BIOL-1408 LESSON 3

Which functional groups are common to all amino acids? carboxyl and amino amino and hydroxyl nitrate and phosphate carbonyl and phosp

carboxyl and amino

Polysaccharides that cannot be digested by animals include _____. glycogen and chitin cellulose and starch starch and glycogen cellulose and chitin

cellulose and chitin

The part of a phospholipid that interacts with water is called the _____. amphipathic end that forms micelles with its polar or ionic functional group tail and contains a polar or ionic fatty acid head and contains a polar or ionic phosphate group nonpolar end that contains a polar or ionic fatty acid

head and contains a polar or ionic phosphate group

An alcohol would be characterized by a _____ group. hydroxyl carbonyl phosphate amine

hydroxyl

Water is always a reactant _____. when two monomers join in dehydration synthesis reactions in chemical equations in hydrolysis reactions

in hydrolysis reactions

A denatured protein is a protein that has _____. lost its shape and function been degraded formed the quaternary structure lost its R-group (side chain)

lost its shape and function

Which of the following statements is true about steroids? Cholesterol is the primary steroid used to make others. Steroids are comprised of rings and fatty acid chains. Steroid rings do not contain functional groups. Sterols are not considered lipids.

Cholesterol is the primary steroid used to make others.

A biomolecule with the molecular formula C5H10O5 is most likely an example of _____. a nucleotide a fatty acid an amino acid a monosaccharide

a monosaccharide

Amino functional groups contain _____. an oxygen atom a phosphorus atom two oxygen atoms a nitrogen atom

a nitrogen atom

The diversity of protein functions requires _____. that all proteins contain more than 1000 amino acids a unique arrangement of the same set of amino acids in each protein that 20 different amino acids are present in every protein a unique arrangement of different sets of amino acids in each protein

a unique arrangement of different sets of amino acids in each protein

Important functions of carbohydrates include _____. structural support and hormones enzymes and hormones enzymes and energy energy and structural support

energy and structural support

A lipid composed of three fatty acids bound to a glycerol molecule is called a _____. phospholipid wax steroid fat

fat

An example of a hydrocarbon includes _____. alcohols fossil fuels carboxylic acids all organic molecules

fossil fuels

A fat containing one double carbon-carbon covalent bond in each of its fatty acid chains is classified as a _____. monounsaturated fat monosaturated fat polyunsaturated fat saturated fat

monounsaturated fat

Which of the following is NOT present in a hydrocarbon? oxygen hydrogen carbon

oxygen

Identify the item below that can ONLY be classified as an RNA nucleotide, and NOT a DNA nucleotide. phosphate group, 5-carbon sugar, guanine phosphate group, 5-carbon sugar, thymine phosphate group, deoxyribose, cytosine phosphate group, 5-carbon sugar, uracil

phosphate group, 5-carbon sugar, uracil

Dehydration synthesis reactions produce _____ as products. monomers and water polymers and water monomers and polymers

polymers and water

Glycogen and starch are examples of _____. polysaccharides disaccharides animal stores monosaccharides

polysaccharides

The specific sequence of amino acids is called the _____ structure. secondary tertiary primary quaternary

primary

A fatty acid containing only single carbon-carbon bonds is described as _____. a trans-fat saturated unsaturated polyunsaturated

saturated

Triglycerides that are solid at room temperature tend to be _____. saturated and made by plants saturated and made by animals cis-fats made by animals polyunsaturated and made by plants

saturated and made by animals

The function of DNA is to _____. store information regulate cellular processes act as an enzyme deliver information

store information

Proteins have a variety of functions, including all of the following EXCEPT _____. providing structure and mobility storing energy in compact form facilitating communication catalyzing chemical reactions

storing energy in compact form

A molecule contains three hydrogen atoms bonded to one carbon atom at one end and a hydroxyl group at the other end. Which end of the molecule is most likely to react with another molecule or atom? neither end is likely to react both ends are equally likely to react the end containing the hydroxyl group the end containing the three hydrogen atoms

the end containing the hydroxyl group