Bio quiz

A polymer of 2 amino acids linked by a peptide bond

Dipeptide

Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary

Four levels of protein structure

Polymers are disassembled to monomers by hydrolysis

Large molecules(polymers) are converted to monomers in what type of reaction ?

Monomers are connected by a reaction in which 2 molecules are covalently bonded to each other through loss of a water molecule; this is known as a condensation reaction, specifically a dehydration reaction

Monomers are connected in what type of reaction? What occurs in this reaction?

A covalent bond in which 2 amino acids are joined by a dehydration reaction

Peptide bond

A polymer of many amino acids linked by a peptide bond

Polypeptide

They mix poorly, if at all, with water

What characteristic do all lipids share ?

Denaturation is the changing of a protein during which the protein unravels and loses its native shape because the weak chemical bonds and interactions within a protein have been destroyed. Salt concentrations pH High temperature

What is denaturation? What causes denaturing ?

R refers to the side chains of amino acids. There are 20.

What is represented by R? How many are there?

C6H12O6

What is the formula of a hexose sugar ?

Tertiary and quaternary

What level(s) of protein structure is/are affected by chemically straitened hair ?

Hydrogen bonding

What type of bonds or interactions could asparagine form with another amino acid in the chain in order to form a quaternary structure with another protein chain ?

The heat or pH change would denature the shape of the enzyme and prevent it from working properly

What would happen to the structure and function of an enzyme that was exposed to heat or a drastic change in pH ?

Cysteine

Which amino acid could form disulfide bonds with another amino acid in the chain to stabilize the tertiary structure of the protein ?

Phenylalanine

Which amino acid could participate in hydrophobic interactions with another amino acid in the chain to stabilize the tertiary structure of the protein?

All levels are affected except the primary structure. Covalent bonds hold the primary structure and they are not broken by denaturing

Which of the four levels of protein structure is maintained after denaturing?

The treatment only affects the protein, so as new hair grows it retains the curly characteristics coded for in the DNA

Why doesn't the hair stay straight forever after this treatment ?