Bio Exam Chapter 4 PLQ

What are the inner folds of the mitochondria called?

cristae

Bacterial cells are prokaryotic; unlike a typical eukaryotic cell, they _____.

lack a nucleus

The purpose of cellular respiration is the production of __________.

ATP

A researcher made an interesting observation about a protein made by the rough endoplasmic reticulum and eventually used to build a cell's plasma membrane. The protein in the membrane was actually slightly different from the protein made in the ER. The protein was probably altered in the _____.

Golgi apparatus

Which of the following is the most likely consequence for a cell lacking functional lysosomes?

The cell becomes crowded with undigested wastes.

Your intestine is lined with individual cells. No fluids leak between these cells from the gut into your body. Why?

The intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions.

Mitochondria are found in _____.

both plant cells and animal cells

Which cellular organelle is required for photosynthesis to occur in eukaryotic cells?

chloroplast

The function of the chloroplast is to _____.

convert light energy to chemical energy

Which of the following are stored in the lysosomes of the cell?

digestive enzymes

The contractile vacuole __________.

eliminates excess water from the cytoplasm of freshwater protists

Which of the following structures is directly involved in the passage of electrical signals between cells as, for example, in the vertebrate heart?

gap junctions

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in that they both __________; however, they are different in that only chloroplasts, and not mitochondria, __________.

have a double membrane ... carry out photosynthesis

The nucleolus __________.

is rich in ribosomal RNA

The maximum size of a cell is limited by _____.

its need for enough surface area to make exchanges with its environment

Mitochondria appear in the greatest numbers in cells that are _____.

metabolically active

The protein actin is a component of a(n) __________.

microfilament

The internal skeleton of a cell is composed of _____.

microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments

Most of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell is in the _____.

nucleus

The genetic center of the eukaryotic cell is the __________.

nucleus

Digestive cells produce and secrete many enzymes that break down ingested food. These cells have a large number of ribosomes __________.

on the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Flagella and cilia are both composed of tubulin subunits. Despite this similarity, key differences exist between these two structures. For example, __________.

only cilia move as a coordinated team

Chloroplasts are found in __________.

plant cells and some protists

Dye injected into a plant cell might be able to enter an adjacent cell through a(n) _____.

plasmodesma

In plants, __________ are the cell junctions that allow the free exchange of small molecules that assist in communication. In animal cells, similar cell junctions are known as __________.

plasmodesmata ... gap junctions

Of the following organelles, which group is involved in manufacturing the substances needed by the cell?

ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following structure(s) is/are found in prokaryotic cells?

ribosomes

The architecture of cell surfaces can be viewed in the most detail using a __________.

scanning electron microscope

You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to _____.

secrete a lot of material

in muscle cells, the _____ is/are specialized for the storage and release of calcium.

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following is a function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

synthesizing receptor proteins

Lysosomes are derived from __________ and function in __________.

the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum ... digestion of worn-out organelles

The term resolving power refers to _____.

the clarity of the image in showing two objects as separate

Membrane proteins are synthesized by ribosomes that are attached to _____.

the endoplasmic reticulum

Which microscope would be best suited to the measurement of the internal structures of a bacterial cell?

transmission electron microscope

Which of the following correctly matches an organelle with its function? The _____ functions in _____.

vacuole ... storage

Which of the following clues would tell you whether a cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

whether or not the cell is partitioned into compartments by internal membranes

To enter or leave any cell, substances must pass through _____.

the plasma membrane