Biology 101 Midterm

A homozygous red-eyed female Drosophila mates with a red-eyed male Drosophila. What proportion of the female offspring will have white eyes?

0%

Convert 0.75 mg to g.

0.00075

Convert 1750 ml to liters.

1.750

How many millimeters (mm) are in 2.5 cm?

25

Armadillos have a diploid chromosome number of 64. At prophase I, an armadillo's cell would have ________ tetrads present. 80 64 128 32 16

32

List the levels of organization of the body from simple to complex.1. organ system2. organism3. tissue4. organ5. cell 5, 3, 4, 1, 2 2, 4, 5, 1, 3 2, 4, 1, 3, 5 5, 2, 4, 1, 3 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

5, 3, 4, 1, 2

Convert 0.75 g to mg.

750

Which of the following can hold about 2 kiloliters of water? A pool A lemonade pitcher A coffee mug Medicine dropper

A pool

Which of the following does not generate genetic variation within a population? mutation sexual reproduction independent assortment of alleles adaptation genetic recombination

Adaptation

Which is not a function of blood? defend the body against infection form clots All are functions of blood. transport substances regulate body temperature

All are functions of blood.

Animals are not___ Eukaryotic Autotrophic Motile Multicellular Heterotrophic

Autotrophic

Which of the three domains contain(s) prokaryotic organisms?

Bacteria and Archaea

As humans continue to use fossil fuels as a primary source of energy, the amount of carbon entering the atmosphere from fossil fuel combustion will continue to increase dramatically. What is the effect of large-scale deforestation on the carbon in the atmosphere? The large-scale removal of forests does not have any real effect on atmospheric carbon, because carbon dioxide is not stored in trees. Because trees are a major sink for atmospheric carbon, fewer trees will result in less carbon being removed from the atmosphere for photosynthesis. As trees are removed, there is more room for carbon to enter the soil directly and be used by other plants. Because trees produce carbon dioxide, the amount of carbon in the atmosphere will decrease with their wide-scale removal.

Because trees are a major sink for atmospheric carbon, fewer trees will result in less carbon being removed from the atmosphere for photosynthesis.

What characteristic is common of both a genetic bottleneck and a founder effect?

Both involve a decrease in a population's genetic diversity.

Which statement below is correct when comparing plant and animal cells? Plant cells only have a cell wall, and animal cells only have a plasma membrane. Both plant and animal cells have a plasma membrane, and plant cells also have a cell wall. Plant cells only have a plasma membrane, and animal cells only have a cell wall. Both plant and animal cells have a cell wall, but only animal cells have a plasma membrane. Both plant and animal cells have a plasma membrane and a cell wall.

Both plant and animal cells have a plasma membrane, and plant cells also have a cell wall.

The main structural component of a plant cell wall is plasmodesmata. cytoskeleton. cellulose. middle lamella. extracellular matrix.

Cellulose

Which of these are a bivalve Clam Squid Conch Snail Octopus

Clam

Most dinosaurs became extinct at the end of which of the following periods of the Mesozoic?

Cretaceous

How does DNA differ from RNA? DNA is in plants; RNA is found in animals. DNA is comprised of a double-strand; RNA is a single-strand. DNA is made from amino acids; RNA is made from nucleotides. DNA is used by all living things; RNA is used only in plants. DNA is seen in animals; RNA is seen in all living things.

DNA is comprised of a double-strand; RNA is a single-strand.

The central dogma of molecular biology states that the information contained within genes flows in which direction? DNA to DNA to protein DNA to rRNA to protein DNA to mRNA to protein mRNA to DNA to protein DNA to tRNA to mRNA to protein

DNA to tRNA to mRNA to protein

You discover a green, filamentous multicellular eukaryote growing at the edge of a pond. How could you determine if the organism is a green alga or a plant?

Determine if the organism protects and nourishes its embryos.

Which of the following lists the levels of taxonomic classification in order from the most inclusive to the least inclusive?

E. domain - kingdom - phylum - class - order

Which geological timescale contains the greatest number of years?

Eras

Which of the following cannot be determined from the fossil record?

Evidence of every species that ever existed.

Homeostasis maintains various levels within a narrow range only if environmental conditions do not fluctuate much. True False

False

What are all possible gametes that can be produced by an individual with the following genotype: FFGg?

Fg, FG

Many species of finches, tortoises, cacti, and iguanas are found on the Galápagos Islands and nowhere else in the world. Which physical attribute of these islands has not played a role in permitting such unique life forms to evolve? Each island has its own unique environment The islands are small compared to the South American mainland. Multiple islands exist There is geographic isolation from mainland species Food is plentiful and diverse on every island

Food is plentiful and diverse on every island

Pinus strobus is the scientific name for the white pine. Pinus is the

Genus

Where do the vesicles that are being made for secretion from the cell become modified and packaged? rough ER smooth ER plasma membrane ribosomes Golgi apparatus

Golgi Apparatus

Which statement is not true about invertebrate animals? All major invertebrate groups arose from protistan ancestors Many invertebrates live in a marine environment Invertebrates lack a nervous system Most animal phyla are invertebrates The vast majority of animal species are invertebrates

Invertebrates lack a nervous system

In which ways does overfishing lead to decreased biodiversity? It reduces the available habitat for other species. It depletes fish that feed on some species and serve as food sources for other species, leading to the eradication of some species and the overpopulation of others. Overfishing allows fished species to overpopulate once the larger individuals are removed from the population, which in turn depletes the species' food sources. It depletes food sources for aquatic mammals, which then overpopulate. Newer technologies allow the fishing fleet to take a larger catch while leaving larger numbers of breeding pairs, which overpopulate and degrade the environment.

It depletes fish that feed on some species and serve as food sources for other species, leading to the eradication of some species and the overpopulation of others.

Muscular dystrophy affects the functioning of skeletal muscle. As this disease advances, it can impair the contraction of the diaphragm and the muscles of the rib cage. What effect will this have on the ability of people with this disease to carry out gas exchange? It will have no effect on their ability to carry out gas exchange. It will decrease the ability to exhale but the ability to inhale will be unaffected. It will cause a buildup of mucus in their respiratory tract, decreasing gas exchange. It will decrease their ability to exchange air into and out of the lungs, decreasing gas exchange. It will lower the surface area for gas exchange, decreasing gas exchange.

It will decrease their ability to exchange air into and out of the lungs, decreasing gas exchang

Which similarity is not shared between algae and plants? Algae are eukaryotes Algae are producers Algae were once classified as plants Most algae have some form of locomotion. Algae are photoautotrophs.

Most algae have some form of locomotion

The circulatory system of a whale is considered an organ system because its composed of different —-

Organs

Refer to the figure. Which of the following is true regarding the labeled plasma membrane? Parts W and Z are hydrophilic. Parts X and Y are hydrophilic. Parts W and Y are hydrophobic. Parts W and X are hydrophilic. Parts X and Z are hydrophobic.

Parts W and Z are hydrophilic.

Which of the following is not a step in the process of natural selection? People select which individuals breed and which ones do not Members of a population possess heritable variations Over multiple generations of reproducing, a larger proportion of the population will have those favorable traits and thus adaptation has occurred. Individuals who have favorable traits survive and reproduce more than those individuals lacking such traits. The population produces more offspring than the environment can support.

People select which individuals breed and which ones do not

hat is the first step in energy flow through an ecosystem? Producers are eaten by the herbivores. Producers absorb nutrients from the soil. Producers absorb solar energy. Decomposers break down the organic matter and make it available for the producers. Top-level carnivores eat the herbivores or omnivores within the ecosystem.

Producers absorb solar energy.

________ is the study of the structure and function of cellular proteins and their interactions; ________ may be employed to use computer algorithms to aid this process. Comparative genomics; bioinformatics Proteomics; comparative genomics Proteomics; bioinformatics Genomics; proteomics Comparative genomics; proteomics

Proteomics; bioinformatics

Which of the following classification categories for humans is not correct? Homo: genus Homo sapiens; binomial name Sapien; family Animillia; kingdom Domain; eukaria

Sapien family

Which is not an important characteristic of the Galápagos Islands in the context of Darwin's theory of evolution? The multiple islands all had an identical environment The organisms on the islands varied from island to island The organisms on the islands varied from island to island The organisms on the islands were different from those observed in South America. The islands were too far from mainland South America for most terrestrial plants and animals to colonize.

The multiple islands all had an identical environment

How does climate change effect Earth's oceans? The pH level of the ocean will shift to a more basic environment, leading to a decrease in overall productivity. As levels of carbon in the atmosphere increase, the amount of carbon in the ocean decreases proportionately. Excess carbon in the atmosphere is absorbed by the ocean, which directly increases ocean temperature. The pH level of the ocean will shift to a more acidic environment, leading to stress and the possible extinction of many species of shellfish and corals.

The pH level of the ocean will shift to a more acidic environment, leading to stress and the possible extinction of many species of shellfish and corals.

If a population recovers to its original population size after experiencing a bottleneck, which statement is correct regarding this population? The recovered population shows less genetic diversity than the population prior to the bottleneck. The bottleneck subjected the population to directional selection. The recovered population is more likely to go extinct as is the population prior to the bottleneck. The recovered population is more likely to go extinct as is the population prior to the bottleneck. The recovered population shows more genetic diversity than the population prior to the bottleneck.

The recovered population shows less genetic diversity than the population prior to the bottleneck.

Which of the following statements is not true with respect to scientific theory? Theories can help scientists generate new testable hypotheses. Theories can help scientists generate new testable hypotheses. Theories are supported by many observations and experiments. Theories are accepted explanations for how the world works. Theories are possible explanations for natural events.

Theories are possible explanations for natural events.

Cladograms show the sequence of evolution of the characters in a clade. T or F

True

Members of two different species are never capable of mating. T or F

True

The similarity of the fossil glyptodont to the living, modern armadillo is an example of comparative anatomy. T or F

True

The best definition of a nutrient is any food taken into the body. a food component which enhances one's health. a food component which performs a physiological function in the body. a food component which can be stored in the body for future energy needs. an essential vitamin or mineral.

a food component which enhances one's health

Which event was not involved in the Permian mass extinction?

a large meteor impact

If your body is dehydrated, the control center in the brain will stimulate the release of a hormone which causes the reabsorption of water into the blood during urine formation. When the control center senses that enough water is reabsorbed, it will stop the release of the hormone. This is an example of a negative feedback mechanism. a combination of negative and positive feedback. a positive feedback mechanism. lack of control over homeostasis. response to external stimuli.

a negative feedback mechanism.

Muscle tone is ________. the ability of a muscle to efficiently cause skeletal movements a state of sustained partial contraction the feeling of well being following exercise the condition of athletes after intensive training

a state of sustained partial contraction

Many insects do not see into the red color range, and as a result, many insect-pollinated flowers are colors other than red (e.g., purple and yellow). This flower coloration would be considered a(n)

adaptation

Which of the following groups provides protection and nourishment to the embryo?

all plants

The filled-in squares of a Punnett square represent

all possible combinations of gametes based on a cross between the two parents.

Similarity due to convergent evolution is called

analogy

You are looking at a cell under a microscope and see what appears to be several "X" structures being pulled to each side of the cell. What stage of meiosis are you looking at? anaphase I prophase II prophase I metaphase I anaphase II

anaphase I

The main goal of conservation biology is to prevent the building of large structures like shopping malls and businesses. apply scientific principles to preserving and restoring ecosystems. promote the needs of certain ecosystems that are determined to be in danger. prevent the hunting and fishing of species. promote the welfare of endangered species.

apply scientific principles to preserving and restoring ecosystems.

Which ecosystem makes up approximately 70% of the Earth's surface? aquatic; marine terrestrial; tundra aquatic; fresh water terrestrial; rainforest aquatic; coral reefs

aquatic; marine

Chloroplasts and mitochondria are similar in that they both are involved in cellular waste processing. are involved in helping to maintain cell shape. are involved in protein production for the cell. contain DNA. are membranous sacs involved in storage.

are membranous sacs involved in storage.

Homologous structures

are often shared by organisms in the same line of descent.

Which one of the following is the smallest unit of matter that has all the properties of an element? atom molecule electron proton compound

atom

Which organisms have been modified to produce insulin, blood clotting factor VIII, and human growth hormone? cows goats corn soy beans bacteria

bacteria

A karyotype shows chromosomes arranged by shape, size, and complexity. length, structure, and color. complexity, radius, and length. color, width, and length. banding patterns, size, and shape.

banding patterns, size, and shape.

In the diagram below, the monomer that serves as the subunit to creating this organic molecule category is called base. sugar. nucleotide. phosphate. glucose.

base

Without receptor proteins, a cell would not be able to allow the passage of H ions into the cell. divide. bind to signal proteins from other parts of the body. perform metabolic reactions. transport water into the cytoplasm.

bind to signal proteins from other parts of the body.

What are the most numerous and diverse vertebrates?

bony fishes

Which variable will determine the coat color in Himalayan rabbits? Genetics Environment Both Neither

both genetics and environment

Mitochondria are found in both plant cells and animal cells. neither plant cells nor animal cells. animal cells and bacterial cells only. plant cells. animal cells only.

both plant and animal cells

Energy needs are supplied by fiber. antioxidants. essential amino acids. carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. micronutrients.

carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.

Which of the following lists the levels of biological organization in order from simplest to most complex? cardiac muscle, cell, human, heart, cardiovascular system cell, cardiac muscle, heart, cardiovascular system, human heart, human, cell, cardiac muscle, cardiovascular system human, heart, cardiovascular system, cardiac muscle, cell cell, heart, human, cardiovascular system, cardiac muscle

cell, cardiac muscle, heart, cardiovascular system, human

List these terms from simplest to most complex. (Cells, organism, organs, tissues, organ systems)

cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism

Wood and cotton cloth are composed of cellulose. chitin. lipid. glycogen. cholesterol.

cellulose.

What feature enables the paramecium to move?

cilia

The world today derives the majority of its energy from which of the following sources? nuclear power coal and oil hydropower wind and solar power hydropower and nuclear power

coal and oil

Which of the following is not a function of the skeletal system? support communication storage of minerals production of blood cells (hematopoiesis)

communication

The structure of bone tissue suits the function. Which of the following bone tissues is adapted to support weight and withstand torsion stresses? compact bone spongy bone trabecular bone irregular bone

compact bone

The pH scale is a mathematical indicator of the concentration of OH present in a solution. total amount of all ions in a solution. ability to dissolve in water. concentration of H present in a solution. ability of a solution to buffer.

concentration of H present in a solution.

Chromosomes are made from expanded ribosomes. cell recognition proteins. condensed chromatin. condensed vesicles. expanded polysaccharides.

condensed chromatin.

Plant cells have plasmodesmata that are the sites of starch production. connect the cytoplasm of one cell with that of another. function in photosynthesis. resemble the cytoskeleton of animal cells. take the place of the plasma membrane that would be found in animals.

connect the cytoplasm of one cell with that of another

Which of the following methods may help conserve water by reducing the amount used for agriculture? reducing pesticide and fertilizer usage construction of dams for irrigation needs biological pest control polyculture contour with no-till farming

contour with no-till farming

Where in the cell does glycolysis occur? matrix of mitochondrion mitochondrion cristae of mitochondrion cytoplasm nucleus

cytoplasm

Which of the following would have the greatest influence in creating a more sustainable urban society? decreasing the amount of environmental pollution produced by industry exploring alternative energy sources that are more environmentally favorable (i.e., solar, hydropower, etc.) increasing fuel efficiency in our vehicles so we can decrease the consumption of fossil fuels decreasing the amount of land that is altered in order to accommodate human desires (new homes, factories, agriculture, etc.) improving the efficiency of water filtration systems in order to decrease our consumption of freshwater

decreasing the amount of land that is altered in order to accommodate human desires (new homes, factories, agriculture, etc.)

Which two terrestrial biomes are the most similar with regards to rainfall? rainforest; desert temperate grasslands; desert desert; taiga temperate forests; rainforests desert; temperate forest

desert; taiga

Which of the following is not a benefit of biodiversity? new and better crop plants climate regulation biological magnification development of novel medicines production of freshwater

development of novel medicines

Which of the following is not true with regard to the law of segregation? Gametes contain only one gene from each pair. Genes segregate during gamete formation During fertilization, each new individual obtains two genes for each trait. Each individual has two factors for each trait Each gamete contains two genes for each trait

each gamete contains two genes for each trait

at what age do bones reach their peak density? late adulthood at birth early childhood early adulthood

early adulthood

Hydrangeas are a flowering plant with large showy blooms. When a plant is grown in aluminum-rich soil, it has blue flowers; if the same plant is transplanted into soil that is lacking aluminum, the flowers produced will be pink. This is an example of

environmental effects

An atom with a neutral charge has more protons than it does electrons. equal numbers of protons and electrons. more neutrons making it more neutral. the same number of protons and neutrons. equal numbers of neutrons and electrons.

equal numbers of protons and electrons.

Which of the following correctly reflects the division of the history of life on Earth, from most inclusive to least inclusive?

era, period, epoch

Proteins must be ingested in order to obtain essential amino acids. needed vitamins such as vitamin C. needed minerals such as potassium and magnesium. necessary trans fats. essential cholesterol.

essential amino acids.

What characteristics of Archaeopteryx tell us that it is a link to reptiles and birds?

feathers and teeth

Scientists were studying temperature selection amongst pregnant big brown bats. What would be the best control group for this study?

female bats that were not pregnant

Which structure is a characteristic found only in angiosperms?

flower

Which of the following is not a renewable resource? fossil fuels wild game food crops solar energy water

fossil fuels

Which of these are matched incorrectly? Neuron- cell Skin- organ Gene- organelle Brain- organ Osteocyte- cell

gene organelle

During crossing-over, one homologous chromosome of a tetrad is exchanged with another tetrad, resulting in new combinations of alleles. sister chromatids from each homologous chromosome of a tetrad are exchanged, resulting in new combinations of alleles. genetic material is exchanged between sister chromatids, resulting in new combinations of alleles. nonsister chromatids from each homologous chromosome of a tetrad are exchanged, resulting in new combinations of alleles. genetic material is exchanged between nonsister chromatids, resulting in new combinations of alleles.

genetic material is exchanged between nonsister chromatids, resulting in new combinations of alleles.

Which of the following is an incorrect match of molecule to the location where it is principally used? mRNA - nucleus and cytoplasm rRNA - cytoplasm glucose - lysosome DNA - nucleus proteins - ribosome

glucose - lysosome

Carbohydrates are typically broken down to fructose, the molecule stored for future energy needs. maltose, the molecule stored for future energy needs. glucose, the molecule used as the energy source in cells. glycogen, the molecule used as the energy source in cells. glucose, the molecule stored for future energy needs.

glucose, the molecule used as the energy source in cells.

Which of the following organelles would form a membrane-bound package, also known as a vesicle? lysosomes Golgi apparatus ribosomes mitochondria chloroplasts

golgi apparatus

A stack of thylakoids inside a chloroplast are known as what? stroma. cristae. thylakoid space. chloroplast. granum.

granum

If a plant has vascular tissue, megaphylls, and seeds, but not flowers, then it is a(n)

gymnosperm

Conifers such as pine trees are classified as

gymnosperms

Red-green color blindness is a recessive X-linked trait. If a female is red-green color-blind, which of the following is true? Her mother must be color-blind Both her parents must be color-blind. Both her parents are carriers of the recessive allele. Her father must be color-blind. Women cannot exhibit red-green color blindness because they have two X chromosomes.

her father must be color blind

he figure below is depicting the interaction of water molecules with one another, which involves the use of positive and negative ions. no chemical bonding. hydrogen bonds. covalent bonds. ionic bonds.

hydrogen bonds.

A phylogenetic tree

indicates common ancestors

An atom that has an electrical charge is called a(n) isotope. proton. molecule. element. ion.

ion.

The type of bond that would form from the transfer of an electron from one atom to another, shown below, is a(n) ________ bond. covalent isotopic hydrogen atomic ionic

ionic

Most of the world's freshwater supply is used for drinking water for livestock. drinking water by humans. boating and recreation. irrigating crops. bathing by humans.

irrigating crops.

Compared with a eukaryotic cell, a prokaryotic cell is larger. lacks organelles beyond ribosomes. does not require energy. has no method of movement. is not living.

lacks organelles beyond ribosomes.

During meiosis, each pair of alleles on the homologous chromosomes sorts independently from all other pairs of alleles. This statement corresponds to

law of independent assortment

Carrie would like to observe the cilia on the surface of a live paramecium—a single-celled organism. The best device to do this would be a electron microscope. light microscope. unaided eye. magnifying glass. dissecting microscope.

light microscope

Desertification and deforestation are similar in that both involve overpopulation of an area by humans. loss of wetland habitats. loss of plant and animal life in an area. overgrowth of undesirable plants in an area. lack of rainfall in an area.

loss of plant and animal life in an area.

Deforestation may contribute toward climate change because loss of trees disrupts the carbon cycle, limiting the amount that is absorbed by plants, and increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. it leads to habitat loss for many forest species, which invade nearby marginal habitats, including those used by humans. the trees naturally trap heat near the Earth's surface, and the loss of trees allows this heat to escape into space through the atmosphere. it leads to salinization of the land. the forest canopy reflects some solar radiation back into space, allowing more of it to penetrate to the Earth's surface.

loss of trees allows this heat to escape into space through the atmosphere.

In bacterial cells and plant cells, cell walls function in maintaining cell shape. containing DNA. producing the cytoskeleton. modifying lipids and proteins. moving organelles throughout the cell.

maintaining cell shape.

Pollen grains are

male gametophytes

Which of the following are greenhouse gases? methane and carbon dioxide nitrogen and carbon dioxide oxygen and methane carbon dioxide and oxygen oxygen and nitrogen

methane and carbon dioxide

Evolutionary relationships between organisms are determined by

molecular evidence, anatomical homologies, and fossil records.

iodiversity increases the consumptive value of land, meaning that ecosystems with higher biodiversity consume more resources than those with lower biodiversity, creating more strain on the environment. ecosystems with low biodiversity consume resources at a higher rate than those with higher biodiversity. land with lower biodiversity has many more possible uses for humans than land with higher biodiversity. more value can be derived from the more diverse products produced by ecosystems with high biodiversity relative to land that has been cleared for agriculture. land that has been cleared for agriculture consumes natural resources at a slower rate and is cheaper to maintain.

more value can be derived from the more diverse products produced by ecosystems with high biodiversity relative to land that has been cleared for agriculture.

Which of these would you expect to thrive in areas with abundant moisture? mosses, ferns, and lycophytes Mosses only Ferns only Lycophytes only All but lycophytes

mosses, ferns, and lycophytes

In the process of natural selection, individuals that are most fit are the ones that are

most likely to reproduce.

Which food choice below offers the healthiest fat for your heart? whole milk red meat shrimp and lobster oily fish cheese

oily fish

Which statement regarding the scientific method is false? Inductive reasoning is used to form a hypothesis. The control and experimental group are identical except for one variable. Observations are used to form a hypothesis Original hypotheses are formed after an experiment. Experiments need to be repeatable.

original hypotheses are formed after an experiment

The single most important risk for skin cancer is ________. use of farm chemicals overexposure to UV radiation genetics race

overexposure to UV radiation

Which of the following is not a product of cellular respiration? carbon dioxide oxygen water ATP ADP

oxygen

Cold weather can change what aspect of a Himalayan rabbit?

phenotype

The process of ____ transforms solar energy into chemical energy

photosynthesis

What is a phenotype?

physical appearance

Susan was examining a cell under the microscope and noticed the formation of a cell plate in the midline of the cell and the formation of nuclei at opposite poles of the cell. The cell under examination was most likely a(n) dividing bacterial cell. animal cell undergoing cytokinesis. animal cell in the M phase of the cell cycle. plant cell undergoing cytokinesis. plant cell in the anaphase stage.

plant cell undergoing cytokinesis.

What must materials pass through to enter or leave a cell? nucleus vacuole plasma membrane lysosome ribosome

plasma membrane

Which feature is found in all cells? plasma membrane composed of phospholipids cell wall composed of cellulose nucleoid region that contains DNA flagella nucleus containing DNA

plasma membrane composed of phospholipids

Plant cells can communicate with each other using what structure? pili fimbriae cytoskeleton plasmodesmata centrioles

plasmodesmata

Amino acids are needed to build ________, just as ________ are needed to create DNA. fatty acid; hydroxides fats; sugars RNA; glucose monomers protein; nucleotides polysaccharides; carboxyl

protein; nucleotides

Which of the following is not thought to have contributed to the many mass extinction events that have occurred throughout Earth's history?

punctuated equilibrium

The addition of electrons and/or hydrogen atoms to a substrate is called what? an enzyme-substrate complex metabolism reduction phosphorylation oxidation

reduction

Fitness refers to

reproductive success

Which of the following organelles is not surrounded by a membrane? chloroplast lysosomes ribosomes mitochondrion nucleus

ribosomes

Which of the following is the correct sequence for an altered protein that is secreted from the cell? nucleus - smooth endoplasmic reticulum - Golgi apparatus smooth endoplasmic reticulum - plasma membrane - Golgi apparatus - ribosome Golgi apparatus - ribosome - plasma membrane rough endoplasmic reticulum - Golgi apparatus - plasma membrane Golgi apparatus - smooth endoplasmic reticulum - plasma membrane

rough endoplasmic reticulum - Golgi apparatus - plasma membra

The nervous system and endocrine system control the body's functions by maintaining a constant level of nerve impulses. stimulating the body's reproductive organs. sending out messages by nerve impulse and hormones. responding only to the internal environment. maintaining a constant level of hormones in the blood.

sending out messages by nerve impulse and hormones.

Forests and other natural ecosystems, such as wetlands, exhibit the "sponge effect," meaning that they soak up water from runoff and rainfall, releasing it at a regular rate that moderates flooding of streams and rivers. draw water away from rivers and streams, lowering their levels. soak up pollutants from runoff and rainfall, releasing it quickly into streams and rivers and raising their levels. soak up water from runoff and rainfall, and thus accumulate pollutants. soak up water from runoff and rainfall, saturating nearby ecosystems.

soak up water from runoff and rainfall, releasing it at a regular rate that moderates flooding of streams and rivers.

Cellular respiration can be described as the conversion of the energy of sunlight to energy stored in inorganic compounds. stored in food to energy stored in ATP. stored in ATP to energy used to do work. stored in ATP to energy stored in food. stored in leaves to energy in food.

stored in food to energy stored in ATP.

The punctuated equilibrium model of evolution suggests that new species appear

suddenly after long periods of time with little to no change.

Cell size is limited because ________ is critical to a cell's function. the ability to photosynthesize surface-area-to-volume ratio cilia movement the number of microvilli the size of the nucleus

surface-area-to-volume ratio

Nutrients that are deemed to be "essential" are those which make up a large proportion of the body. the body is not able to produce. cannot be found within food sources. are needed in very low quantities. the body is able to produce so no food source is needed.

the body is not able to produce.

When hiking high in the mountains, you find fossil marine shells lying about. This provides evidence that

the mountain top was once under the ocean and has been uplifted.

DNA replication is called semiconservative because the sequence of nucleotides in one strand is conserved, whereas the new DNA molecule consists of a unique sequence of nucleotides. one of the two resulting DNA molecules is new. the two resulting DNA molecules each have one new DNA strand and one old strand from the original DNA molecule. no extra nucleotides are incorporated into the replicated DNA molecules. both of the resulting DNA molecules are composed of new strands of nucleotides.

the two resulting DNA molecules each have one new DNA strand and one old strand from the original DNA molecule.

The presence of vestigial organs supports evidence of evolution because

the vestigial organ is similar to a functional organ in a related species, having been passed down from a common ancestor.

In random mating

there is no factor influencing mate choice.

Which bone would likely take the longest to heal? finger bone of an elderly individual thigh bone of a young individual finger bone of a young individual thigh bone of an elderly individual

thigh bone of an elderly individual

Tortoises in the Galápagos possessed neck lengths unique to each island. Neck lengths appear to be an adaptation to which selective agent? reproductive barriers used to produce offspring type of vegetation available to eat ease in finding pools of drinking water defense against predators male competition for females

type of vegetation available to eat

Which of the following creates the least amount of soil erosion? overgrazing by livestock use of drip irrigation systems wetland destruction poor landscaping practices that expose the land to excess wind deforestation

use of drip irrigation systems

________ is the vascular tissue that conducts water and minerals from a plant's roots to its leaves.

xylem