Biology (anatomical terms)

Sagittal plane

A cut divining the body into right and left halves; mid-sagittal into equal halves. Divide into right/left halves

Frontal plane

A cut that divides the body into dorsal and ventral halves. Side of body. Front/back halves

Transverse plane

A cut that is perpendicular to the anterior/posterior axis; a cross section. Top/bottom

Anterior

Along the front surface or towards the head. Term means "in front of" (posterior)

Distal

Toward the end of the appendage farthest away from the body or point of attachment ( proximal)

Proximal

Toward the end of the appendage nearest the body or point of attachment (distal)

Cranial

Toward the head (caudal)

Medial

Toward the middle of the body (lateral)

Caudal

Toward the tail (cranial)

Dorsal

Toward the upper surface or along the back; sometimes synonymous with posterior (ventral)

Ventral

Towards the lower surface or along the front; sometimes synonymous with anterior (dorsal)

Posterior

Along the rear surface or towards the tail. Term means "in back of" (anterior)

Lateral

Away from the midline of the body; toward the side (medial)