BIO 142 Lymphatic & Immune System

Immunoglobulins that are primarily found in glandular secretions such as saliva and tears are: A). IgA. B). IgD. C). IgE. D). IgG. E). IgM.

A). IgA

________ are large lymphoid nodules that are located in the walls of the pharynx. A). Tonsils B). Peyer's patches C). Lymph nodes D). Immune complexes E). Spleens

A). Tonsils

All of the following are true of the thymus gland, except that it: A). activates B cells. B). reaches its greatest relative size before puberty. C). involutes after puberty. D). produces T cells. E). lies in the anterior mediastinum.

A). activates B cells

The white pulp of the spleen is populated by: A). lymphocytes. B). trabeculae. C). arteries. D). veins. E). fibrous connective tissue.

A). lymphocytes

The cells responsible for antibody-mediated immunity are the ________ cells. A). NK B). B C). helper T D). cytotoxic T E). suppressor T

B). B

Lymphatic vessels commonly occur in association with: A). hyaline cartilage. B). blood vessels. C). adipose tissue. D). sensory nerve endings. E). both hyaline cartilage and adipose tissue

B). blood vessels.

Histamine increases blood flow and vascular permeability. This would account for all of the following changes that occur during inflammation, except: A). redness of the inflamed tissue. B). chemotaxis of phagocytes. C). heat of the inflamed tissue. D). movement of defense proteins and cells into the interstitial space. E). swelling of the inflamed tissue.

B). chemotaxis of phagocytes

Dividing lymphocytes can be found in the ________ of the lymphoid nodule. A). trabeculae B). germinal center C). afferent lymphatics D). all of these E). none of these

B). germinal center

Various types of macrophages are derived from: A). lymphocytes. B). monocytes. C). neutrophils. D). eosinophils. E). basophils.

B). monocytes

Various types of macrophages are derived from: A). lymphocytes. B). monocytes. C). neutrophils. D). eosinophils. E). basophils.

B). monocytes.

The cells responsible for the production of circulating immunoglobulins are ________ cells. A). NK B). plasma C). helper T D). thymus E). liver

B). plasma

The release of endogenous pyrogen (or interleukin-1) by active macrophages would: A). cause inflammation. B). produce a fever. C). activate complement. D). opsonize pathogens. E). activate antibodies.

B). produce a fever.

The thoracic duct drains lymph from all of the following regions, except the: A). left breast. B). right breast. C). left arm and shoulder. D). pelvic viscera. E). left side of the neck.

B). right breast

Defense of the body against a particular pathogen is provided by: A). nonspecific immunity. B). specific immunity. C). immunological surveillance. D). skin defenses. E). fever.

B). specific immunity

Most of the lymph returns to the venous circulation by way of the: A). right lymphatic duct. B). thoracic duct. C). cisterna chyli. D). hepatic portal vein. E). dural sinus.

B). thoracic duct

In a routine examination, some blood is taken and analyzed. The results show a high IgM titer for the mumps virus but a low IgG anti-mumps titer. This would indicate the person: A). has just recovered from mumps. B). was recently infected with mumps. C). is allergic to mumps. D). is immune to mumps. E). is relying on passive immunity.

B). was recently infected with mumps.

The first line of cellular defense against pathogens are the: A). T cells. B). B cells. C). NK cells. D). phagocytes. E). plasma cells.

D). phagocytes

The largest single collection of lymphoid tissue in the adult body is located in the: A). liver. B). thymus. C). tonsils. D). spleen. E). lymph nodes.

D). spleen

A crime scene investigator found that a biological fluid sample contains a large amount of IgA-type antibody. This fluid is probably: A). blood. B). lymph. C). serum. D). tears. E). interstitial.

D). tears

Immunoglobulins, formed of five subunits, that are the first antibodies to be produced in response to infection, are: A). IgA. B). IgD. C). IgE. D). IgG. E). IgM.

E). IgM

Inflammation produces localized: A). swelling. B). redness. C). heat. D). pain. E). all of these

E). all of these

Lymphocytes may be found in which of the following tissues or organs? A). tonsils B). spleen C). lymph nodes D). thymus E). all of these

E). all of these

Nonspecific defenses include: A). phagocytic cells. B). physical barriers. C). inflammation. D). interferons. E). all of these

E). all of these

The lymphocytes are most important in: A). helping maintain normal blood volume. B). transporting gases to and away from lymph nodes. C). eliminating variations in the composition of interstitial fluid. D). transporting lipids from the digestive tract. E). fighting infection.

E). fighting infection

Specific defenses depend on the activities of: A). monocytes. B). leukocytes. C). agranulocytes. D). erythrocytes. E). lymphocytes.

E). lymphocytes

Lymphocytes are produced and stored in all of the following, except: A). the thymus. B). lymphoid nodules. C). lymph node organs. D). the spleen. E). the brain.

E). the brain

________ are clusters of lymphoid nodules deep to the epithelial lining of the small intestine. A). Tonsils B). Adenoids C). Peyer's patches D). Immune complexes E). Lymph glands

C). Peyer's patches

If the thymus shrank and stopped making thymosins, we would expect to see an immediate decrease in the number of: A). B lymphocytes. B). NK cells. C). T cells. D). neutrophils. E). NK cells and T cells.

C). T cells

The classic pathway of complement activation begins when the complement protein binds to: A). the cell wall of bacteria. B). the plasma membrane of bacteria. C). an antibody attached to an antigen. D). a cell surface antigen. E). a plasma protein.

C). an antibody attached to an antigen

The primary function of the lymphoid system is: A). circulation of nutrients. B). the transport of hormones. C). defending the body against both environmental hazards and internal threats D). the production and distribution of plasma proteins. E). both the transport of hormones and the production and distribution of plasma proteins.

C). defending the body against both environmental hazards and internal threats

Cells that help regulate the antibody-mediated immune response are ________ cells. A). B B). plasma C). helper T D). cytotoxic T E). NK

C). helper T

B cells are primarily activated by the activities of: A). antigens. B). antibodies. C). helper T cells. D). macrophages. E). plasma cells.

C). helper T cells

An inflammatory response is triggered when: A). red blood cells release pyrogens. B). T cells release interferon. C). mast cells release histamine and heparin. D). neutrophils phagocytize bacteria. E). blood flow to an area increases.

C). mast cells release histamine and heparin.

Leslie has a bad sore throat, and the lymph glands in her neck are swollen. This would indicate that: A). the focus of the infection is the lymph glands. B). lymph is not flowing through these lymph glands. C). the affected lymph glands contain an increased number of lymphocytes. D). the lymph gland is actively producing phagocytes. E). the lymph gland has increased its secretion of thymosin.

C). the affected lymph glands contain an increased number of lymphocytes.

Areas of the spleen that contain large aggregations of lymphocytes are known as: A). Peyer's patches. B). adenoids. C). white pulp. D). red pulp. E). lymph nodes.

C). white pulp

The medulla of a lymph node contain ________ lymphocytes and plasma cells. A). cytotoxic T B). medullary C). NK D). B E). cordal

D). B

Immunoglobulins that are most abundant and are responsible for resistance against many viruses, bacteria, and bacterial toxins are: A). IgA. B). IgD. C). IgE. D). IgG. E). IgM.

D). IgG.

The most abundant type of antibody is: A). IgA. B). IgD. C). IgE. D). IgG. E). IgM.

D). IgG.

________ is the class of antibody first secreted in response to a new antigen. A). IgG B). IgE C). IgD D). IgM E). IgA

D). IgM

Cytotoxic T cells can attack target cells with which of these chemical weapons? A). secrete strong acid B). secrete organic solvent C). secrete free radicals D). activate genes that trigger apoptosis E). secrete mutant proteins

D). activate genes that trigger apoptosis

The role of antigen-presenting cells in immunity is to: A). activate T cells. B). display antigen fragments. C). process antigens. D). all of these E). none of these

D). all of these

Lymphocytes that destroy foreign cells or virus-infected cells are ________ cells. A). B B). plasma C). helper T D). cytotoxic T E). suppressor T

D). cytotoxic T

The cells directly responsible for cell-mediated immunity are the ________ cells. A). B B). plasma C). helper T D). cytotoxic T E). suppressor T

D). cytotoxic T

A sample of John's blood shows a high level of pyrogens. This would indicate that John: A). is feeling achy. B). is producing T lymphocytes. C). has a sore throat. D). is running a fever. E). has swollen lymph nodes.

D). is running a fever

During a primary humoral response to antigens, all of the following occur, except: A). the antigen must activate appropriate B cells. B). B cells may take time to develop into plasma cells and memory cells. C). antibody levels do not peak until 1 to 2 weeks after the initial exposure. D). neutrophils invade the surrounding areas, releasing chemotactic substances. E). the first immunoglobulins to appear in circulation are of the IgM type.

D). neutrophils invade the surrounding areas, releasing chemotactic substances.