bio mc 2

1. If an animal has # chromosomes in all of their somatic cells, each of their egg cells will have __________ of chromosomes.

1/2

1. If the concentration of sugar molecules in water on side A of a selectively permeable membrane is 5 percent, and the concentration of sugar molecules in water on side B of a selectively permeable membrane is 15 percent, the water molecules will mostly move from __________.

A to B because water concentration is higher on A side

1. All __________ are considered microbes and prokaryotes.

all bacteria

1. Uncontrolled cell division can lead to one of the most deadly diseases in the United States, called __________.

cancer

1. __________ projects contribute to scientific research by the public participating in the collection of data.

citizen science

1. During Interphase, __________ is duplicated. Homologous chromosomes are a pair of chromosomes of the __________ kind.

dna, same

1. Mitochondria and chloroplasts both contain DNA molecules which supports the __________.

endosymbiotic theory

1. The chemical bisphenol A (BPA), exerts its effects on cell division by mimicking the hormone __________.

estrogen

1. The primary role of the immune system's __________ line of defense is to act as a barrier to prevent the entry of pathogens.

first

1. Order of events that produce an embryo: gamete development, ovum release, intercourse, fertilization, implantation.

gamete, ovum, intercourse, fertilization, implantation

1. Plants perform both cellular respiration and photosynthesis. The major product of photosynthesis is __________.

glucose

1. A __________ is a molecule that makes blood vessels near a wound more porous so other cells can enter the area.

histamine

1. __________ are signaling molecules produced by the endocrine system that send messages to other cells telling them what to do. They are distributed through body fluids, produced by specialized cells, and act on target cells. Hormones travel through the organism that produces them via the __________.

hormones, circulatory system

1. Ross places carrot sticks into a jar of water and refrigerates the jar overnight. The next day the carrot sticks are crisp and crunchy. The most likely explanation of why they became crunchy after soaking in water is that the water was __________ to the carrot cells, resulting in the net movement of water __________ the cells.

hypotonic

1. A phospholipid has a phosphate head and a lipid (fatty acid) tail. The phosphate head is __________, and the lipid tail is __________.

hyrdophilic, hydrophobic

1. Disease-causing bacteria in a human begin to multiply rapidly when they sense that their numbers are high enough to overpower an __________. This is possible because of quorum sensing.

immune, response

1. Soreness in muscles after a heavy workout may be partially due to a buildup of __________. This occurs when the __________ in muscles run out of oxygen.

lactic acid, mitochondria

1. Plants and animals use different energy storage molecules, yet they both use the same mechanism to __________ their stored energy. Plants and animals both be successful, even though they use different energy storage molecules because the breaking of chemical bonds in a storage molecule results in the transfer of energy, regardless of the molecule that is stored.

metabolize

1. For roughly the first billion years of life on Earth, there was very little oxygen in the atmosphere. __________ organisms used glycolysis to survive.

nonphotosynthetic

1. Oxidative Phosphorylation directly uses __________ to produce ATP. The most common energy-carrying molecule in all organisms is __________.

oxygen, atp

1. Some __________ can break down chemicals for energy, use sunlight for energy, create their own energy, and harvest energy from other organisms

prokaryotes

1. One of the earliest __________ on Earth, the cyanobacteria, played an important role in the evolution of multicellular eukaryotes. These early prokaryotes changed Earth's chemistry when they began producing __________ as a by-product of photosynthesis.

prokaryotes, oxygen

1. The four main __________ types are nervous, connective, epithelial, and muscle.

tissue