BIOL 1111 - Chapter 10 Homework

Match each description of cellular events with the checkpoint in the cell cycle where it takes place.

- G1 checkpoint: Cell resources and size are assessed to determine whether to proceed - M checkpoint: All chromatids are checked for proper attachment to spindle fibers - G2 checkpoint: DNA is checked to be sure all chromosomes have been duplicated without damage

Identify the process that occurs at each phase of the cell cycle, illustrated in the image, by moving each process to appropriate place on the diagram?

- G1 phase: Cells in this stage synthesize proteins - S phase: Is the stage during which DNA replication occurs - G2 phase: Mitosis occurs - M: Sister chromatids are present

Match each cell with its stage in the cell cycle.

Interphase Prophase Anaphase Telophase and cytokinesis

During the cell cycle, the cell must pass through several checkpoints that confirm that the cell is ready to progress to the next phase of the cycle. If the requirements of one phase have not been met, the cell cannot proceed to the next phase. These checkpoints help control the rate of cell division. If a mutation disables one of these checkpoints, what is most likely to happen?

The cell begins dividing too often, forming a tumor.

A diagram of the cell cycle is shown. It maps the phases of the cell cycle and the checkpoints by which certain criteria must be met for the cell cycle to advance to the next phase. What statements describe how a cell may respond at a checkpoint?

The cell may find errors and delay the cycle until the errors are corrected.

José, a 32-year old attorney who enjoys hiking in Phoenix, and his 64-year-old father, Ray, were both diagnosed with metastatic melanoma within two months of each other. Biopsies of the tumors identified two potential targets for targeted immunotherapy: the BRAF proto-oncogene and PD-L1, a molecule expressed on some cancer cells. Do you think José's and Ray's cancers are more likely to be cases of inherited cancer, or two cancers that just happened to occur in these two family members by coincidence? Consider other risk factors that may be involved for José and Ray.

Their cancers are most likely not inherited.

phase of mitosis is shown in the image?

anaphase

The cell cycle is a repeating sequence of events that leads to the duplication and division of a cell. Place the stages of the cell cycle in the order of their occurrence, from the earliest stage of cell growth through the latest stage of cell division.

interphase prophase prometaphase metaphase anaphase telophase cytokinesis

In general, what causes normal cells to become cancer cells?

loss of cell cycle control

Which phase of mitosis is shown in the image?

metaphase

Consider the image. Which phase of mitosis is shown in the image?

prophase

What is the function of the mitotic spindle?

separating sister chromatids

mitosis is shown in the image?

telophase and cytokinesis

Cell division by mitosis is a mechanism of asexual cell replication. Some single‑celled organisms reproduce by cell division, and cell division enables multicellular organisms to grow and to repair damaged cells.

two daughter cells with identical chromosomes