Biology 201 Final

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closer to the head

Cephalic means

Inserts on head of fibula

Characterize each component of the hamstring muscle group by selecting each muscle's distinguishing feature(s).

Inserts on medial condyle of tibia

Characterize each component of the hamstring muscle group by selecting each muscle's distinguishing feature(s).

Inserts on proximal medial shaft of tibia

Characterize each component of the hamstring muscle group by selecting each muscle's distinguishing feature(s).

cartilage matrix.

Chondroblasts produce

bone matrix

Collagen and calcium hydroxyapatite are the primary constituents of

surrounds each muscle fiber.

Endomysium is a delicate network of loose connective tissue that

surrounds individual muscles.

Epimysium

tightly packed cells

Epithelial tissue is characterized by

are the basic units in compact bone tissue.

Haversian systems or osteons

size of muscle fibers.

Hypertrophy of skeletal muscles from weight lifting is caused by an increase in the

Pectoralis Minor

Identify each muscle.

Serratus Anterior

Identify each muscle.

Extension of forearm

Identify the action of the highlighted muscle.

Supinator of forearm

Identify the action of the highlighted muscle.

deltoid

Identify the highlighted muscle, which is involved in lateral and medial rotation of the arm.

Diaphragm

Identify the highlighted muscles of respiration.

External Intercostal

Identify the highlighted muscles of respiration.

Internal Intercostal

Identify the highlighted muscles of respiration.

External Abdominal Oblique

Identify the muscle whose fibers run inferomedially.

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

Identify the muscles of the quadriceps and hamstring group by placing the appropriate muscle name in the correct category. Hamstring group

vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, rectus femoris, vastus intermedius

Identify the muscles of the quadriceps and hamstring group by placing the appropriate muscle name in the correct category. Quadriceps group

Gastrocnemius

Identify the muscles whose tendons contribute to the calcaneal tendon.

Soleus

Identify the muscles whose tendons contribute to the calcaneal tendon.

It is responsible for locomotion.

Identify the statement concerning skeletal muscle that is true.

positive feedback

Imagine the following scernerio: Blood pressure decreases below normal levels.→ Blood flow to the heart decreases → Heart is unable to pump as much blood.→ Blood pressure decreases even more. This is an example of __________ feedback.

both radius and ulna

In a farm accident, a man has his arm severed midway between his wrist and his elbow. Which of the following bones was severed?

the active sites on actin must be blocked.

In order for muscle relaxation to occur,

temporal bone

In the TMJ joint, the mandible articulates with the

Tibial collateral ligament

Indicate the components of the "unhappy triad."

Iliocostalis

Indicate the three components of the erector spinae muscle group.

Longissimus

Indicate the three components of the erector spinae muscle group.

Spinalis

Indicate the three components of the erector spinae muscle group.

thin, dead scaly cells

Fingernails are comprised of

Simple tubular

Label the #1 simple exocrine glands based on its structural classification.

Cubital

Label the #2 region of the body

Brachial

Label the #3 region of the body

Simple coiled tubular

Label the #3 simple exocrine glands based on its structural classification.

femoral

Label the #4 region of the body

Simple acinar

Label the #4 simple exocrine glands based on its structural classification.

Crural

Label the #5 region of the body

Simple branched acinar

Label the #5 simple exocrine glands based on its structural classification.

Maxilla

Label the 1st bone of the skull in lateral view.

Navicular

Label the 1st structure of the ankle and foot.

Temporal bone

Label the 5th bone of the skull in lateral view.

Calcaneus

Label the 5th structure of the ankle and foot.

Lateral collateral ligament

Label the 5th structure of the knee.

Medial meniscus

Label the 6th structure of the knee.

Zygomatic bone

Label the 7th bone of the skull in lateral view.

Talus

Label the 7th structure of the ankle and foot.

Medial collateral ligament

Label the 7th structure of the knee.

Nasal bone

Label the 9th bone of the skull in lateral view.

Vomer

Label the bone of the anterior skull.

Pelvic girdle

Label the bone of the lower body.

Ethmoid bone

Label the bones of the orbit.

Lacrimal bone

Label the bones of the orbit.

Sphenoid bone

Label the bones of the orbit.

Greater wing of sphenoid

Label the bones of the skull in inferior view.

Acromion process of scapula

Label the bony structures of the shoulder and upper limb.

Glenoid cavity of scapula

Label the bony structures of the shoulder and upper limb.

Spine of scapula

Label the bony structures of the shoulder and upper limb.

Digastric

Label the featured muscles, each of which attach to the mastoid process.

Sternocleidomastoid

Label the featured muscles, each of which attach to the mastoid process.

Crista galli

Label the specific bony features in the superior view of the cranial cavity.

Foramen lacerum

Label the specific bony features in the superior view of the cranial cavity.

Middle cranial fossa

Label the specific bony features in the superior view of the cranial cavity.

Trapezium

Label the specific carpal bones.

Trapezoid

Label the specific carpal bones.

Triquetrum

Label the specific carpal bones.

Distal epiphysis

Label the structures of the bone.

Proximal epiphysis

Label the structures of the bone.

Shaft (diaphysis)

Label the structures of the bone.

Patellar surface

Label the structures of the knee.

toward the back of the body

Posterior means

regulates body temperature

The integumentary system

symphsis pubis

The junction of two pubic bones is the

vomer and ethmoid

Which of the following bones forms the nasal septum?

maxilla

Which of the following bones is a facial bone?

rib

Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?

smooth muscle

Which type of muscle tissue has spindle-shaped cells?

skeletal muscle

Which type of muscle tissue is multinucleated?

both skeletal and cardiac muscle

Which type of muscle tissue possesses striations?

nervous tissue

Which type of tissue contains cells called neurons?

epithelial tissue

Which type of tissue forms linings or coverings?

muscle tissue

Which type of tissue is contractile?

connective tissue

Which type of tissue possesses an abundant extracellular matrix?

pubic region

what is the name of abdominal region #8

Left inguinal region

what is the name of abdominal region #9

medial

1.Label the directional terms based on the arrows.

Back

1.Label the region of the back.

Sebaceous glands

1.What does the structure represent on the diagram?

lateral

2.Label the directional terms based on the arrows.

Scapular

2.Label the region of the back.

subcutaneous tissue

2.What does the structure represent on the diagram?

proximal

3.Label the directional terms based on the arrows.

triangle of ascultation

3.Label the region of the back.

arrector pili

3.What does the structure represent on the diagram?

a muscle produces constant tension during contraction.

An isotonic contraction is described as

the study of structure

Anatomy is

scapula

Another name for the shoulder blade is the

2, 4, 3, 1

Arrange the following in order from the diencephalon downward. (1) spinal cord (2) midbrain (3) medulla (4) pons

1, 3, 4, 2, 5

Arrange the following list of biochemical events in the correct sequence. (1) An action potential is conducted deep into the muscle fiber by the T tubule. (2) Calcium ions bind to troponin. (3) The membranes of the sarcoplasmic reticulum become more permeable to calcium ions. (4) Calcium ions diffuse into the sarcoplasm around the myofibril. (5) The troponin-tropomyosin complex moves exposing active sites.

sarcolemma, T tubules, sarcoplasmic reticulum, calcium ions

Arrange these structures as they participate in excitation-contraction.

keratinization

As skin cells move toward the surface of the body, they produce a protein that reduces water loss. This process is called __________.

coronal plane

Label body plane #1

oblique plane

Label body plane #2

transverse plane

Label body plane #3

sagittal plane

Label body plane #4

Deltoid

Label the #1 region of the body

Simple branched tubular

Label the #2 simple exocrine glands based on its structural classification.

Femur

Label the 1st structure of the knee.

Occipital bone

Label the 2nd bone of the skull in lateral view.

Lateral cuneiform

Label the 2nd structure of the ankle and foot.

Lateral meniscus

Label the 2nd structure of the knee.

Parietal bone

Label the 3rd bone of the skull in lateral view.

Cuboid

Label the 3rd structure of the ankle and foot.

Fibula

Label the 3rd structure of the knee.

Mandible

Label the 4th bone of the skull in lateral view.

Intermediate cuneiform

Label the 4th structure of the ankle and foot.

Tibia

Label the 4th structure of the knee.

Frontal bone

Label the 6th bone of the skull in lateral view.

Medial cuneiform

Label the 6th structure of the ankle and foot.

Sphenoid bone

Label the 8th bone of the skull in lateral view.

Transverse ligament

Label the 8th structure of the knee.

Maxilla

Label the bones of the skull in inferior view.

Palatine bone

Label the bones of the skull in inferior view.

Sphenoid bone

Label the bones of the skull in inferior view.

Vomer

Label the bones of the skull in inferior view.

Zygomatic arch

Label the bones of the skull in inferior view.

Greater tubercle

Label the bony structures of the shoulder and upper limb.

Head of humerus

Label the bony structures of the shoulder and upper limb.

Humerus

Label the bony structures of the shoulder and upper limb.

Splenius Capitis

Label the featured muscles, each of which attach to the mastoid process.

Anterior clinoid process

Label the specific bony features in the superior view of the cranial cavity.

Anterior cranial fossa

Label the specific bony features in the superior view of the cranial cavity.

Foramen magnum

Label the specific bony features in the superior view of the cranial cavity.

Posterior clinoid process

Label the specific bony features in the superior view of the cranial cavity.

Posterior cranial fossa

Label the specific bony features in the superior view of the cranial cavity.

Hamate

Label the specific carpal bones.

Hook of hamate

Label the specific carpal bones.

Lunate

Label the specific carpal bones.

Pisiform

Label the specific carpal bones.

Scaphoid

Label the specific carpal bones.

Anterior cruciate ligament

Label the structures of the knee.

Lateral condyle of femur

Label the structures of the knee.

Medial condyle of femur

Label the structures of the knee.

Posterior cruciate ligament

Label the structures of the knee.

Superior articular surface of tibia

Label the structures of the knee.

Coccyx

Label the structures of the pelvis.

Ilium

Label the structures of the pelvis.

Intervertebral disc

Label the structures of the pelvis.

Ischium

Label the structures of the pelvis.

Lumbar vertebra

Label the structures of the pelvis.

Pubis

Label the structures of the pelvis.

Sacrum

Label the structures of the pelvis.

Atlas

Label the structures of the vertebral column.

Axis

Label the structures of the vertebral column.

Cervical vertebrae

Label the structures of the vertebral column.

Intervertebral foramen

Label the structures of the vertebral column.

Lumbar vertebrae

Label the structures of the vertebral column.

Thoracic vertebrae

Label the structures of the vertebral column.

Vertebra prominens

Label the structures of the vertebral column.

is organized into thin sheets of tissue

Lamellar bone

armpit

The axillary region is the __________.

smooth muscle

What type of muscle tissue causes vasoconstriction?

Simple cuboidal epithelium

What type of tissue is #1

Pseudostratified epithelium

What type of tissue is #2

Stratified squamous epithelium

What type of tissue is #3

Transitional epithelium

What type of tissue is #4

Adductor longus

When one is suffering from a "pulled groin," which muscle is often involved?

"goose bumps" form on the skin

When the arrector pili muscles contract,

foramen - a hole for a blood vessel

Which of the following anatomical features of bones is correctly matched with its function?

styloid process - point of articulation of mandible with skull

Which of the following bony features is mismatched with its description?

osteoclast

Which of the following cell types is responsible for breaking down bone matrix?

Adipose connective tissue

Which of the following contains closely packed cells, forms a protective cushion around organs, insulates the body, and stores energy?

Lateral cervical triangle

label the 7th region of the head and neck

Anterior cervical triangle

label the 8th region of the head and neck

Right hypochondriac region

what is the name of abdominal region #1

epigastric region

what is the name of abdominal region #2

left hypochondriac region

what is the name of abdominal region #3

right flank region

what is the name of abdominal region #4

umbilical region

what is the name of abdominal region #5

left flank region

what is the name of abdominal region #6

Right inguinal region

what is the name of abdominal region #7

Teres minor

What are the four rotator cuff muscles?

the tibia

An example of a long bone would be

Histology

The study of tissue is

buccal region

label the 5th region of the head and neck

mental region

label the 6th region of the head and neck

bone to bone

Ligaments attach

cervical

The _____ region of the vertebral column is located in the neck.

axon

Which of the following is associated with nervous tissue?

distal

4.Label the directional terms based on the arrows.

Vertebral

4.Label the region of the back.

hair follicle

4.What does the structure represent on the diagram?

Sacral

5.Label the region of the back.

Lumbar

6.Label the region of the back.

complete tetanus.

A condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly that there are no intervening relaxations between contractions is called

Humerus

A dislocated shoulder involves separation of the __________ from the scapula.

contraction with no relaxation.

A drug that interferes with the active transport of calcium ions from the sarcoplasm back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum would result in

fibrous joint

A joint that has no joint cavity and exhibits little or no movement would be classified as a

Part of the stomach wall

A muscle cell contains a single nucleus and does not contain any striations. Which of the following is a location where that cell will be found?

prone

A person lying with his/her face down is said to be in what position?

occipital

A person who gets hit on the back of the head might suffer injury to which of these bones?

jaw

A person with a fractured mandible has a broken

An increase in the respiratory rate

A researcher discovered a sensory receptor that detects decreasing oxygen concentrations in the blood. According to the principles of negative feedback, it is likely that stimulation of this sensory receptor will produce which of the following types of responses?

one Z disk to an adjacent Z disk.

A sarcomere extends from

structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle cell.

A sarcomere is the

Simple acinar

A student is asked to classify a gland based on the following observations: It contains a duct, the duct is straight without branches, and the secretory portion is a saclike structure. What type of gland is being described?

subcutaneous layer

A subcutaneous injection delivers medication into the __________.

Tetanus

A sustained muscle contraction is known as

proximal

A term that means "toward the attached end of a limb" is __________.

lactic acid.

A waste product of anaerobic respiration in muscle cells is

cuneiform

A woman who drops something on her foot might injure which of the following bones?

Increased infections, brittle hair, increased water loss from skin, and cracked skin

Accutane (Isotretinoin) is a prescriptive drug used to treat severe acne by reducing sebum production. What would be the side effects of decreased sebum production for the integumentary system?

Diaphysis

An X-ray determines that Peter fractured the shaft of his humerus. The break is in the _____________ of the bone.

a muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing.

An eccentric contraction is described as

lining the small intestine

An epithelium consists of a single layer of tall, narrow cells. Which of the following is a location where this epithelium can be found?

epidermis of the skin

An epithelium consists of multiple layers of cells that are cube-shaped in the basal layer and progressively flattened toward the surface. Which of the following is a location where this epithelium can be found?

lordosis

An exaggerated curvature of the lumbar region is

had undergone atrophy.

Betsy took a fall, broke her arm, and when she took the cast off she was alarmed to see that her muscles

negative feedback

Blood glucose concentration rises after a meal and stimulates the pancreas to release the hormone insulin. Insulin travels in the blood and stimulates the uptake of glucose by body cells from the bloodstream, thus reducing blood glucose concentration. This is an example of _________.

flexion

Bowing the head is an example of

have striations.

Cardiac muscle cells are like skeletal muscle cells in that they both

it has few, if any, blood vessels.

Cartilage heals slowly after an injury because

unite two bones by means of fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage.

Cartilaginous joints

dense regular collagenous tissue

Connective tissue in tendons is

Masseter

Correctly label the highlighted muscle.

Orbicularis Oris

Correctly label the highlighted muscle.

Temporalis

Correctly label the highlighted muscle.

Extension and lateral rotation of arm

Describe the action(s) of the posterior part of the featured muscle whose fibers originate from three different points.

Lateral flexion of neck

Describe the unilateral action of the highlighted muscle.

Adduction of arm

Determine which is the correct action of the featured muscle.

Only muscle that flexes the distal interphalangeal joint

Distinguish the featured muscle from other anterior forearm muscles.

creatine phosphate

During resting conditions, _________ is synthesized to store energy?

actin-myosin cross-bridges form.

During the contraction phase of a muscle twitch,

Elongated fibers (cells) that are specialized to contract

Elongated fibers (cells) that are specialized to contractOn an exam, a student is asked to briefly describe the structure and function of muscle tissue. Which of the following responses is the best description?

2, 3, 1, 4

List the following structures in order from smallest to largest. (1) muscle fiber (2) myofilament (3) myofibril (4) muscle fasciculus

Extensor carpi radialis longus, Extensor carpi radialis brevis, Extensor digitorum, Extensor carpi ulnaris

List the posterior forearm muscles in order from lateral to medial.

Rectus femoris

Match each label to its corresponding muscle of the quadriceps femoris.

Vastus intermedius

Match each label to its corresponding muscle of the quadriceps femoris.

Vastus lateralis

Match each label to its corresponding muscle of the quadriceps femoris.

Vastus medialis

Match each label to its corresponding muscle of the quadriceps femoris.

responds to stimulation by the nervous system.

Muscles exhibit the property of excitability. This means that the muscle

thick myofilament.

Myosin is also known as the

occipital region

Name the 1st region of the body

acromial region

Name the 2nd region of the body

gluteal region

Name the 3rd region of the body

popiteal region

Name the 4th region of the body

heel region

Name the 5th region of the body

Body

Name the bony structures of the thoracic cage.

False Ribs

Name the bony structures of the thoracic cage.

Floating ribs

Name the bony structures of the thoracic cage.

Sternum

Name the bony structures of the thoracic cage.

True Ribs

Name the bony structures of the thoracic cage.

Xiphoid process

Name the bony structures of the thoracic cage.

manubrium

Name the bony structures of the thoracic cage.

External abdominal oblique; Origin: ribs and costal cartilages 5-12

Select the correct label and characteristic for each of the featured muscles.

deltoid, supraspinatus

Place the muscle under the appropriate action. Abduction of arm

lattissimus dorsi, teres major, coracobrachialis, pectoralis major

Place the muscle under the appropriate action. Adduction of arm

long head of triceps brachii, teres major, latissimus dorsi, and posterior deltoid

Place the muscle under the appropriate action. Extension of arm

gluteus maximus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris

Place the muscle under the appropriate action. Extension of thigh

Biceps brachii, pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, and coracobrachialis

Place the muscle under the appropriate action. Flexion of arm

the illiacus, rectus femoris, Psoas major, sartorius, and tensor fasciae latae

Place the muscle under the appropriate action. Flexion of thigh

closer than another structure to the point of attachment to the trunk.

Proximal means

cross-bridges form but can't release.

Rigor mortis occurs after death because

pronation

Rotating the forearm so that the palm faces posteriorly is called

cytoplasm of muscle cells.

Sarcoplasm is the

Internal abdominal oblique; Origin: inguinal ligament, linea alba, & thoracolumbar fascia

Select the correct label and characteristic for each of the featured muscles.

Rectus abdominis; Origin: pubic crest and pubic symphysis

Select the correct label and characteristic for each of the featured muscles.

Transversus abdominis; Insertion: Pubic body, linea alba, & sternum (xiphoid process)

Select the correct label and characteristic for each of the featured muscles.

Gluteus maximus

Select the muscle that is important for powerful extension of the femur/thigh, but NOT important in walking.

taste buds.

Sensory structures that detect taste are

quantity of melanin in the skin

Skin color is the result of the

are under involuntary control.

Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle are similar in that they both

store adipose tissue.

Some marrow of long bones is termed "yellow" marrow under normal conditions. The function of yellow marrow is to

flexion of forearm

Specify the action of the deep muscle, which lies on the anterior surface of the humerus.

contains interconnecting plates called trabeculae.

Spongy bone tissue

plantar flexion.

Standing on one's toes is an example of a movement called

gila

Support cells of the brain and spinal cord are called __________.

acetylcholine.

Synaptic vesicles in the neuromuscular junction contain

conduct action potentials deep into the muscle cell.

T tubules

Coracobrachialis

The ______ muscle works as a synergist to the pectoralis major muscle in flexing and adducting the arm.

shoulder to the elbow

The anatomical arm refers to the part of the upper limb from the

lateral

The anatomical term that means "away from the midline of the body" is __________.

forearm

The antebrachial region is the

the light-scattering properties of collagen.

The blue color of superficial blood vessels results from

osteocyte.

The cell type that is responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed is the

neck

The cervical region is the __________.

kneecap

The common name for the patella is the

breastbone

The common name for the sternum is the

Periosteum

The covering of the outer surface of bone is the

synchondrosis.

The epiphyseal plate of a growing bone is actually a temporary joint called a

intervertebral disk.

The fibrocartilage located between the bodies of adjacent vertebrae is the

epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous

The four primary tissue types are

humerus articulates with the scapula.

The glenoid cavity is where the

groin

The inguinal region is commonly known as the __________.

detection of heat and touch

The integumentary system has many functions, one of which is

lower back

The lumbar region is the

sliding filament model.

The model that describes the contraction of the muscle is called the

retina.

The only place in the body where blood vessels can be viewed directly is the

inversion

The opposite of eversion is

optic nerve

The optic foramen is an opening in the sphenoid bone for the passage of the

chest area

The pectoral region is the

bottom of foot

The plantar surface is the

root

The portion of the hair below the surface of the skin is the __________.

A band

The region of the sarcomere that contains both actin and myosin myofilaments is called the

thoracic

The ribs articulate with the _____ vertebrae.

two parietal bones.

The sagittal suture is located between the

stores calcium ions.

The sarcoplasmic reticulum

proximal

The shoulder is __________ to the elbow.

neuromuscular junctions.

The sites where a chemical substance is transmitted from the presynaptic terminal of an axon to the postsynaptic membrane of a muscle fiber are called

lateral

The thumb is __________ to the fifth digit (little finger).

smooth

The type of muscle found in the walls of blood vessels is __________ muscle.

false

The type of neurotransmitter or hormone that binds to receptors on smooth muscle plasma membranes determines the response of the muscle. True or False

parietal peritoneum.

The wall of the abdominopelvic cavity is lined by a serous membrane called the

carpal bone

The wrist is composed of eight

kyphosis

This condition is also known as hump back.

ball and socket

This type of joint is multiaxial allowing a wide range of movement.

has a calcium-binding site.

Troponin

has no ducts

Unlike an exocrine gland, an endocrine gland

Infraspinatus

What are the four rotator cuff muscles?

Subscapularis

What are the four rotator cuff muscles?

Supraspinatus

What are the four rotator cuff muscles?

nasolacrimal canal

What canal conveys tears from the eyes to the nasal cavity?

tissue

What is a collection of similar cells and surrounding substances?

adduction of arm

What is the action of the pectoralis major muscle?

medullary cavity

What is the area where marrow is located?

supraspinatus

What is the function of the highlighted muscle?

histology

What is the microscopic study of tissues?

matrix

What is the name of this hair structure?

hair shaft

What is the name of this structures?

Pubis (body and inferior ramus)

What is the origin of this muscle of the thigh?

sweat gland

What is this accessory structure?

dermis

What is this skin layer called?

dermal root sheath

What is this structure called?

epidermis

What layer of skin is this?

stratum basale

What layer of the epidermis is this?

stratum corneum

What layer of the epidermis is this?

stratum granulosum

What layer of the epidermis is this?

stratum lucidum

What layer of the epidermis is this?

stratum spinosum

What layer of the epidermis is this?

smooth muscle tissue

What type of muscle tissue causes peristalsis?

acts as a reservoir for oxygen

Which of the following correctly describes myoglobin's special function in muscle tissue?

constriction of organsm

Which of the following is NOT a function of skeletal muscle?

As body temperature rises, sweating occurs to cool the body.

Which of the following is consistent with homeostasis?

short bone - carpal bone

Which of the following is correctly matched?

myosin myofilaments - thin myofilaments

Which of the following is mismatched?

femur

Which of the following is not a coxal bone?

coronal

Which of the following is not a term that describes a cut that separates the body into left and right portions?

Every muscle fiber receives a branch of an axon from the nerve.

Which of the following is true about skeletal muscle?

Both actin and myosin myofilaments shorten during contraction.

Which of the following statements regarding the sliding filament model is false?

twitch

Which of the following would occur as a result of a single muscle contraction?

external auditory canal

Which skull canal conveys sound waves to the eardrum?

Capitate