BIOL 1436 Ch. 1

incorrect (wrong)

FoS Text: Ch1 In order for a hypothesis or theory to be considered scientific, it must be possible to determine if it is:

in the 1500s, with the work of Galileo Galilei and Francis Bacon

FoS Text: Ch1 Modern science began:

true

FoS Text: Ch1 Science, art, and religion deal with different domains of knowledge and experience and are, therefore, not inherently contradictory to one another.

theory

FoS Text: Ch1 The synthesis of a large collection of information that contains well-tested and verified hypotheses about certain aspects of the world is known as a scientific:

adds depth to our understanding and therefore to our appreciation of nature

FoS Text: Ch1 Using science to analyze nature:

astrology

FoS Text: Ch1 Which of the following does the author cite as an example of pseudoscience?

It sometimes explains things in terms of supernatural processes

FoS Text: Ch1 Which of the following is NOT true of science?

they serve as a sort of shorthand; i.e., it take less time to state an equation than to explain it in words they show how things are related to one another they enable scientists to precisely quantify the relationships among variables

FoS Text: Ch1: Multiple Answers Possible Equations are used in science because:

the desire to test one's ideas using experiments or studies curiosity a willingness to accept that one may not know everything there is to know about a topic

FoS Text: Ch1: Multiple Answers Possible The scientific attitude is based on:

literature science music art

FoS Text: Ch1: Multiple Answers Possible Which of the following involves passion, talent, and intelligence?

false

Schick: Ch1 According to Schick, the fact that we want something to be true is a good reason to believe that it is

true

Schick: Ch1 According to Schick, we need good reasons for our beliefs because there are innumerable beliefs to choose from and without good reasons for accepting them, we might as well guess as to what is true - and this isn't reliable.

false

Schick: Ch1 According to an attorney cited by Schick, so-called "quack medicine" or "quackery" is relatively harmless.

unemployed housewives

Schick: Ch1 Most psychic hotlines are staffed by:

may not be prepared to teach science as indicated by many of the unsupported or discredited ideas they believe are true

Schick: Ch1 Schick reports information that suggests that many high school science teachers are:

can be verified for yourself by using them

Schick: Ch1 Schick says that the principles of reasoning and analysis used in his book:

lacking in good 'whys'; i.e., lacking in information as to why we should believe the claim"

Schick: Ch1 Schick states that much of what we read or hear regarding extraordinary claims is:

let go of our prejudices and preconceptions and examine the evidence

Schick: Ch1: Multiple Answers Possible Schick argues that if we want to know the truth about a claim, we should:

If an experience seems real, then it is real. We create our own reality. Mystical ways of knowing are superior to ordinary ways of knowing.

Schick: Ch1: Multiple Answers Possible Which of the following does Schick think is false?

hauntings and reincarnation NDEs astrology and ESP alien visitations

Schick: Ch1: Multiple Answers Possible Which of the following topics are discussed in Schick's book?

irrelevant premises false premises insufficient premises

Schick: Ch3 An argument is fallacious (incorrect) if it has:

no

Schick: Ch3 Consider the claim below when answering the following questions. Michael said that, "it is well known that ghosts cause spikes in electrical activity as measured on EMF equipment." Michael detected a spike on his EMF instrument when investigating a house that was said to be haunted and so he concluded that he had detected a ghost. Are the premises sufficient for Michael to draw the conclusion he drew?

no

Schick: Ch3 Consider the claim below when answering the following questions. Michael said that, "it is well known that ghosts cause spikes in electrical activity as measured on EMF equipment." Michael detected a spike on his EMF instrument when investigating a house that was said to be haunted and so he concluded that he had detected a ghost. Is Michael's argument a valid and sound argument?

Jamie's conclusion is not strongly supported based on her research

Schick: Ch3 Jamie wanted to find out if the majority of people in Texas favored the death penalty. So, he surveyed 25 students in his criminal justice class and found that 85% of them strongly supported the death penalty. Jamie therefore concluded that Texans strongly support the death penalty. Which of the following is true?

the reasons one gives to support a claim

Schick: Ch3 The word "argument," as used when practicing critical thinking is:

slippery slope

Schick: Ch3 What type of argument or error has been made in the following argument? David said that the Big Bang theory should not be taught in schools because it suggests that the universe may have begun "on its own" without a divine being. And, he argued, if people accept that, they will eventually give up their religious beliefs and ultimately live immoral lives.

ad hominem

Schick: Ch3 What type of error has been made in the following argument? Jenny said that Mr. Rogers is a socialist and atheist and he supports the proposed health plan. "Therefore," she concluded that, "as God-fearing capitalists, we should reject the health plan because Mr. Rogers is obviously immoral."

false dilemma/dichotomy

Schick: Ch3 What type of error has been made in the following argument? Martin said that we have to increase our use of nuclear power, or increase our use of fossil fuels in order to meet our energy needs. (He did not consider conserving energy or developing alternative energies.)

straw man

Schick: Ch3 What type of error has been made in the following argument? Suzanne said that the Senator wanted to raise taxes on everyone and so she argued that we should not vote for him. In fact, she had deliberately misrepresented the Senator's position because he actually said that he would raise taxes only on those making more than $300,000.

strongly believing

Schick: Ch3 Which of the following would NOT be an indicator for a conclusion?

false

Schick: Ch6 According to Schick, hypotheses are discovered using a sort of "formula" for finding them - a formula which all scientists use.

true

Schick: Ch6 Ad hoc hypotheses cannot be verified and so, are not considered to be good hypotheses.

some hypotheses are better than others

Schick: Ch6 As discussed by Schick,

science; technology

Schick: Ch6 Developing an understanding of the Law of Gravity in order to enable us to understand the motions of the planets is the domain of ________, whereas using our knowledge of physics to build the spacecraft that carries us to the planets is the domain of _________.

true

Schick: Ch6 In order for a hypothesis to be useful, it must be possible to test it.

true

Schick: Ch6 In order for us to explain and predict something, it must follow a pattern or obey 'rules'.

does not know which group (experimental or control) a research subject is in

Schick: Ch6 In the parlance of science, a "blind" researcher is one that:

No, because she did not have a hypothesis to guide her data collection and to serve as a basis for interpreting the data

Schick: Ch6 Melissa, who is 14 years old, wants to be a botanist when she grows up because she loves plants. So, she decided to begin her training by "doing something scientific". Specifically, she measured the heights of all the shrubs in her yard and recorded the data in a notebook and then made a graph showing the maximum, minimum, and average height of the shrubs. The question is, was she doing something scientific?

true

Schick: Ch6 Schick states that any procedure that serves to systematically eliminate reasonable grounds for doubt can be considered 'scientific'.

placebo

Schick: Ch6 To control for factors that might affect the outcome of a clinical study (other than the medicine that is being tested), scientists often use a: