BIO Test #2.

Enzymes unravel and stop functioning if the environment gets too hot.

Interactions within biological systems

The three domains of life are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. What is the principal difference between eukaryotes (Eukarya) and prokaryotes (Archaea and Bacteria)?

- Prokaryotes do not have a plasma membrane surrounding the cell. - Prokaryotes use RNA and not DNA to pass on the genetic message. In eukaryotes, the interior of the cell is divided by internal membranes into specialized compartments. - Eukaryotes engage in cellular metabolism, whereas prokaryotes do not.

The cell is sometimes described as a protein factory. If that is true, which accurately describes the functions of the endomembrane system?

- The ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum are analogous to a production line in a factory. - The Golgi apparatus is analogous to the packaging and shipping department. - The nucleus is analogous to management offices. all of the above

How can an antibiotic target infecting bacterial cells but not the human cells of a patient's body?

Antibiotic medicines target structures, such as cell walls, that bacteria have but human cells do not.

You have discovered a new cell and see that it has a Golgi apparatus. It could be a member of:

Eukaryota.

The fluidity in membranes is due to which molecule(s)?

Lipids.

Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are linked, with each process using inputs created by the other.Which major theme is illustrated by this action?

Pathways that transform energy and matter and Interactions within biological systems.

You turn the crank of a well, raising a bucket of water from below ground to the surface.

Pathways that transform energy and matter.

What is misleading about the following statement? "Plants perform photosynthesis, whereas animals perform cellular respiration."

Plants perform photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

One of the products of the citric acid cycle is CO2. This molecule is considered a waste molecule, since organisms performing aerobic cellular respiration will release it into the atmosphere. What reactant provided the carbon atoms used to produce this CO2?

Pyruvic acid

The cell is sometimes described as a protein factory. If that is true, which accurately describes the functions of the endomembrane system?

The ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum are analogous to a production line in a factory.

Enzymes catalyze the many reactions in a cell. There are hundreds of different enzymes in a cell—each with a unique three-dimensional shape. Why do cells have so many different enzymes?

The shape of the enzyme's active site generally fits a specific substrate.