Bio 160 example test 2

the existence of a seperate set of ribosomes and ________ in mitochondria and chloroplasts provide support for serial______ a. golgi, endosymbiosis b. DNA, endosymbiosis c. DNA, evolution d. rough endoplasmic reticulum, endosymbiosis e. none of the above

b. DNA, endosymbiosis

How can we identify a particular element? a. by its number of protons b. by its number of neutrons c. by its shape of valence shells d. by its number of electrons e. by its amount of energy levels

a. by its number of protons

the location and/or metabolism of a substance such as a hormone or drug can be followed in the body by labeling the substance with a(n): a.radioisotope b. DNA molecule c. acid d. isotope e. element

a. radioisotope

an organism that reproduces _____ produces genetically variable offspring a. sexually b. asexxually c. by fragmentation d. by cloning

a. sexually

for the following medical condition, which of the following is the likely cellular organelle or structure that has been affected in such a way as to cause the condition? the sperm of man cannot swim, thus rendering him infertile. a. mitochondria b. lysosome c. chloroplast d. nucleus e. peroxisome

d. nucleus

which statement best describes the cell theory? a. all living organisms grow and develop b. all living organisms can form a population of organisms that is able to adapt to the environment c. all living organism can move from one place to another in order to find food or to escape predators d. all living organisms respond to stimuli e. all living organisms are composed of basic units called cells

e. all living organisms are composed of basic units called cells

which stratagey is most effective for a larger cells to have an effective surface area to volume ration? a. locomotion b. having a thinner plasma membrane c. having thin, finger-like projections d. having a completely spherical shape e. being short and fat

c. having thin, finger-like projections

the primary purpose of homeostasis is to: a. maintain a constant internal environment b. convert an organism to live in a harmful environment c. allow unrestricted movement of an organism d. accept responses to stimuli e provide unlimited growth within an organism

a. maintain a constant internal environment

what chemical property is represented in the figure above *see image* a. dehydration synthesis b. hydrolysis c. condensation d. protein synthesis e. denaturation

b. hydrolysis

plants lack organ systems for disposing of toxic metabolic waste products. their cells vacuoles are like what animal cell organelle? a. endoplasmic reticulum b. lysosomes c. chloroplasts d. nucleolus e. mitochondria

b. lysosomes

in living organisms chemical reactions responsible for growth, repair, and nutrition are collectively referred to a. development b. metabolism c. homeostasis d. genetics e. adaptations

b. metabolism

all of the members of the same species occupying the same area at the same time constitute a(n) a. ecosystem b. population c. biosphere d. individual e. community

b. population

an atom X contains 14 protons, 13 electrons, and 12 neutrons, and atom Y contains 14 protons, 14 electrons, and 12 neutrons. What can you conclude? a. Y is an ion but X is not b. X and Y are isotopes of the same element c. X and Y are atoms of the same element d. X and Y are both ions e. X and Y both have filled valence shells

c. X and Y are atoms of the same element

what are the units of hereditary information a. RNA b. hormones c. genes d. nucleotides e. proteins

c. genes

use the compound above to answer the following question: which of th four macromolecules is shown in the image above? * see picture* a. nucleic acid b. carbohydrate c.lipid d. protein e. none of the above

d. protein

which of the following is key component of the cytoskeleton? a. endoplasmic reticulum b. ribosomes c. DNA d. centrosome e. microtubules

e. Microtubules

the smooth ER is the primary site for the synthesis of phospholipids and cholesterol needed to make _____ a. DNA b. ribosomes c. hormones d. ATP e. cell membranes

e. cell membrane

if a toxin, such as a bacterial toxin, destroys ribosomes, what cellular activity will be affected first? a. DNA synthesis b. energy storage c. active transport d. movement e. protein synthesis

e. protein synthesis

on a scientific expedition into new territory, you discover undescribed organism living within the very hot environment of a geyser. the organism has a cell wall composed of pseudopeptidogylcan, is single celled, heterotrophic and has no true nucleus. in what domain would you most likely place this organism? a. archaea b. eukarya c. bacteria d. not enough information to tell

a. archaea

what represents the most basic level of chemical organization? a. atom b. molecule c. tissue d. organism e. cell

a. atom

intermediate filaments are most closely associated with which of the following? a. keratins b. myosin c. microvilli d. pseudopodia e. actin

a. keratins

what two organelles are both responsible for converting energy into forms that can be used by cells? a. mitochondria and chloroplasts b. mitochondria and lysosomes c. mitochondria and peroxisomes d. ribosomes and chloroplasts e. lysosomes and chloroplasts

a. mitochondria and chloroplasts

what large molecules are essential in determining the structure and function of cells and tissues a. proteins b. RNA c. nucleotides d. genes e. hormones

a. proteins

which is the benefit of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction? a. the interaction of the genes from both parents brings genetic variation b. the offsprings are all identical to the parents c. there is less variation from generation to generation d. evolution will occur at a slower rate when there are two parents e. more offspring can be produced

a. the interaction of the genes from both parents brings about genetic variation

which is the property of unsaturated fats a. they are generally liquid at room temperature b. they contain more hydrogen than do saturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms c. they have fewer fatty acids per fat molecule than do saturated fats d. they have no double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids e. they are more common in animals

a. they are generally liquid at room temperature

the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope is continuous with the membrane of the _____ and is usually covered with attached ribosomes? a. cell wall b. endoplasmic reticulum c. plasma membrane d. nucleolus e. chromatin

b. endoplasmic reticulum

which statement concerning a scientific theory is FALSE? a. it is based on a number of hypotheses b. it is unchangeable c. is it supported by many observations d. it may suggest practical applications

b. it is unchangeable

a base is defined as a(n) _____ aceptor a. anion b. proton c. neutron d. cation e. electron

b. proton

why can table salt (NaCl) dissolve easily in water? a. water is polar and salt is nonpolar. nonpolar compoundds are more soluble in polar solvents because they are able to form strong covalent bonds that result in a breaking up of the molecule being dissolved b. the partial positive charge of the hydrogens in the water molecule can associate with the negative charge of the chloride ion, and the partial negative charge of the oxygen of the water molecule can associate with the positive charge of the sodium atom c. water can form covalent linkages with salt molecules d. water can add electrons to the sodium ion e. water can remove electrons from the chloride ion, which causes the latter to dissolve from the sodium and dissolve

b. the partial positive charge of the hydrogens in the water molecule can associate with the negative charge of the chloride ion, and the partial negative charge of the oxygen of the water molecule can associate with the positive charge of the sodium atom

what statement best describes "biology"? a. the study of natural selection b. the science of life c. the measurement of populations d. the naming of organisms e. the study of how organisms are related to one another

b. the science of life

why is it advantageous for cells to be small? a. a small cell size occupies less space in nature where space is limited b. a small cell is better able to conserve energy than a larger cell c. a small cell has a small volume relative to surface area, thereby increasing efficient transport d. a small cell size prevents a cell from weighing to much e. a small cell has a small surface area relative to volume, thereby facilitating ion balance

c. a small cell has a small volume relative to surface area, thereby increasing efficient transport

when a small amount of hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added to a solution of Na2HPO4, the pH of the solution does not change markedly. the pH also does not change drastically when a small amount of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is added to the same solution. based on these observations, the compoun Na2HPO4 is: a. able to donate hydrogen atoms to HCl b. acting as a solvent c. acting as a buffer d. able to remove hydrogen ions from the OH- of NaOH e. an enzyme facilitating the reactions between HCl and NaOH

c. acting as a buffer

evidence that all living cells have common origin is best illustrated by the: a. cell theory, which states that the cell is the basic unit of life b. idea that cells are the smallest units that can carry out life activites c. basic similarities in cell structure and chemistry d. fact that cells are building blocks of the most complex plants e. fact that all new cells come from previously existing cells

c. basic similarities in cell structure and chemistry

if tyrosine and isoleucine, two amino acids, undergo condensation, where does the new bond form? *see picture* a. between carbon of the carboxyl group and the hydrogen of the R group b. between carbon of the carboxyl group and the hydrogen of the amino acid c. between carob of the carboxyl group and the nitrogen of the amino acid d. between the oxygen of the R group and the hydrogen of the amino group e. between carbon of the R group and the nitrogen of the amino group

c. between carbon of the carboxyl group and the nitrogen of the amino group

which organelle can be considered a sorting, processing and packaging center? a. centriole b. vacuole c. golgi complex d. centrosome e. endoplasmic reticulum

c. golgi complex

you place equal numbers of dark and light varieties of feeder crickets into a terrarium containing a species of lizard. after two days, you notice that the dark variety of the crickets was less common that the variety. What process is taking place on the small scale with in the terrarium? a. evolution b. reproduction c. natural selection d. speciation

c. natural selection

isotopes differ from each other with respect to the number of: a. electrons only b. protons only c. neutrons only d. both protons and electrons e. both neutrons and protons

c. neutrons only

isotopes from each other with respect to the number of: a. electrons only b. protons only c. neutrons d. both protons and electrons e. both neutrons and protons

c. neutrons only

which description illustrates the tertiary structure of a protein molecule? a. folding of a peptide chain to form an alpha helix b. order in which amino acids are joined in a peptide chain c. three-dimensional shape of an individual polypeptide chain d. association of several polypeptide chains by weak bonds e. bonding of two amino acids to form a dipeptide

c. three-dimensional shape of an individual polypeptide chain

which statement best summarizes the differences between RNA and DNA? a. DNA is a polymer and RNA is a monomer b. DNA is a protein and DNA is a nucleic acid c. DNA is a primary energy currency of all cells d. DNA compromises the genes, while RNA is a direct participant in the process of protein synthesis e. RNA is a single-stranded form of DNA

d. DNA compromises the genes, while RNA is a direct participant in the process of protein synthesis

what differentiates and organic compound from an inorganic compound? a. an organic compound is basic rather than acidic b. an organic compound lacks valence electrons c. an organic compound lacks isotopes d. an organic compound contains two or more carbon atoms e. an organic compound contains two or more atoms

d. an organic compound contains two or more carbon atoms

use the compound above to answer the following question: what properties does the functional group in the box gives the the molecule? a. it makes the molecule acidic b. it makes the molecule basic c. it makes the molecule polar d. both A and C e. both B and C

d. both A and C

which pair matches the correct macromolecule with the bond that joints its subunits? a. polysaccharide-peptide bond b. protein-ester linkage c. triacylglycerol-glycosidic linkage d. nucleic acid-phosphodiester linkage e. steroid-petide bond

d. nucleic acid-phosphosiester linkage

use the compound above to answer the following question: what time of bond is the arrow pointing to? *see image* a. ester bond b. glycosidic linkage c. phosphodiester d. peptide bond

d. peptide bond

what type of bond is formed if one atom is more electronegative that the other atom? a. nonpolar covalent b. van der waals c. covalent d. polar covalent e. hydrogen

d. polar covalent

which functional group forms bridges to help stabilize a protein's quaternary structure? a. phosphate b. amino c. hydroxyl d. sulfhydryl e. carbonyl

d. sulfhydryl

7. a molecule of a saturated triacylglycerol contains: a. fatty acid chains with both amino and carboxyl groups b. the maximum number of double bonds between carbons in the fatty acid chains c. the maximum number of triple bonds between carbons in the fatty acid chains d. the maximum number of hydrogen atoms in the fatty acid chains e. alternating single and double bonds between carbons in the fatty acid chains

d. the maximum number of hydrogen atoms in the fatty acid chains

Nitrogen has five election in its valence shell. how many electrons does it need to gain to complete its valence shell? a. eight b. two c.one d. seven e. three

e. three

which substance correctly identifies as reactant in the following chemical equation? CO2+H2O<------> H2CO3 a. carbonic acid b. carbon c. oxygen d. hydrogen e. water

e. water