Biology 1134: Ch 1 HW

Making observations can often have immediate impacts in science. Research has shown that COX-2 inhibitors increase the rate of heart failure (observation 1) and that COX-2 inhibitors may cause blood clotting (observation 2) In order for the researcher to test the proposed mechanism of COX-2 inhibitors, the researcher will then use _______________________

Deductive Reasoning

In 1980, scientists determined that 2% of the honey bees in Texas had a gene that makes them more aggressive. By 2005, the frequency of this gene in the Texas honeybee population had increased to 15%.

Evolution

The body temperature of a dog is more stable than the temperature of its environment.

Homeostasis

Making observations can often have immediate impacts in science. Research has shown that COX-2 inhibitors increase the rate of heart failure (observation 1) and that COX-2 inhibitors may cause blood clotting (observation 2) From these observations, the researcher may use ______________________ Correctto suggest that the blood clotting properties of COX-2 inhibitors lead to heart failure.

Inductive Reasoning

Living organisms and non-living systems have numerous characteristics in common, but only organisms -

are composed of cells

Making observations can often have immediate impacts in science. Research has shown that COX-2 inhibitors increase the rate of heart failure (observation 1) and that COX-2 inhibitors may cause blood clotting (observation 2) Using specific conclusions to generate general conclusions is using a __________________________ Correctand using general conclusions to generate specific predictions is a ______________________________

bottom up approach; top down approach

In order to carry out essential life functions such as growth, development, and movement, a duck must eat.

energy utilization

Different cell types develop in a multicellular organism because each cell has its own unique set of genes.

false

Evolutionary conservation explains the diversity of life.

false

Information stored in inorganic molecules is used to direct the synthesis of cellular components.

false

Living organisms contain unique chemical elements which are not found in non-living systems.

false

Organisms are closed systems that require an input of energy in order to maintain their high level of complexity and organization.

false

The unity of living systems arises through evolutionary change.

false

A cat is composed of organ systems, which are composed of organs, which are composed of tissues, which are composed of cells.

ordered complexity

A bacterial cell divides to form two new cells.

reproduction

The roots of a plant grow toward a source of water.

sensitivity

All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.

true

An input of energy is required to maintain the complexity of living systems.

true

Cells process information stored in their DNA as well as information they receive from the environment.

true

Homeostasis is possible because elaborate signaling networks coordinate the activities of different cells within an organism.

true

Living systems are governed by the same principles of chemistry and physics that govern non-living systems.

true

Living systems are the most complex chemical systems on earth.

true

Molecules in different organisms that perform the same function are likely to have a similar structure.

true

The energy conversions that take place in living systems are governed by the same laws of thermodynamics that govern non-living systems. True

true

Underlying similarities in biochemistry and genetics support the idea that all life evolved from a single ancestor.

true

Based on hierarchical organization - put these structures in order from smallest to largest.

1. Myosin protein 2. Skeletal muscle cell 3. Skeletal muscle tissue 4. Biceps brachii muscle 5. Muscular system

Complete the sentences with the words provided. Then arrange the sentences so the levels of organization go from smallest to largest.

1. The level of organization that is more complex than an atom but less complex than an organelle is a(n) molecule. 2. Molecules may be assembled into a microscopic structure called a(n) organelle which carries out specific functions within a cell. 3. The simplest level of organization that can carry out all of the functions of life is a(n) cell. 4. A tissue is a group of similar cells that act as a functional unit. 5. Your brain is an example of a(n) organ. 6. A group of organisms that belong to the same species and live in the same place is called a(n) population. 7. A biological community together with its physical habitat constitutes a(n) ecosystem.

A hypothesis is a general principle or explanation that is derived from observations using inductive reasoning. Suppose you make the following observations: a. You look at 10 human liver cells and observe that each one has a nucleus. b. You look at 10 onion cells and observe that each one has a nucleus. c. You look at 10 nerve cells from a mouse and observe that each one has a nucleus. For each statement below, mark "True" if it would be a valid hypothesis, based on these three observations alone, and mark "False" if it would not be a valid hypothesis.

1. The onion cells I looked at have a nucleus. false 2. All onion cells have a nucleus. true 3. All cells have a nucleus. true 4. Some cells have a nucleus. false 5. Only onion cells have a nucleus. false 6. If I look at 10 skin cells from my hand, each one will have a nucleus. false