Biology 1201 Moroney TESTS

Erythose, a 4 carbon sugar, had the following chemical formula

C4H804

Acid rains sometimes has a pH of 5. What is the H+ concentration? A. 1e10^5M B. 5e10^-1M C. 5e10^-5M D. 1e10^-5M E. 1e5^10M

D

Separates the two DNA strands to unwind them A. DNA polymerase II B. DNA ligase C. primase D. helicase E. DNA polymerase I

D

The making of an exact copy of DNA is called

DNA replication

Which is an example of a carbohydrate? A. Insulin B. Tubulin C. Maltose D. Triglyceride E. ATP

Maltose

This organelle is involved in energy generationNucleus Vacuole Mitochondria Cytoskeleton All above

Mitochondria

you scrape your face in a bicycle accident. What type of cell division is occurring during the healing process?

Mitosis

a gene on the y chromosome produces hairy ears. If a man has this trait, what is the chance that his daughter will have hairy ears?

No chance

What type of fermentation can the brain perform?

None

This contains the vast majority of the cell's DNA\ Nucleus Vacuole Mitochondria Cytoskeleton All above

Nucleus

Compare the processes of spermatogenesis and oogenesis, Which process takes longer

Oogenesis takes days longer than spermatogenesis by about days

Which type of linkage connect amino acids in protein?

Peptide Bonds

white blood cell engulf a bacterium in a video. What type of transport is occurring?

Phagocytosis

consider the DNA sequence s' ATGCGGCATTAA 3' What would the sequence of the complementary sequence strand be?

TTAATGCCGCAT

in the scientific method, which is the next step after making a hypothesis?

Testing the hypothesis

a couple has a son who has hemophilia. Neither parent has hemophilia. Which parents or parents has/ have the hemophilia allel

The mother does, father does not

a codon is GCA. What is the sequence of the corresponding anticodon?

UGC

This organelle is found in plant cellsNucleus Vacuole Mitochondria Cytoskeleton All above

Vacuole

A person has found out that both his father and his mother are carreies of the cystic fibrosis trait. This person does not have cytsic fibrosis. What is the chance that he is a carrier of the trait?

a 2/3 chance

What is cellulose?

a structural polysaccharide found in the cell wall of plants

carbon atoms tend to form ___ bonds

covalent

Insulin a protein excreted by pancreas cells is made on

the rough ER

one characteristic shared by sucrose, lactose, and maltose is that

they are all disaccharides

how many and what type of bonds does sulfur usually form in biology?

two covalent bonds

How do water molecules interact with large molecules like a protein?

water can form hydrogen bonds with the protein

dog intestinal cells have 78 chromosomes. How many chromosomes do dog sperm cells have?

39

This process consumes O2, converting H2OA. Mitochondrial electron transport B. The Citric Acid Cycle C. Glycolysis D. Answers A and B are correct E. All of the above

A

Which molecule will yield the most energy in aerobic respiration? A. glucose B. pyruvate C. acetyl- CoA D. NADH E. FADH2

A

Which one of the following functional groups is a weak base? A. R-NH2 B. R-SH C. R-COOH D. R-OH E. all the above

A

__ Are components of phospholipid A. Fatty Acids C. Citric and maleic acids C. Amino Acids D nucleic Acids

A Fatty Acids

what type of biological molecule is/are inserted into bacteria by bacteriophages to start the viral infection? A. nucleic acids only B. proteins only C. carbohydrates only D. nucleic acids and protein E. the entire virus enters the bacteria

A nucleic acids only

O2 is produced during photosynthesis. Where does the O2 come from? A. from CO2 B. from H2O C. from ATP D. from glucose E. from light

B

the recombinant frequency of linked genes can vary from __ to ___

0%, 50%

you have recently found out that your father is a carried of the cystic fibrosis trait and your mother is homozygous normal. You do not have cystic fibrosis. What is the chance that you are a carrier of the trait?

1/2

A compound contains hydroxyl groups as its predominant functional group. Which of the following statements is true concerning this compound? A. It should dissolve in water B. It is probably a lipid C. it should dissolve in olive oil D. it won't form hydrogen bonds with water E. All above

A

All of the following are functions of the citric acid cycle EXCEPT A. production of ATP B. production of NADH C. production of FADH2 D. release of carbon dioxide E. adding electrons and protons to oxygen to form water

A

This process produces CO2 A. Mitochondrial electron transport B. The Citric Acid Cycle C. Glycolysis D. Answers A and B are correct E. All of the above

B

Compared to 40K, the isotope 39K has A. different atomic number B. One less neutron C. one less proton D. One less electron E. One less proton and one less electron

B. One less neutron

The cytoskeleton is composed ofA. carbohydrate B. lipid C. protein D. nucleic acid E. all of the above

C

Which of the following structures is found in eukaryotic but not prokaryotic cells? A. cytoplasm B. RNA C. mitochondria D. plasma membrane E. All of the above

C

In what type of photosynthesis are the leaf stomates open at night and closed during the day? A. Calvin cycle photosynthesis B. C3- type photosynthesis C. C4 type photosynthesis D. CAM type photosynthesis E. No type is done

D

a typical mRNA found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cell will have all of the following features EXCEPtT A. a 5' cap B. 5' and a 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) C. a poly-adenine tail D. an intron E. all the above

D

which of the following is an example of a carbohydrate? A. Triglyceride B. ATP C. Insulin D. Cellulose E. DNA

D. Cellulose

You are trying to identify and organism by looking at a group of its cells under the microscope. it is multicellular and the cells clearly have a cell wall. The cells have many internal organelles but no chloroplasts. To which kingdom does this organism belong? A. Monera G. Animal C. Calamari D. Fungi E. Plant

D. Fungi

what is the building block of starch?

Glucose

what type of transport does the Na+ -K+ ATPase do?

active transport

Which type of linkage connects glucose units in cellulose?

beta-glycosidic linkages

the mitotic spindle is composed of

microtubulues

A woman is homozygous normal for the color blind trait and her husband is colorblind. What percentage of the children will be color blind?

none of the children will be colorblind

most RNA processing in a eukaryotic cell takes place in the

nucleus

Oxygen is vital to the process of aerobic cellular respiration. It allows aerobic organisms to derive a great deal more energy from glucose than anaerobic organisms are able to. What is the vital role that oxygen plays in cellular respiration?

oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain

chlorophyll molecules mostly absorb ___ wavelengths of visible light

red and blue

Which enzyme or complex is responsible for making protein during translation

ribosmome

the overall three-dimensional shape of a single polypeptide is called the

tertiary structure

where does the process of transcription in eukaryotes take place?

the nucleus

the h+ concentration in a cola is 1e10^-4M. What is the pH of the solution?

4

This organelle contains proteins (multiple answers)Nucleus Vacuole Mitochondria Cytoskeleton All above

All above

This process converts glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid and produces 2 ATP'sA. Mitochondrial electron transport B. The Citric Acid Cycle C. Glycolysis D. Answers A and B are correct E. All of the above

C

Which of the following is an example of primary protein structure? A. When the subunits of hemoglobin come together to form the whole protein B. When a protein folds up to its final form C. The protein sequence leucine- valine- glycine D. A BETA sheet occurs E. All of the Aboce

C

Which statement about all living things is true? A. All living things are capable of sight B. All living things have nervous systems of some sort C. All loving things are capable of reproduction D. All the above are true E. none of the above are true

C. All loving things are capable of reproduction

This component is found is eukaryotic cells A. carbohydrate B. lipid C. protein D. nucleic acid E. all of the above

E

Which of the following is NOT a protein function? A. catalysis of chemical reactions B. Protein is part of hair and ligaments C. communication between cells(hormones) D. proteins are important in our sense of hearing and vision E. All of these are functions of proteins

E

while at the store you buy some celery. Are these cells alive are dead?

alive

If a white-eyed male is crossed with a red eyed female, what is the phenotype of the progeny?

all of the males and all of teh females will have red eyes

cyanide binds to cytochrome oxidase at the same site as O2 blocking the enzyme. What type of molecule is cyanide?

competitive inhibitor

which parts of cellular respiration generate the carbon dioxide that we can breathe out?

glycolysis and synthesis of acetyl CoA

in holly trees, red fruit (A) are dominant to white fruit (a), and spiny leaves (L) are dominant to smooth leaves (l). If you cross two holly plants one with red spiny leaves (AaLl) and one with white spiny leaves (aaLl), what fraction of the progeny will have red smooth leaves?

1/8 of them

How many CO2 molecules are produced when one glucose molecule is completely utilized in the process of alcohol fermentation?

2

One strand of DNA has the sequence 5' C-C-A-A-G-T-G-T-3'. What is the sequence of the complementary strand?

5'A-C-A-C-T-T-G-G-3'

Which is an example of a lipid? A. Insulin B. Sucrose C. cellulose D. Triglyceride E. ATP

D. Triglyceride

a wife has type AB blood and the husband has type Blood. Their child is type A. What do you know about the genotype of the parents?

both parents are heterozygous

How does an enzyme catalyze a reaction?

by lowering the activation energy

Where is the location of the ATP synthase responsible for most of the ATP made during aerobic respiration?

inner mitochondrial membrane

what type of bond results from a complete transfer of electrons between atoms?

ionic bond

What is the result when a diploid cell undergoes mitosis?

2 diploid cells

In biologica; molecules, nitrogen atoms normally form ____ bonds A. two ionic B. Three ionic C. Two covalent D. Three covalent E. Four covalent

D. Three Covalent

Which organism below is capable of aerobic respiration? A. grass B. yeast cells C. oak trees D. mice E all the above

E

a child born with down syndrome has A. two copies of an autosomal recessive gene B. One or more copies of autosomal dominant gene C. has a defect in a gene on the X chromosome D. extra X chromosome E. extra chromosome 21

E

In a rose two pigments, one yellow and one red, contribute to flower colors. Synthesis of the yellow pigment is encoded by gene "Y" with the ability to make the pigment being dominant. Synthesis of the red pigment is encoded by gene "R" with the ability to make the pigment being dominant. So plants with genotype YY or Yy can make the yellow pigment while genotype yy cannot. Plants with genotype RR or Rr can make the red pigment while plants with genotype rr cannot. When both pigments are present the flower is orange. If neither pigment is present the flower is white. 1. What is the genotype of a white flowered plant? 2. Which of the following plants would have an orange flower? 3. a red rose Rryy is crossed with a yellow rose (rrYy). What fraction of the plants would have red flowers?

1. rryy 2. RrYY 3. 1/4 of them

Consider the isotopes of carbon., 12C, 13C, and 14C. Which of them is/are stable?

12C and 13C are both stable

a mature sequence is 600 nucleotides long from start of the AUG to the beginning of the stop codon, UAA. How many amino acids will be in the final protein this mRNA codes for?

20

if one parent is heterozygous for polydactyly and the other is homozygous normal, what is the chance that a child of theirs will have polydactyly

50%

Flower color in snapdragons is an example of incomplete dominance. If a red flowered plant is crossed with a white flowered plant, the F1 generation has pink flowers. If two pink flowers were crossed, the progeny plant would be

50% pink, 25% red, and 25% white

how many CO2 molecules are produced when one glucose molecule is completely utilized in the process of aerobic respiration?

6

you have a brother that has sickle cell anemia. you are healthy and your parents are healthy. What is the chance that you are a carrier of the sickle cell trait?

66.7%

An element has 8 protons, 9 neutrons, and 8 electrons. its atomic number and atomic mass, respectively, are

8 and 17

Which of the following is true for endergonic reactions? A. the products have more free energy than the reactants B. the products have less free energy than the reactants C. reactants will always be completely converted to products D. A net output of energy is generated by the reactions E. the reactions decrease the free energy in the products and increase the energy of the surrounding environment

A

you have a friend that recently lost 15 lbs. Where did the fat go? A. it was released at CO2 and H2O B. chemical energy was converted to heat and then released C. it was converted to ATP which weighs less than fat D. it was broken down to amino acids and eliminated from the body E. it was converted to urine and eliminated

A

the H+ gradient across a membrane drives __ and occurs in ___

ATP formation; the mitochondrion and the chloroplast

A bag contained a solution with an unknown sucrose concentration. The bag was made of an artificial membrane with pores large enough to let water pass but not sucrose. The bag was placed in a solution of 0.5M sucrose. After 20 minutes the bag was removed and had more water than before. Which statement below is probable true? A. the bag had >0.5M sucrose initially and a higher concentration after 20 minutes B. the bag had > 0.5M sucrose initially and a lower concentration after 20 minutes C. The bag had a concentration of 0.5M all of the time D. the bag had <0.5M sucrose initially and a higher concentration after 20 minutes E. the bag had 0.5M sucrose initially and a lower concentration after 20 minutes

B

The gene for black or grey body color in fruit flies (b) has a recombination rate of 17% with the gene for vestigial wings (vg). The gene for black or grey body color in fruit flies has a recombination rate of 9% with the gene for red or cinnabar eyes (cn). Which statement is true? A. the gene (b) is closer to the gene (vg) than the gene (cn) B. the gene (b) is closer to the gene (cn) than the gene (vg) C. the genes (b), (cn), and (vg) are unlinked D. the genes (b) and (cn) are linked but the gene (b) and (vg) are unlinked E. the genes (b) and (vg) are linked but the genes (b) and (cn) are unlinked

B

Which of the following is an example of polygenic inheritance? A. pink floer color in snapdragons B. skin color in humans C. the ABO blood groups in humans D. cinnabar eye color in fruit flies E. white and purple flower color in sweet peas

B

because organisms are made primarily of water, they resist rapid temperatures changes. This useful quality is based on water's? A. cohesion B. high specific heat C. buffering activity D. ability to form colloids E. lower density in the solid phase

B

in his transformation experiment, Griffith observed that ___ A. mutant mice were resistant to bacterial infections B. Mixing a heat-killed pathogenic strain of bacteria with a living nonpathogenic strain can convert some of the living cells into the pathogenic form C.Mixing a heat-killed nonpathogenic strain of bacteria with a living pathogenic strain makes the pathogenic strain nonpathogenic D. infecting mice with the nonpathogenic strain of bacteria makes them resistant to the pathogenic strain E. Infecting mice with the pathogenic strain of bacteria makes them resistant to the pathogenic strain

B

links two pieces of DNA together A. DNA polymerase II B. DNA ligase C. primase D. helicase E. DNA polymerase I

B

you have a yeast strain that has a defect in cytochrome oxidase and cannot do electron transport. Under what condition, if any, could that cell grow? A. It can still grow by aerobic respiration B. It can still grow by alcohol fermentation C. it can still grow by photosynthesis D. B and C are correct E. It will not be able to grow under any circumstances

B

A mole of water weighs 18 grams with a mole of sucrose weighs 342 grams. Which statement is true? A. Mole of sucrose has more molecules than a mole of water B. A mole of sucrose has the same number of molecules as a mole of water C. A mole of sucrose has less molecules than a mole of water D. Moles are known for their excellent Vision

B. A mole of sucrose has the same number of molecules as a mole of water

Oncologist try to kill cancer cells using chemotherapy drugs that inhibit cell division i rapidly dividing cells. Which type(s) of drug affecting microtubules listed below might be useful in inhibiting cancer? A. a drug that inhibits microtubule elongation should be effective B. A drug that inhibits microtubule shortening should be effective C. both drugs listed in answers A and B should be effective D. neither of these types of drugs would be expected to inhibit cell division

C

Which source of energy is most directly responsible for ATP synthesis in the chloroplast? A. NADH oxidation on the thylakoid membrane B. NADPH oxidation on the thylakoid membrane C. A pH gradient across the thylakoid membrane D. Co2 fixation in the stroma E. light converting ADP+ phosphate to ATP

C

cellulose does not readily react with O2 forming CO2 and H2O at room temperature because___ A. cellulose has a lower free energy than CO2 and H2O B. the reaction of cellulose with O2 is endergonic C. at room temperature the activation energy barrier for this reaction cannot be surmounted D. cellulose can only be broken down to glucose, not CO2 and O2 E. the beta glycosidic linkages prevent the reaction with O2

C

in aerobic cellular respiration, oxygen is directly required in ___ A. glycolysis B. Krebs Cycle C. accepting electrons at the end of the electron transport chain D. oxidation of pyruvate to form acetyl CoA E. hemoglobin

C

the molecular formula of glucose is C6H12O6. What would be the molecular formula of a polymer made by linking ten glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions? A. C60H120O60 B. C60H118O59 C. C60H102O51 D. C60H100O50 E. C60H111O51

C

which is an example of co-transport in an intestinal epithelial cell? A. Using H+ ions pumped out of the cell to bring glucose into the cell B. Using CL- ions pumped out of the cell to bring glucose into the cell C. Using Na+ ions pumped out of the cell to bring glucose into the cell D. Exchanging Cl- ions for the glucose (Cl- foes out and glucose comes in the the cell) E. Exchanging Na+ ions for glucose (Na+ goes out and glucose comes into the cell)

C

The most common form of calcium has 20 protons, 20 neutrons, and 20 electrons. Which of the following elements would be an isotope of calcium? A. an atom with 21 protons, 20 neutrons, and 21 electrons B. an atom with 20 protons, 20 neutrons, and 18 electrons C. an atom with 20 protons, 21 neutrons, and 20 electrons D. an atom with 21 protons, 21 neutrons, and 21 electrons E.All the above are isotopes

C.

Sulfur had 6 electrons in its outer electron shell. It combines covalently with hydrogen to form a table (and smelly) compound. What is the structure of this compound? A. HS B. HS2 C. H2S D. H3S2 E. H4S

C. H2S

In trying to determine whether DNA or protein is the genetic material, Hershey and Chase made use of which of the following facts? A. DNA does not contain sulfur, whereas protein does not B. DNA contains phosphorus, but protein does not C. DNA contains nitrogen, whereas protein does not D. Answers A and B are correct E. A, B and C

D

The nucleus and mitochondria contain ___, but the lysosome and the cell wall do not. A. carbohydrate B. lipid C. protein D. nucleic acid E. all of the above

D

hydrogen bonding between water molecules influences A. an insect's ability to walk on water B. the ability of a tree to transfer water from the roots to the leaves C. the ability of water to store large quantities of heat D. All above E. None of the above

D

Which of the sequences below goes from the largest to the smallest? A. liver cells, hemoglobin, carbon atom, cell nucleus, amino acid B. liver cell, hemoglobin, amino acid cell nucleus, carbon atoms C. liver cell, cell nucleus, hemoglobin, amino acid, carbon atom D. liver cell, cell nucleus, amino acid, hemoglobin, carbon atom E. cell nucleus, liver cell, hemoglobin, amino acid, carbon atom

D.

Why is water cohesive? A. Water molecules are nonpolar B One Side of the molecule is slightly positive and the other side slightly negative C. Water molecules participate in hydrogen bonds D. Answers B and C are correct D. All of the above are correct

D. B and C are correct

Based on the dissociation patterns shown below which of the following would be considered a base? A. HF --> H+ and F- B. HCl --> H+ and Cl- C. NaCl --> Na+ and Cl- D. NaF --> Na+ and F- E. KOH --> K+ and OH-

E

Place the following in the correct order from smallest to biggest A. human fibroblast cell, amino acid, lysosome, triglyceride B. triglyceride, huan fibroblast, amino acid, lysosome C. amino acid, lysosome, triglyceride, human fibroblast cell D. triglyceride, amino acid, lysosome, human fibroblast cell E. amino acid, triglyceride, lysosome, human fibroblast cell

E

Removes the RNA primer and replaces with DNA A. DNA polymerase II B. DNA ligase C. primase D. helicase E. DNA polymerase I

E

Which component is present in prokaryotic cells? A. Mitochondria B. Cytoskeleton C. Golgi apparatus D. Endoplasmic reticulum E. Ribosomes

E. ribosomes

if a heterozygous red eyed female is crossed with a white eyed male, what is the phenotype of the progeny?

Half of the males will have red eye and half will have white eyes, half of the females will have red and half will have white

Compare the amount of DNA in a cell in G1 phase and G2 phase

cells in G2 have twice the DNA as cells in G1

Chromosomes that carry the same assembly of genes controlling the same traits are best described as ___

homologous chromosomes

if a person has two identical alleles, he/she is __ for that gene

homozygous

What holds together the bases pairs in DNA, Like G to C?

hydrogen bonds between bases

a molecule that has all nonpolar covalent bonds would be

hydrophobic

where is Rubisco located in the plant cell

in the chloroplast stroma

during vigorous exercise, anaerobic muscle cells produce ___ and gain ___

lactate; ATP

which organelle prevents small charged molecules like Na+ from rapidly entering the cell?

plasma membrane

if a phenotypic trait is controlled by more than one gene it is

polygenic trait

which molecule or complex contains an anticodon? A. a ribosome B. a centromere C. mRNA D. rRNA E. tRNA

tRNA