mRNA?
transcription
In eukaryotic cells the first step in protein synthesis is the _____.
transferring of information from DNA to messenger RNA
What name is given to the process in which the information encoded in a strand of mRNA is used to construct a protein?
translation
ribosome
works with mRNA to synthesize proteins
