Bio chapter five homework

Which of these is exhibiting kinetic energy? A. the high-energy phosphate bonds of a molecule of ATP B. a rock on a mountain ledge C. a space station orbiting Earth D. a person sitting on a couch while watching TV E. an archer with a flexed bow

a space station orbiting Earth

The sodium-potassium pump uses energy from ATP to move sodium ions out of the cell, and potassium ions into the cell. This is an example of A. exocytosis. B. diffusion. C. passive transport. D. active transport. E. facilitated diffusion.

active transport

In your body, what process converts the chemical energy found in glucose into the chemical energy found in ATP? A. digestion B. cellular respiration C. redox D. potentiation E. anabolism

cellular respiration

The plasma membrane forms a pocket that pinches inward, forming a vesicle that contains material from outside the cell. This describes the process of A. active transport. B. endocytosis. C. exocytosis. D. passive transport. E. diffusion.

endocytosis.

"Conservation of energy" refers to the fact that _____. A. no chemical reaction is 100 percent efficient B. energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be converted from one form to another C. the entropy of the universe is always increasing D. if you conserve energy you will not be as tired E. the net amount of disorder is always increasing

energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be converted from one form to another

A molecule moves down its concentration gradient using a transport protein in the plasma membrane. This is an example of A. active transport. B. exocytosis. C. diffusion. D. facilitated diffusion. E. endocytosis.

facilitated diffusion

Which of these are by-products of cellular respiration? A. water B. ATP C. glucose and water D. ATP and water E. heat and water

heat and water

In cellular respiration, most energy is released and transferred to ATP when _____. A. high-energy electrons "fall" to lower energy levels B. low-energy C-H bonds in glucose are broken C. low-energy electrons are "raised" to higher energy levels D. high-energy C-C and C-H bonds in glucose are broken

high-energy electrons "fall" to lower energy levels

What type of reaction breaks the bonds that join the phosphate groups in an ATP molecule? A. anabolism B. dehydration synthesis C. dehydration decomposition D. hydrolysis E. entropic

hydrolysis

Endocytosis moves materials _____ a cell via _____. A. into ... membranous vesicles B. into ... a transport protein C. out of ... diffusion D. out of ... membranous vesicles E. into ... facilitated diffusion

into ... membranous vesicles

An enzyme _____. A. can bind to nearly any molecule B. is a source of energy for endergonic reactions C. increases the the activation energy of a reaction D. is a inorganic catalyst E. is an organic catalyst

is an organic catalyst

As a result of its involvement in a reaction, an enzyme _____. A. permanently alters its shape. B. is used up C. loses energy D. loses a phosphate group E. is unchanged

is unchanged

In active transport, A. molecules move across the plasma membrane by crossing the lipid bilayer directly, rather than by using a transport protein. B. a vesicle inside the cell fuses with the plasma membrane and releases its contents outside the cell. C. no energy input is required from the cell. D. the plasma membrane forms a pocket that pinches inward, forming a vesicle that contains material from outside the cell. E. molecules move across the plasma membrane against their concentration gradient.

molecules move across the plasma membrane against their concentration gradient.

When molecules move down their concentration gradient, they move from where they are____________ to where they are ____________________.

more concentrated, less concentrated

Which of the following is highest in chemical energy? A. one molecule of ATP B. one molecule of glucose C. one molecule of CO2 D. one molecule of H2

one molecule of glucose

What name is given to the process by which water crosses a selectively permeable membrane? A. pinocytosis B. diffusion C. passive transport D. phagocytosis E. osmosis

osmosis

Diffusion across a biological membrane is called _____________.

passive transport

A white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is an example of _____. A. facilitated diffusion B. exocytosis C. phagocytosis D. receptor-mediated endocytosis E. pinocytosis

phagocytosis

Chemical energy is a form of _____ energy. A. potential B. motion C. entropic D. kinetic E. heat

potential

Most enzymes are _____. A. minerals B. lipids C. proteins D. carbohydrates E. nucleic acids

proteins

Enzymes work by _____. A. decreasing the potential energy difference between reactant and product B. adding a phosphate group to a reactant C. increasing the potential energy difference between reactant and product D. adding energy to a reaction E. reducing activation energy

reducing activation energy

Kinetic energy is energy in motion. Potential energy is _____ energy. A. stored B. solar C. heat D. electromagnetic

stored

What name is given to the reactants in an enzymatically catalyzed reaction? A. reactors B. substrate C. active sites D. products

substrate

You can recognize the process of pinocytosis when _____. A. a receptor protein is involved B. the cell is engulfing a large particle C. the cell is engulfing extracellular fluid

the cell is engulfing extracellular fluid

Water crosses the plasma membrane A. through active transport. B. through cotransport. C. against its concentration gradient. D. using a process that requires energy from the cell. E. through facilitated diffusion or diffusion.

through facilitated diffusion or diffusion.

Energy is conserved. This means that in any system, _____. A. total energy input equals total energy output B. energy is constantly recycled C. light energy is released to replace the original input of solar energy D. high-quality energy input equals high-quality energy output

total energy input equals total energy output