BIO 1408 Chapter 1 Review

Select all of the following that are characteristics of a scientific theory.

***A. Encompass multiple hypotheses ***B. Falsifiable ***C. Widely accepted and supported D. Tentative hunch E. Narrow in scope ***F. Can be used to make predictions

Select all of the following that are ways to collect data in a scientific inquiry.

***A. Experimentation ***B. Discovery science C. Form thesis D. Make conclusions

Select all the types of data and characteristics that scientists can use to help compare evolutionary relationships between organisms.

***A. anatomical features ***B. Genetic characteristics ***C. Biochemical aspects ***D. Cellular attributes E. Population age structure

Select all of the following that are Domain names in the taxonomic hierarchy of life.

***A. archaea ***B. bacteria ***C. Eukarya D. Animalia E. Plantae

Particles that make up molecules are called

**A. Atoms B. Organisms C. Cells D. Membranes

What is evolution?

**A. Changes in genetic makeup of a population over multiple generations. B. Members of the same species living in the same place at the same time. C. A state of internal constancy or equilibrium. D. The science of naming and classifying organisms.

What process describes the cell division and growth of specialized tissues that produces a multicellular organism from a single, fertilized egg?

**A. Development B. Homeostasis C. Taxonomy D. Metabolism

Select all of the statements that are true about asexual reproduction.

**A. Genetic information comes from only one parent B. Two parents are required C. Genes from parents are mixed at each generation **D. Offspring are virtually identical to each other

If the results of an experiment are completely unexpected, what might scientists do?

**A. Make new observations and hypotheses. B. Conclude that their hypothesis is supported. C. Conclude that their prediction came true. D. Reanalyze their data so they get the results they want.

What process favors survival of specific individuals within a population based on inherited characteristics?

**A. Natural selection B. Reproduction C. Homeostasis D. Statistical significance

What are membrane-bounded compartments within eukaryotic cells that carry out specialized functions?

**A. Organelles B. Biosphere C. Domains D. Hypotheses

A new combination of traits inherited from two parents is passed to offspring as a result of

**A. Sexual reproduction B. All types of reproduction C. Asexual reproduction

What is deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?

**A. a molecule that encodes genetic instructions. B. A membrane-bounded compartment in the cell. C. Artificial life D. A component of water

Each Type Of Organism is assigned to a unique , two-part scientific name, which consists of the _________ of the organism.

**A. genus and specific descriptor B. Domain and kingdom C. Kingdom and genus D. Family and cell type

Rank the following levels of biological organization from the smallest to largest.

1. Atom 2. Molecule 3. Organelle 4. Cell 5. Tissue 6. Organ

Match the following types of variables to their correct definitions.

1. Independent variable: the manipulated portion of the experiment 2. Dependent variable: the response that an investigator measures 3. Standardized variable: a parameter of the experiment that is held constant

Rank the following steps of the generalized scientific method in order from the first step to the last step.

1. Observe and ask questions about something in the natural world. 2. Create a hypothesis to explain your observations and make predictions. 3. Carry out experiment(s) to test the hypothesis and collect data. 4. Analyze your data and draw conclusions.

Match each eukaryotic group or kingdom with it appropriate description.

1. Plantae: multicellular; almost all are autotrophic organisms. 2. Animalia: heterotrophs; obtain food by ingestion. 3. Fungi: heterotrophs; obtain food by external digestion. 4. Protista: unicellular and multicellular; autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms.

Match each description with the type of reproduction it describes.

1. Sexual reproduction: results in genetic diversity; offspring has a mix of genes from two parents. 2. Asexual reproduction: genes from only one parent; offspring virtually identical.

Organisms that make their own food by obtaining energy and nutrients from non-living sources are called

A. Consumers B. Heterotrophs C. Herbivores **D. Producers

What term refers to members of the same species living in the same place at the same time?

A. Ecosystem B. Biosphere C. Organism **D. Population

Using a process called __________, loving organisms maintain a state of internal constancy or equilibrium, such as a constant range of temperatures, nutrients, or water.

A. Evolution B. Replication **C. Homeostasis D. Decomposition

A(n) ________ is an inherited characteristic or behavior which enables an individual to survive better than without the inherited characteristic.

A. Heterotrophs B. Organelle **C. Adaptation D. Domain

Select all of the following that can be limitations to scientific inquiry.

A. Homeostasis of organisms ***B. Misinterpretations of results ***C. Reluctance to accept unexpected conclusions ***D. Biases of scientists

The group in an experiment that is untreated and provides a basis for comparison is called the

A. Hypothesis B. Variable C. Dependent variable **D. Control

All living things are composed of one or more cells, use _________ to grow and reproduce, and maintain a state of internal constancy.

A. Light B. Fermentation **C. Energy D. Buffers

What is the basic unit of life and consists of a membrane enclosing water, DNA, and other chemicals?

A. Organ **B. Cell C. Ribosome D. Plastid

A leaf is composed of several tissues organized to work together and is a(n) _________ of a plant.

A. Organism **B. Organ C. Organ system D. Organelle

What is the term for all the populations of different species that occupy the same location at the same time?

A. Organisms B. Organ system **C. Community D. Organelles

Organs are made up of

A. Organisms **B. Tissues C. Organ systems D. Ecosystems

Compartments within cells that carry out specific functions are called

A. Organs **B. Organelles C. Organ systems D. Molecules

Biologists begin a study by asking questions and

A. Performing statistical analysis B. Sending out results for a peer review C. Drawing conclusions **D. Making observations

In an experiment, the response that an investigator measures and the treatment that an investigator manipulates are examples of

A. Placebos **B. Variables C. Sample sizes D. Hypotheses

What biological level indicates the living and non-living components of a particular area?

A. Population B. Organ system **C. Ecosystem D. Community

What is the science of naming and classifying organisms?

A. The scientific method **B. Taxonomy C. Evolution D. Natural selection

Hypotheses are often tested with an investigation called a(n)

A. Theory **B. Experiment C. Variable D. Peer review

A tentative and testable explanation for an observation is called a _________ and is an essential early step of a scientific study.

A. Theory **B. Hypothesis C. Variable D. Control

Atoms can bond together to form

A. a population **B. Molecules C. Hypotheses D. Homeostasis

The cell's genetic instructions are encoded in a molecule called __________, and these instructions are used to produce proteins and allow the cell to carry out specialized functions.

A. adenosine triphosphate (ATP) B. glucose 3-phosphate (G3P) C. carbon dioxide (CO2) **D. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

A living thing or individual is called a(n)

A. organelle B. Organ C. Atom **D. Organism

A level of biological organization called the __________ includes all parts of the Earth and its atmosphere where life can survive.

biosphere

New complex functions and characteristics that arise when the lower components of an organism interact are called __________ properties.

emergent

An Organ _____________ is composed of several organs that are connected and working together.

system