BIO 215 Exam 2 CH. 3, 8, 15-17, 18, 21
A client tells the nurse that after a meal, she sometimes feels briefly lethargic, but it resolves and she has normal energy levels again. The nurse can best explain this phenomenon by making which of the following statements? "After you eat a meal, there is a slight drop in your blood sugar so your body releases glucose to restore your energy levels to normal." "After you eat a meal, there is a slight drop in your blood sugar so you produce more saliva to stabilize you." "After you eat a meal, there is a slight rise in your blood sugar that causes your body to increase production of bile to lower or normalize your blood sugar." "After you eat a meal, your body has a slight drop in your blood sugar which causes your body to release glucagon, restoring your energy to normal levels."
"After you eat a meal, your body has a slight drop in your blood sugar which causes your body to release glucagon, restoring your energy to normal levels."
A client has asked the nurse to explain the glycemic index. Which of the following is the nurse's best response? "It is a comparison made between the blood glucose response caused by 25 g of pure glucose and 25 g of regular food." "Consecutive blood glucose levels are drawn after eating 25 g of regular food and compared to a chart on blood glucose levels after eating 25 g of sucrose." "Consecutive blood glucose levels are drawn after eating 50 g of pure sucrose and compared to blood glucose levels after eating 50 g of regular food." "It is a comparison between the blood glucose response caused by 50 g of pure glucose and 50 g of regular food."
"It is a comparison between the blood glucose response caused by 50 g of pure glucose and 50 g of regular food."
The nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative day 2 after oral surgery. The client asks why he needs a mechanically altered diet. What is the nurses' best response? "It is a diet that contains foods that are altered from their natural consistency so it is easier to chew and swallow them." "It is a diet that will ensure you are getting optimal nutritional quality." "It is a diet that gives the choice of varying textures individualized to preference." "It is a diet that is liquefied allowing your mouth to rest so you can heal from the surgery."
"It is a diet that contains foods that are altered from their natural consistency so it is easier to chew and swallow them."
The nurse has been discussing parenteral nutrition (PN) with a group of student nurses. After the discussion, the nurse realizes more discussion is necessary when she hears one say which of the following? "Parenteral nutrition is an emergency procedure." "Parenteral nutrition should be discounted as soon as feasible." "Parenteral nutrition formula is compounded by the pharmacy." "A central line is the best method for delivery."
"Parenteral nutrition is an emergency procedure."
A client has requested ideas for menus on a low-fat diet. The nurse suggests which of the following menus? 1/2 cup of black beans with 1/3 cup of rice and tomatoes, 1 cup of salad with 1 tbsp of Italian dressing, 1/2 cup of steamed broccoli, 3/4 cup of mandarin oranges, and 1 cup of skim milk 3 oz of broiled chicken breast, 1/2 cup of baked potato with 1 tsp of margarine, 1/2 cup of steamed broccoli, and 1 cup of hot tea 3 oz of broiled steak, 1/2 cup of brown rice, 1 cup of green salad with 1 tbsp of low-fat ranch dressing, 1/2 cup of fresh strawberries, and 1 cup of steamed spinach 3 oz of tuna mixed with lettuce, tomato slices, chopped onions, grated carrots and 2 tbsp of Thousand Island dressing, 2 slices of whole wheat bread with 1 tbsp of butter, 2 oz of cheddar cheese sticks, and 1 cup of whole milk
1/2 cup of black beans with 1/3 cup of rice and tomatoes, 1 cup of salad with 1 tbsp of Italian dressing, 1/2 cup of steamed broccoli, 3/4 cup of mandarin oranges, and 1 cup of skim milk
The nurse is admitting a new client to the unit. The client is 17 years old and weighs 120 pounds. What is her basal metabolic rate (BMR) using the rule-of-thumb guideline? 600 900 1200 1800
1200
The nurse is counseling a male client with a BMI of 31.8 about decreasing his caloric intake. What would be the best level of caloric intake for this client? 1000 to 1200 cal/day 1100 to 1500 cal/day 1200 to 1600 cal/day 1300 to 1700 cal/day
1200 to 1600 cal/day
The client is beginning an exercise program for the health benefits and to aid in preventing weight gain. How many minutes per week should the client plan on performing moderate-intensity physical activity to meet the recommended number of minutes? 60 minutes/week 90 minutes/week 120 minutes/week 150 minutes/week
150
The nurse is counseling a young female adult who needs approximately 2000 cal/day to maintain her weight. The client has set a goal to lose 1 pound per week. The nurse should recommend that the client instead, consume how many calories per day to achieve her goal? 1000 cal/day 1500 cal/day 1600 cal/day 1800 cal/day
1500 cal/day
The nurse is admitting a healthy, 25-year-old male to the unit for outpatient knee surgery. During the nutrition assessment, it is determined that he weighs 78.2 kg. Using the rule-of-thumb guideline for calculating BMR, what is the approximate BMR of this client? 860 1720 1892 2580
1892
The nurse is admitting a gentleman who weighs 75 kg and is 6 ft 6 in tall. What is this client's body mass index? 17 19 21 25
19
The client is a 25-year-old female student being seen for a physical examination. If this client is 5 ft 4 in tall and weighs 125 pounds, what is her BMI? 17 19 21 23
21
The nurse is teaching a nutrition class on how to estimate the total number of calories expended by a person per day according to the rule-of-thumb formula. What is the estimated total calorie expenditure for a 160-pound man who does little activity? 1920 2112 2288 3220
2112
A woman is being admitted to the outpatient surgery department. The nurse discovers she weighs 130 pounds and is 5 ft 5 in tall. What is her body mass index? 15 17 19 22
22
The nurse is helping a client develop some menus based on a 1200-calorie low fat diet. Which of the following is the better option based on the 1200 cal/day? 3 oz of baked chicken breast, 1 cup of strawberries, 1.5 cups of steamed broccoli, and 4 oz of rice pilaf 2 oz of hamburger patty, 1 cup of cottage cheese, 1 cup of skim milk, 1 cup of mixed vegetables, and 2 slices of sourdough bread 1.5 cups of corn, 1.5 cups of watermelon, 1 cup of milk, and 4 oz of buffalo chicken wings 1 cup of green beans, 1 cup of raw carrot and celery sticks, 1 cup of raspberries with 1 teaspoon of honey, and 5 oz of fried chicken strips
3 oz of baked chicken breast, 1 cup of strawberries, 1.5 cups of steamed broccoli, and 4 oz of rice pilaf
When providing nutrition therapy for a client who has a diagnosis of bulimia nervosa, which lunch would be best for an 18-year-old client who is being treated for bulimia? 6 oz of chicken noodle soup, 6 saltine crackers with 2 tbsp of butter, 3/4 cup of ice cream, and 12 oz of diet soda 3 oz of hamburger, lettuce leaf, tomato slice, 1 slice of onion, 1 oz of processed cheese, 1 hamburger bun, 6 oz of French fries, and one 8-oz strawberry milkshake 6 chicken nuggets, 1/4 cup of ketchup, 4 oz cup of applesauce, and one 4 in. slice of pumpkin pie with whipped cream 3 oz of grilled swordfish, 1/2 cup of steamed broccoli, 1/2 cup of rice pilaf, and 4 oz of hot tea
3 oz of grilled swordfish, 1/2 cup of steamed broccoli, 1/2 cup of rice pilaf, and 4 oz of hot tea
MyPlate recommends Americans limit their intake of solid fats and added sugars to no more than 15% of total caloric intake. The nurse is seeing a client who reports he eats 2500 calories per day. What is the maximum recommended amount of caloric intake from sugar the client should consume in one day? 250 cal/day 375 cal/day 500 cal/day 625 cal/day
375 cal/day
The client is meeting with the nurse to discuss starting a weight loss program. The nurse explains that calories come from the foods we eat and the liquids we drink. The nurse should inform the client that there are how many calories per gram in carbohydrates? 4 cal/g 7 cal/g 9 cal/g 12 cal/g
4 cal/g
When assisting a client prepare a meal plan that includes liquid supplementation, a nurse knows the supplement will provide how much protein content on average? 30 g/L 15 g/L 45 g/L 20 g/L
45 g/L
The clinic nurse is teaching clients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes about diet and weight control. To assess if teaching has been effective, the nurse gives the client an exercise in which he must calculate the number of calories in a tablespoon of jelly that contains 13 g of carbohydrates, no protein, and no fat. What is the correct number of calories in the jelly? 26 calories 39 calories 52 calories 65 calories
52 calories
The American Heart Association (AHA) recommended which of the following limits of added sugar intake for adults to help prevent disease? 6 teaspoonfuls for women; 9 teaspoonfuls for men 8 teaspoonfuls for men; 6 teaspoonfuls for women 6 teaspoonfuls for men; 10 teaspoonfuls for women 4 teaspoonfuls for women; 6 teaspoonfuls for men
6 teaspoonfuls for women; 9 teaspoonfuls for men
The nurse is teaching a nutrition class, and the subject for today is the basal metabolic rate (BMR). What percentage range would the nurse tell the students the BMR accounts for in the total energy requirements for most people? 10% 25% 60% 75%
60%
Partially hydrolyzed formulas are made for people with impaired digestion or absorption. A client with which of the following deficiencies would be a suitable candidate for this type of formula? A client who cannot breakdown whole proteins A client who cannot tolerate amino acids A client who requires only dipeptides A client who cannot tolerate tripeptides
A client who cannot breakdown whole proteins
Transnasal, or nasogastric (NG), feeding would be most appropriate for which client? A middle-aged man with a functional gastrointestinal (GI) tract, poor appetite, and thermal injuries An elderly comatose woman who has had a stroke An elderly woman with Alzheimer disease who is confused and agitated An alcoholic with severe acute pancreatitis
A middle-aged man with a functional gastrointestinal (GI) tract, poor appetite, and thermal injuries
It is important for good health that an individual consume enough of all nutrients to meet the needs of the body. If there is insufficient intake for the energy needs of the body, then the body is in what? A negative energy balance A positive energy balance A negative calorie balance A positive caloric balance
A negative calorie balance
The nurse is working with a client who voices the desire to lose weight. When providing education about intake, the nurse should begin by explaining that a person who consistently consumes too many calories will be in which of the following? A negative caloric balance A positive energy balance A negative energy balance A positive caloric balance
A positive energy balance
The nurse is teaching a high school health class on diet and exercise. Which of the following statements can she truthfully make? As the intensity of activity increases, the proportion of energy used increases. As the duration of activity increases, the proportion of fat used decreases. Physically fit people use more energy and store more fat. During the first 1 to 2 minutes of exercise, stored fat is the primary fuel.
As the intensity of activity increases, the proportion of energy used increases.
BMI is now being used to determine obesity; however, its use is not without controversy. Research has shown that ethnic differences exist in the relationship between BMI and health risks. Which ethnic group has been shown that the health risks of obesity can occur at a BMI lower than 30? Asian Americans Black Americans Hispanic Americans Native Americans
Asian Americans
People with phenylketonuria (PKU) should avoid which nonnutritive sweetener? Aspartame Saccharin Acesulfame K Sucralose
Aspartame
The nurse has been caring for a client in ICU who is receiving enteral nutrition (EN) via continuous drip method into the intestine. The nurse knows this enteral feeding method has been ordered because this client is at risk for which of the following problems? Dumping syndrome Constipation Aspiration Sepsis
Aspiration
When providing teaching to a client recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the nurse can determine that teaching was effective if the client verbalizes that the caloric value of fiber is which of the following? Between 1 cal/g and 2 cal/g Between 1.5 cal/g and 2.5 cal/g Between 2 cal/g and 3 cal/g Between 2.5 cal/g and 3.5 cal/g
Between 1.5 cal/g and 2.5 cal/g
A client who is trying to reduce his blood pressure to prevent further cardiovascular risk is seeing the clinic nurse to plan his weight loss. Which of the following information should the nurse share with the client to keep the client motivated? Cardiovascular risk is reduced when 10% of body weight is lost. Blood pressure can improve with a 5% reduction of body weight. Cardiovascular risk is reduced when 15% of body weight is lost. Blood pressure can improve with a 20% loss of body weight.
Blood pressure can improve with a 5% reduction of body weight.
The nurse is working with a group of older adults to help them develop goals to achieve an optimal weight. The nurse provides information regarding current, evidence-informed practice for calculating ideal body weight. In doing so, the nurse will discuss which of the following? Body mass index Basal metabolic rate Desirable weight chart Kilogram/meter calculations
Body mass index
Of the following, what food would the nurse recommend to a client that may help prevent constipation? Brown rice Puffed rice Oranges Lettuce
Brown rice
The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for carbohydrates is based on the minimum amount of glucose used to fuel the brain. Compare this with the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR). What is the suggested carbohydrate intake put forth by the AMDR? Carbohydrates should make up 25% to 50% of total dietary calories. Carbohydrates should make up 45% to 65% of total dietary calories. Carbohydrates should make up 50% to 75% of total dietary calories. Carbohydrates should make up 65% to 85% of total dietary calories.
Carbohydrates should make up 45% to 65% of total dietary calories.
The local community center is offering a class for clients with a BMI greater than 35. The community center plans to provide a selection of foods to create nutritional menu plans for a 3-day period. One of the criteria for the nutritional menu is to include a whole-grain food at least two times a day. Which of the following is an example of a whole-grain food? Cheerios Corn flakes Puffed wheat Rice Krispies
Cheerios
Lactose is composed of glucose and galactose and is a naturally occurring carbohydrate. Unfortunately, many individuals cannot tolerate lactose and develop gastrointestinal symptoms after ingesting it. These individuals would do best eating what dairy food? Milk Cheese Yogurt Butter
Cheese
The nurse has a client who is receiving her nourishment via a transnasal tube. The client is receiving an intact formula. The nurse is aware that his client is receiving which of the following? Disease-specific amino acids High-protein, low-calorie formula Complex molecules of protein Individualized formula for client needs
Complex molecules of protein
Research consistently demonstrates that sugar is implicated in the development of which of the following health complications? Obesity Dental caries Heart disease Diabetes mellitus
Dental caries
Polyols or sugar alcohols are one of the alternatives to naturally occurring sugar that are used widely in the American diet. Consuming large amounts of polyols is most likely to cause which of the following symptoms? Diarrhea Constipation Elevated serum glucose levels Nausea
Diarrhea
The nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving a hypertonic enteral formula. Which of the following side effects from this type of formula should the nurse anticipate? Vomiting Diarrhea Lactose intolerance Hyperglycemia
Diarrhea
The National Academy of Sciences has put forth a recommendation to replace the terms "insoluble" and "soluble" with terms more descriptive of the physiologic benefits of particular fibers. What term has been suggested for intact and naturally occurring plant fiber? Functional fiber Dietary fiber Total fiber True fiber
Dietary fiber
The nurse educator discusses distribution of body fat is the most likely indicator of which of the following? Obesity Disease risk Chronic disease process Body composition
Disease risk
On ways to increase fiber intake, which of the following recommendations should the nurse make to a client with a diagnosis of chronic constipation? Drink orange juice instead of orange drink. Eat legumes two or three times per week. Eat cream of wheat instead of white toast. Eat pretzels instead of potato chips.
Eat legumes two or three times per week.
Intravenous fat or lipids are usually given separately from parenteral nutrition (PN). What allergy would make lipids contraindicated in a client? Egg Milk Peanuts Soy
Egg
A client is at the clinic for a routine checkup. The nurse is asked how much time would have to be devoted to an exercise program to lose some weight. Which of the following is the best response to this client's question? Just increase the intensity of the activity the client is already doing. Exercise at least 300 minutes/week and adjust diet. Increase energy expenditure by 2500 or more calories per week. Reduce daily calorie intake by 350 cal/day to lose a pound a week.
Exercise at least 300 minutes/week and adjust diet.
The nurse is verifying the contents of a parenteral nutrition formula before beginning a new bag on the client. Which of the following ingredients would be a reason to call the physician and clarify the order? Dextrose Amino acids Vitamins Galactose
Galactose
The nurse is planning to teach a group of clients how to read nutritional labels to enable them to make informed choices. The nurse plans to include information about the various names that are used to identify sugars that are found in fruit, such as dextrose. What is dextrose also known as? Levulose Fructose Glucose Maltose
Glucose
Which of the following forms of carbohydrates is not found in an excreted end product of the human body? Sucrose Glucose Fructose Maltose
Glucose
The nurse is aware there is a gradual increase in the infusion rate for parental nutrition because a rapid change may lead to which of the following? Glucose level changes Protein level changes Triglyceride level changes Sodium level changes
Glucose level changes
When providing nutritional teaching to a group of clients recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the nurse should introduce which tool as the most helpful developing an effective meal planning? Glycemic load Glycemic indication Glycemic level Glycemic index
Glycemic index
A nurse is providing teaching to pregnant women with gestational diabetes. The nurse explains that some foods may quickly raise glucose levels, raise glucose levels to various amounts, and return to normal at different rates. The nurse knows this process is called which of the following? Glycemic index Glycemic indication Glycemic load Glycemic response
Glycemic response
The nurse is conducting an assessment of the 38-year-old male who is requesting assistance with weight loss. The nurse determines the client has abdominal obesity based on the waist circumference of which of the following? Greater than 30 in Greater than 35 in Greater than 40 in Greater than 45 in
Greater than 40 in
The nurse can anticipate which of the following eating strategies may be effective for clients with bulimia nervosa? Use finger foods. Eat with distractions. Avoid "forbidden" or problem foods. Have a meal plan at the start of each day
Have a meal plan at the start of each day.
If a client is overweight or obese, setting the goal of reaching the "ideal" weight may be very hard to accomplish. To achieve health benefits from weight loss, how much weight does an individual actually have to lose? Health benefits occur only when ideal body weight is achieved. Health benefits do not always occur, even if weight loss is significant, if obesity is chronic. Health benefits can be realized with only a modest weight loss. Health benefits cannot be measured.
Health benefits can be realized with only a modest weight loss.
The nurse is admitting to the unit a client who is a 42-year-old female with a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Her orders include enteral nutrition. What kind of enteral formula would the nurse expect to be ordered by the physician? Standard Hydrolyzed Standard high protein Hydrolyzed high fiber
Hydrolyzed
The nurse is working with clients at the clinic develop appropriate weight loss goals. The nurse is aware that people who store a disproportionate amount of body fat in the abdomen are at increased risk for what? Respiratory diseases Type 1 diabetes mellitus Hypolipidemia Hypertension
Hypertension
Parenteral nutrition (PN) can be infused into either a central or peripheral vein. What type of parenteral solution is infused into a central vein? Hypertonic Hypotonic Isotonic 40% isotonic, 50% hypotonic
Hypertonic
When considering the rationale for an order for a hydrolyzed formula for a client taking enteral feeds, the nurse knows the client requires this formula because the client has which of the following? Low protein needs Impaired digestion or absorption A nonfunctional gastrointestinal tract Taste fatigue from routine formulas
Impaired digestion or absorption
The nurse is teaching a basic class about nutrition to clients in a weight loss program. After discussing the process of carbohydrate digestion, the nurse recognizes teaching has been effective when the clients correctly identify which of the following as the primary site of carbohydrate digestion? In the mouth In the stomach In the small intestine In the large intestine
In the small intestine
When it comes to carbohydrate intake, the latest findings indicate that Americans should do which of the following? Decrease intake of fiber and increase their intake of complex carbohydrates. Increase intake of fiber and limit consumption of added sugars. Eat total carbohydrates consisting of 50% fiber and 50% simple sugars. Eat a diet based on plenty of fruits and vegetables and limit carbohydrates.
Increase intake of fiber and limit consumption of added sugars.
The nurse is aware that making the decision to lower calorie intake requires more than just eating less. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make to help clients meet nutritional needs without exceeding caloric limits? Increasing sugar-free foods Increasing complex carbohydrate intake Increasing nutrition density Increasing fat-free foods
Increasing nutrition density
The nurse is working with a group of clients in a weight loss clinic. The nurse recognizes that the most successful diet plan is which of the following? Individualized diet A low-fat diet Low-carbohydrate diet Balanced diet
Individualized diet
The nurse is conducting a nutrition class when one of the clients questions the accuracy of using BMI to determine obesity. The client is surprised to see his BMI is high but he does not feel he is overweight. What is a drawback of using body mass index to determine obesity? It is nonthreatening. It does not take body composition into account. It requires special equipment to measure. It does not take diet into account.
It does not take body composition into account.
The nurse knows research studies have shown which of the following about enteral nutrition? It is better than parenteral nutrition. It is beneficial even if the client can eat orally. It has no impact on the length of hospitalization. It reduces mortality.
It has no impact on the length of hospitalization.
The nurse is discussing the thermic effect of food on the body. When explaining how energy is used by the body for this purpose, which of the following information should the nurse include? It is influenced by the portions sizes of each meal. It can be precisely measured. It must be accounted for when calculating calories spent in day. It is estimated to be about 1/4 of total calorie intake.
It is influenced by the portions sizes of each meal.
The nurse is conducting client education for a 71-year-old woman. She is a resident of a long-term care facility, and the assessment indicates that she is at a high risk for malnutrition. It is noted that she is only eating about 25% of her meals. When asked why she does not eat more, she says she cannot chew very well. She has a regular diet ordered. A request is made for the physician to change the diet. What diet would best suit this client? Pureed Mechanically altered High fiber Clear liquid
Mechanically altered
The nurse is helping the client prepare for discharge after a severe case of food poisoning. The client has been tolerating his feedings and the physician would like for him to advance to a soft diet for the next week until his next office visit. Which of the following would be a possible reason for this? Minimize intestinal activity for healing purposes. Slowly replace intestinal flora. Ensure adequate hydration. To prevent rebound constipation
Minimize intestinal activity for healing purposes.
When bodily energy needs are met, excess glucose is utilized to make which of the following? Essential amino acids Nonessential amino acids Muscle Glucagon
Nonessential amino acids
Which of the following is an indication for use of parenteral nutrition (PN) in a client? Recovering stroke victim Inability to meet caloric needs for 5 days Nonfunctional gastrointestinal tract Preparing for major surgery
Nonfunctional gastrointestinal tract
The nurse is assessing the client's BMI during a routine physical examination. The client is a 19-year-old male who stands 6 ft tall and weighs 235 pounds. The nurse determines the client falls into which BMI category? Healthy weight Overweight Obesity class 1 Obesity class 2
Obesity class 1
A client is found to have a BMI of 37. This indicates the client is in which weight category? Obesity class 1 Obesity class 2 Obesity class 3 Obesity class 4
Obesity class 2
The nurse is conducting an educational session about overweight and obesity. When discussing the complications associated with obesity, which of the following should the nurse be certain to include? Obstructive sleep apnea Kidney stones Intestinal polyps Seizure disorders
Obstructive sleep apnea
A person's body mass index (BMI) provides data regarding the relative level of health associated with a person's weight range. Someone with a BMI of 25 would be considered which of the following? Underweight Of normal weight Overweight Obese
Overweight
The nurse is caring for a client who is being transitioned from enteral feeding to parenteral feeding. The client asks why the primary health-care provider made this decision. The nurse knows which of the following is the rationale for this change in the client's plan of care? Paralytic ileus due to peritonitis Decreased costs for formula Easier to give medications via PN tube Decreased risk of further infection
Paralytic ileus due to peritonitis
When preparing resources to help clients understand portion control, which of the following widely used terms should the nurse include to describe the American phenomenon of "super-sized" portions? Portion distortion Portion identity Increased appetite Increased hunger
Portion distortion
The nurse is caring for a client with a paralytic ileus who has been on parenteral nutrition for 4 days. The nurse would know to monitor the client for which of the following? Hypervitaminosis D Renal failure Refeeding Bloating syndrome
Refeeding
The nurse is teaching a nutrition class of nursing students regarding several different types of diets. Which of the following diets should the nurse discuss for clients who require adjusted sodium and potassium in the diet? Modified diet Renal diet High-fiber diet Diabetic diet
Renal diet
The client is interested in starting an exercise program that will provide the most benefit. What type of exercise is known to raise the metabolic rate? Intense aerobic exercise Low-impact aerobic exercise Flexibility exercise Resistance exercise
Resistance exercise
A client has been instructed by a health-care provider to take liquid supplements. Which of the following suggestions should the nurse make to help the clients tolerate the supplement? Serve them at room temperatures. Serve them cold. Serve them as dessert. Serve them unflavored.
Serve them cold.
During clinical teaching, the nurse educator is asked to explain the difference between standard and hydrolyzed formulas. Which of the following explanations is correct? Standard formulas have only free amino acids as their source of protein, whereas completely hydrolyzed formulas contain whole proteins. Hydrolyzed formulas have soybean oil added and standard formulas do not. Standard formulas include everything the client needs nutritionally, whereas hydrolyzed formulas are lacking in calcium and potassium. Standard formulas have whole proteins, whereas completely hydrolyzed formulas contain only free amino acids as their source of protein.
Standard formulas have whole proteins, whereas completely hydrolyzed formulas contain only free amino acids as their source of protein.
The nurse is discussing enteral and parenteral nutrition with a class of graduate nurses. They are asked to devise an appropriate feeding schedule for a client on gastric enteral nutrition. Which of the following would be expected to be seen on their feeding schedule? Start feeding at 10 to 40 mL/hour and advance by 10 to 20 mL/hour every 3 to 12 hours until the maximum rate of 125 mL/hour is reached. Start feeding at 10 to 25 mL/hour and advance by 5 to 15 mL/hour every 4 to 8 hours until the maximum rate of 125 mL/hour is reached. Start feeding at 50 to 75 mL/hour and advance by 10 to 25 mL/hour every 4 to 8 hours until the maximum rate of 150 mL/hour is reached. Start feeding at 50 to 75 mL/hour and advance by 5 to 15 mL/hour every 12 to 24 hours until the maximum rate of 175 mL/hour is reached.
Start feeding at 10 to 40 mL/hour and advance by 10 to 20 mL/hour every 3 to 12 hours until the maximum rate of 125 mL/hour is reached.
The nurse is speaking to an exercise class when one of the participants asks, "Why should I do strength training?" Which of the following would be the best response to this question? In strength training, warm-up and cool-down periods are not required. Strength training gives you a really good body. Strength training improves bone density. Strength training decreases the metabolic rate.
Strength training improves bone density.
A client in a nutrition class is concerned about constipation and not having enough fiber in his diet. What would be the best response to this client to increase fiber intake? Substitute legumes for meat protein sources. Eat cooked vegetables more often than raw vegetables. Bake foods more often than fried foods. Eat small, frequent meals throughout the day.
Substitute legumes for meat protein sources.
It is well recognized that most Americans have become more sedentary than in the past. A sedentary lifestyle increases the risk for various diseases and complications. Experimental studies have shown that prolonged sitting can lead to which of the following? Suppression of insulin activity in the muscles A decreased risk for osteoporosis An increased use of stored fat for energy An increase in the discomfort related to menopause
Suppression of insulin activity in the muscles
The nurse is explaining to the client that at rest, the body uses energy that is included in the basal metabolic rate (BMR). What is the BMR? The caloric cost of day-to-day activities The caloric cost of mild activity The caloric cost of staying alive The caloric cost of studying
The caloric cost of staying alive
The nurse is providing education to the family members of a client who is receiving a standard enteral formula. The nurse knows this formula is suitable for this client for which of the following reasons? The client has constipation. The client has diarrhea. The client has used formulas for a long time. The client was on bowel rest.
The client was on bowel rest.
When explaining to the family members of a client who requires parenteral nutrition (PN) why the client requires a central venous catheter, what can the nurse tell the family is the difference between peripheral and central vein (PN)? The dextrose content is greater than 10%. The client does not require a nutritionally complete solution. The client is receiving short-term parenteral nutrition. Medications need to be added to the solution.
The dextrose content is greater than 10%.
The nurse knows that refeeding syndrome is a potentially life-threatening complication that can result from parenteral nutrition for which of the following reasons? The drawing out of electrolytes from the bloodstream The resulting sharp decline in insulin The slow rate at which calories are delivered The body transitions into a catabolic state
The drawing out of electrolytes from the bloodstream
The nurse knows clear liquid diets are advanced to soft diets as the nutritional approach after surgery. When determining what does the scientific evidence show about this practice, what information will the nurse find? There is a lot of scientific evidence to support it. Skipping this step in refeeding puts the client at risk for nutritional complications. There is little scientific evidence to support it. It is a necessary nutritional step in progressive refeeding of the client.
There is little scientific evidence to support it.
Commercially prepared liquid formulas are often used to supplement other oral diets. When providing client education, the nurse should tell the client that one of the characteristics of commercially prepared routine liquid supplements is which of the following? They are lactose free. They are fat free. They are not available in grocery stores. They are high in residue.
They are lactose free.
The nurse is asked to discuss weight loss drugs to a group of bariatric clients. Which of the following information should the nurse include regarding phentermine/topiramate? It works by making the body think it is full. It is approved for approximately 6 months of use. Tolerance may develop after only a few weeks. It is a peripheral nervous system drug.
Tolerance may develop after only a few weeks.
The nurse is meeting with a client who currently has no health concerns and has a history of unsuccessful restrictive dieting for being overweight. The nurse knows the most effective way for the client to control weight and sustain good health is which of the following? Bariatric surgical intervention Removing carbohydrates from the diet Using a nondiet approach to weight control Counting daily intake of fat
Using a nondiet approach to weight control
The nurse is assessing a client who is postoperative. The client is prescribed a clear liquid diet. When asked about nutritional quality of this type of diet, the nurse can tell the client the diet contains a good source of which of the following vitamins? Vitamin A Vitamin E Vitamin C Vitamin D
Vitamin C
A nurse is conducting a weight management class at a local clinic for clients who have lost weight and are now trying to maintain a healthy BMI. Which of the following statements indicate the class understands the guidelines? We should eat two or more servings of whole grains every day. We should eat two or more servings of whole grains every week. We should eat whole-grain products at least once a day. We can eat both whole-grain and enriched refined-grain products in moderation.
We should eat two or more servings of whole grains every day.
The nurse is helping a client try to understand why the family is now putting on weight after a recent move from another country. The nurse suggests which of the following may be contributing to this problem? Weight gain is dependent on an obesogenic environment. Weight gain is determined by family genetics. Weight gain is short term and related to the recent move. Weight gain is not concerning unless it becomes obesity.
Weight gain is dependent on an obesogenic environment.
The nurse is a member of a panel discussing the optimal type of weight loss diet. When the panel members ask the audience what the most important thing to remember about weight loss is, which of the following responses indicates the discussion was effective? Weight loss is dependent on the source of the calories consumed. Weight loss is dependent on the nutritional content of the calories consumed. Weight loss is dependent on the amount of the calories consumed. Weight loss depends on the meal at which the calories are consumed.
Weight loss is dependent on the amount of the calories consumed.
Drugs are available to aid in weight loss, but they are not for everyone. When is a person a candidate for drug therapy in the treatment of obesity? When a man's waist is 35 in. or more When the person has not been able to lose weight any other way When a BMI is 30 or greater When the person can maintain a 1500-calorie diet for at least 1 month
When a BMI is 30 or greater
A client has been working with the nurse to improve her diet and lose weight. When assisting the client create a meal plan, the client requires a dairy source that is relatively low in carbohydrates in order to include more whole grains. Which of the following foods should be included? Whole milk, 8 oz Strawberry yogurt, 8 oz Chocolate milk, 8 oz Real fruit frozen yogurt, 8 oz
Whole milk, 8 oz
The nurse is assessing a young adult who states she has stopped eating carbohydrates completely to "take off inches of fat." The nurse identifies that the client may be at risk for knowledge deficit. Which of the following teaching points should the nurse share with the client? "Fat burning can happen completely because it draws on the body's store of glucagon." "Fat burning stops too quickly, and fat is excreted in the body's waste." "Fat can be completely burned even if carbohydrates are not eaten, but the body stores calories from protein." "Fat burning stops too quickly if enough glucose is not available in the body."
fat burning stops too quickly if enough glucose is not available in the body