Bio Ch 13

The response of a population to environmental pressure so that advantageous traits become more common in the population over time is called _____. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. fitness evolution natural selection adaptation interplay

adaptation

The change in allele frequencies in a population over time is called _____. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. interplay adaptation natural selection fitness evolution

evolution

Which of these is a harmful bacterium? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. Lactobacilli Bifidobacteria Salmonella none of these

salmonella

An organism's fitness depends on its environment. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. true false

true

Even though mutation rates for bacteria and humans are identical, bacteria are able to adapt more quickly to their environment than are humans. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. true false

true

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria have _____ fitness in the presence of antibiotics. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. very low medium medium high low very high

very high

Experts estimate that approximately _____ of the U.S. population (nearly 90 million people) is colonized by S. aureus. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. 20%−30% 30%−40% 40%−50% 50%−60% 60%−70%

30%-40%

An antibiotic-resistant allele confers a fitness cost. What would you predict about the growth of the bacteria with the resistant allele compared to the growth of bacteria without the sensitive allele in the presence or absence of antibiotics? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. Both strains will reproduce equally well in both conditions. The resistant strain will have the highest fitness in both conditions. The sensitive strain will have the highest fitness in both conditions. The sensitive strain will have the highest fitness in the absence of antibiotic, and the resistant strain will have the highest fitness in the presence of antibiotic. The resistant strain will have the highest fitness in the absence of antibiotic, and the sensitive strain will have the highest fitness in the presence of antibiotic.

The sensitive strain will have the highest fitness in the absence of antibiotic, and the resistant strain will have the highest fitness in the presence of antibiotic.

S. aureus can be transferred from person to person by _____. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. direct contact with contaminated skin the use of soap and towels contaminated surfaces all of these

all of these

Which group is at high risk group for MRSA? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. children in day care centers individuals confined mainly to hospitals individuals on military bases all of these

all of these

Which situation puts a healthy person at greater risk for a MRSA infection? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. undergoing a medical procedure that weakens the immune system undergoing a procedure that causes a break in the skin being a child whose immune system is still maturing being elderly all of these

all of these

reating and preventing infections by antibiotic-resistant bacteria can be accomplished by _____. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. reducing antibiotics in livestock feed washing hands frequently disinfecting common surfaces researching new vaccines all of these

all of these

A type of asexual reproduction in which one parent cell divides into two is called _____. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. binary fission mitosis sexual longitudinal fission fusion

binary fussion

If you carry staph of any strain but aren't sick, you are _____. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. infected colonized resistant healthy immunocompromised

colonized

Where is MRSA most likely to be a problem? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. in nasal passages on the surface of the skin on your fingernails in the bloodstream The presence of MRSA in any of these locations indicates a problem.

in the blood stream

Which hypothetical antibiotic would treat bacterial infections by interfering with bacterial reproduction? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. one that decreases cell membrane synthesis one that changes one of the proteins on the cell membrane one that enhances DNA replication one that strengthens bacterial cell walls one that enhances protein synthesis

one that decreases cell membrane synthesis

Staphlococcus aureus is a spherical bacterium that can cause: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. pimples. boils. wound infections. pimples and boils. pimples, boils, and wound infections.

pimples, boils, and wound infections

A group of organisms of the same species living together in the same geographic area is called a(n) _____. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. aggregate group colony population cluster

population

n humans, very large birth weight babies and very tiny babies do not survive as well as midrange babies. What kind of selection is acting on human birth weight? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. directional selection diversifying selection random selection stabilizing selection none of these

stabilizing selection

What is the environmental pressure in the case of antibiotic resistance? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. how strong or weak the bacterial cell walls are the growth rate of the bacteria the relative fitness of different bacteria the presence or absence of antibiotics in the environment the temperature of the environment

the presence or absence of antibiotics in the environment

Your physician had prescribed a β-lactam antibiotic for your sister. Your sister took biology in high school and is refusing to take the antibiotic because she says that it will affect osmosis in her cells. Which reason can you use to help your sister understand how the antibiotic will work? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. β-lactam can't change osmosis in human cells because osmosis doesn't happen in human cells. β-lactam affects bacterial cell walls, and it can't affect human cells because they do not have cell walls. Your sister is correct; she should not take the antibiotic. The antibiotic protects human cells by strengthening the cell walls, which does not change osmosis, but is a positive affect for her body.

β-lactam affects bacterial cell walls, and it can't affect human cells because they do not have cell walls