Biology 101 (12) Mini Quiz

Number of Strands RNA

1

Bacteriophage

A virus that infects bacteria

What was the genetic material from a bacteriophage?

DNA, not protein

Describe the purpose of the hydrogen bonds in double stranded DNA

They hold the two strands of DNA together, but are weak enough to come apart during replication.

RNA

single-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose

Number of Strands DNA

2

Sugar Present RNA

Ribose

Relative Length RNA

Short

3 Jobs of DNA

Storing, copying, and transmitting genetic information in a cell

Explain the base pairing rule that applies to double-stranded DNA.

The base pairing rule is that adenine always is with thymine and guanine always bonds to cytosine.

General role of the nucleus

The nucleus is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells. It contains the majority of the cell's genetic material. This material is organized as DNA molecules, along with a variety of proteins, to form chromosomes.

Distinguish between template strand and coding strand of DNA, identifying the functional role of each.

The template strand stores the information, and the coding strand is the newly synthesized strand.

nuclear membrane

controls what goes in and out of the nucleus

DNA molecule

double helix

Transforamation

the process in which one strain of bacteria is changed by a gene or genes from another strain of bacteria

Describe the functional role of nucleotides.

A compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.

Bases Present DNA

ATGC

Bases Present RNA

AUCG

ATCG

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

AUCG

Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine

Chromatin

Clusters of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the nucleus of a cell

What is the genetic material in genes?

DNA

What chemical factor did Griffith conclude could change harmless bacteria into disease-causing bacteria

DNA was the transforming factor

Sugar Present DNA

Deoxyribose

nuclear pores

Involved in the active transport of substances into and out of the nucleus.

Relative Length DNA

Long

Nucleolus

Makes ribosomes

Proteins

Nutrients the body uses to build and maintain its cells and tissues

Describe how DNA is packaged inside the nucleus.

The DNA is wrapped around ball shaped histone proteins.

Chromosomes

threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes