bio exam 3

Which of the following is NOT an example of an innate defense?

phagocytosis.

The average pH of blood falls in a range of

slightly alkaline

During quiet breathing, inhalation

Is active and exhalation is passive.

The first phase of ventricular systole which builds pressure but does not create enough to pressure to open the semilunar valves is

Isovolumetric contaction

Which of the following represents an area expected to experience blood flow decrease during heavy exercise?

Kidneys

Tracheal cartilage is structurally in a C-Shape so that

Large masses of food can pass through the esophagus.

The chamber labeled "E" is the

Left ventricle

Which of the following is an agranular leukocyte?

Monocyte

The thickest layer of the heart is the

Myocardium

The immunity resistance that exists when you recover from a viral infection is an example of

Naturally acquired active immunity.

Passage of antibodies from mother to baby through breast milk is an example of

Naturally acquired passive immunity

The mechanism where an antibody binds to a bacteria or virus making it incapable of infecting cells is called

Neutralization.

Kirk has type AB blood. Which blood type would cause agglutination or cross reaction with his blood?

No blood types would agglutinate Kirk's blood.

Identify blood group (Solid,Solid,Dots)

O+

When the ventricles contract, the semilunar valves are _________ and the atrioventricular valves are _______

Open; closed

Lymphoid vessels differ from blood vessels in that lymphoid vessels

Originate as pockets rather than forming continuous tubes.

What is the major role of the substance depicted in Figure 11.1?

Oxygen Transport

Just prior to inhalation

P out = P in.

Chordae tendineae originate at the

Papillary muscles.

Which of the following will NOT increase heart rate?

Parasympathetic stimulation

Which of the following is the most superficial structure?

Parietal pleura

If you inhale as deeply as possible, and then exhale as much as possible, the expelled air is called your

Vital Capacity.A

Lymph from the body sections inferior to the diaphragm and the left side of the body collect in the

Thoracic duct.

Which of the following structures is NOT contained in the mediastinum?

Thyroid

What is the structure labeled "D"

Trachea

The right atrio-ventricular valve is the

Tricuspid

The membrane covering the heart is the

Visceral Pericardium

Figure 11.1 depicts which substance?

A hemoglobin protein

A recording of the electrical events in the heart is a

ECG

The primary cells of the immune system are

Lymphocytes

Immune cells that nonspecifically seek out abnormal cells and destroy them with perforins are

NK Cells

The most superior portion of the pharynx is the

Nasopharynx

What is the structure labeled "B" (face)

Nasopharynx

When heart rate increases, the greatest cardiac shortening occurs in

Both diastoles

Which of the following is NOT part of the upper respiratory system?

Bronchioles

The antibody titer in a primary antigen response peaks

After one to two weeks.

The advantage of the increased surface area of papillary ridges is to

Aid attachment of epidermis to the dermal layer.

Breathing through the nose rather than breathing through the mouth is advantageous because

Air is warmed on inhalation.

Blood in chamber "E" will next pass through the

Aortic semilunar valve

The large vessels that transport blood away from the heart are

Arteries

The structure labeled "B" is the

Atrioventricular node.

The localized general tissue response to injury is

Inflammation

When the cardiac cycle begins, the

Atrioventricular valve is open and the semilunar valves are closed.

The first "lubb" heart sound is associated with

Atrioventricular valves closing.

T Cells are generally responsible for controlling

Specific immunity against pathogens inside cells.

The largest mass of lymphoid tissue in the body is the

Spleen

The bone lying anterior to the heart is the

Sternum

Cardiac output depends on

Stroke volume and heart rate.

The right atrium receives blood from the

Superior and Inferior vena cava

The vessel labeled "A" is the

Superior vena cava.

The mature lymphocytes that are responsible for cell-mediated immunity are

T Cells

Increasing the diameter of a blood vessel by relaxing a muscle is called

Vasodilation

The afferent vessels of the heart are

Veins

The amount of blood arriving at the right ventricle each minute is

Venous Return

Relaxation of the lower chambers of the heart is called

Ventricular diastole

On this graph, the volumes of air indicated as "A", "B", and "C" when totaled equal the patients

Vital Capacity.

Disorders characterized by the immune system mistakenly attacking the body's own tissue are

Inherited autoimmune disorders.

The amount of air you can inhale above your resting tidal volume is called

Inspiratory reserve volume.

The opening from the nasal cavity to the nasopharynx is called the

Internal nares.

The second antibody response is

Faster than the primary response because of memory B cells.

The plasma component with a role in blood clotting is called

Fibrinogen

When the heart rate is 70 beats per minute and the stroke volume is 80 mL, what is the cardiac output?

5600 mL/min.

A patient inhales as deeply as possible. Where is that volume of air designated on the graph?

A

The nonspecific defense that denies access to pathogens is

A physical barrier

Which of the following is NOT apart of the conducting system?

Alveoli

Which of the following is the site for gas exchange

Alveoli.

Artificially induced passive immunity can be described as

An administered antibody in antiserum.

The structure that has cells that can take over if the dominant pacemaker of the heart fails is the one labeled

B

Identify blood group (Solid,dots,Solid)

B-

The respiratory mucosa consists of

Both an underlying layer of areolar tissue and an epithelium.

The vessels that exchange nutrients, respiratory gases, and waste are

Capillaries

Parasympathetic neurons that slow heart rate are contained in the

Cardiac inhibitory center.

The chemical characteristic that guides white blood cells toward damaged tissue is called

Chemotaxis

The structures labeled "D" are called

Chordae Tendineae

When the ventricles are relaxed the semilunar valves are ________ and the atrioventricular valves are ______

Closed:open

Blood is a type of ____________ Tissue

Connective

The process of inhalation

Increases volume and decreases pressure in the lungs.

The arteries of the pulmonary circuit carry

Deoxygenated blood from the heart.

The process of white blood cells migrating out of capillaries to the surrounding tissues is called

Diapedesis

The structure labeled "C" (face) is shared by which two organ systems?

Digestive and respiratory

Which of the following is NOT an example of a granular leukocyte?

Erythrocyte

Which of the following is not a function of the upper respiratory tract?

Exchanging gases with blood.

What is the name given to the air volume indicated on the graph as "C"

Expiratory reserve volume.

Oxyhemoglobin consists of

Four oxygen molecules and four hemes.

The structure labeled "A" is a(n)

Globin chain.

Blood from vessel "B" IS

Going to the lungs.

Air will move out of the lungs when the pressure inside the lungs is

Greater than atmospheric pressure.

What is the structure labeled "A"? (face)

Hard palate

The percent of whole blood volume contributed by formed elements is the

Hematocrit

The structure labeled "B" is a(n)

Heme

The abundant protein component of red blood cells is

Hemoglobin

Adult males typically have ___________ packed cell volumes than females because they have more ________________.

Higher; androgens

The formed elements with a role in blood clotting are

Platelets

The structures labeled "D" function to

Prevent prolapse of the bicuspid valve

Which of the following represents the marjor function of the respiratory cilia?

Preventing entry of large debris into alveoli.

Which of the following best describes the advantage of the serial branching structure of the respiratory system?

Provides a large surface area for exchange between air and blood.

The vessel labeled "B"

Pulmonary Veins

The structure labeled "C" is the

Purkinje fibers

The most abundant formed elements are

Red Blood Cells

Blood is able to raise body temperature by

Redistribute heat from skeletal muscles to temperature sensitive organs.

The structure labeled "C" is the

Right Atrium

The blood in chamber "C" will next flow to the

Right Ventricle

The pacemaker of the heart is normally the

SA Node

The respiratory tract is best defined as a(n)

Set of passageways that carry air to and from the gas exchange surfaces of the lungs.

The structure labeled "A" is the

Sinoatrial node

Peripheral vasoconstriction is stimulated by

The vasomotor center.

A typical red blood cell lasts

Two to Three months

Jennifer has type A blood. What blood type(s) would cause agglutination or cross reaction with her blood?

Types B and AB

Which of the following is NOT an important functional aspect of the biconcave design of red blood cells?

Undergo cell division quickly and efficiently.