Biology- Cell Review

T/F: In modern cell theory, all cells are know to be vastly different in chemical composition even in organisms of similar species.

False: similar

T/F: According to cell theory, things grow because their cells get larger.

False: they divide and replicate

T/F: The adult body consists of a few hundred cells.

False: trillions

T/F: According to cell theory, you create a cell by combining molecules in a laboratory.

False: you can't make them out of molecules. Cells come from other cells.

In 1665, the English scientist that invented a basic light microscope and observed cells for the first time was named Robert __________.

Hooke

What are the differences between pollen and algae cells?

Pollen cells have spikes; algae have tail-like projections

T/F: In modern cell theory, the activity of a multicellular organism depends on the total activity of independent cells.

True

T/F: Multicellular organisms have many types of specialized cells in their bodies.

True

T/F: Organelles are structures that carry out specific functions inside the cell.

True

T/F: Prokaryotic cells contain ribosomes.

True

T/F: Rudolf Virchow developed the hypothesis that cells only come from other cells.

True

T/F: Structures that are common to all cells indicate the common evolutionary history shared by living organisms.

True

T/F: The activity of an organism depends on the total activity of all its cells.

True

T/F: The hypothesis that cells came from other cells was developed in the mid-1800s.

True

T/F: Without cells, life as we know it would not exist.

True

T/F: Without ribosomes, cells are unable to make proteins.

True

The cell theory states that all cells come from preexisting cells. How could you demonstrate this with a science experiment?

Use microscope to observe bacteria dividing to form new copies of themselves.

The scientist who developed the hypothesis that all living ells arise fro other cells was Rudolph ________.

Virchow

The variability in different types of cells and their function is expressed by

genes

T/F: Cells from different species have distinct chemical compositions.

False: similar

T/F: All organisms are composed of cells.

True

T/F: Cells are the basic units of life is a part of cell theory.

True

T/F: Cells were first discovered in the 1600s.

True

According to modern cell theory, all cells arise from pre-existing cells by what process?

Cell division

The first organisms were probably made of how many cells?

1

T/F: According to modern cell theory, energy flow occurs around the outside of the cells.

False: inside

Which parts of the cell does the cytoplasm include?

All of the inside of the cell, except the nucleus

Basic needs of all cells include which of the following: the need to get energy from their environment, the need to respond to their environment, the need to reproduce.

All of them

Choose an example of structure-function relationships cells. Red blood cells, neuron muscle cells, sperm cells

All of them

Which of the following are common to all cells? Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes or DNA?

All of them

Which biologist first discovered single-celled, animalcules?

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Who identified what we now know as bacteria?

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Who was the first person to observe human cells?

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

T/F: Cell theory was introduced as soon as cells were discovered.

False: later after

T/F: All organisms are made up of one cell.

False: many

T/F: Ribosomes are structures in the cytoplasm where vitamins are made.

False: proteins

Which cellular part contains the instructions that cells need to make proteins?

DNA

what nucleic acid contains the genetic instructions to produce proteins?

DNA

T/F: All cells contain DNA is included in cell theory.

False

T/F: Most organisms are composed of cells is part of the cell theory.

False: All

T/F: According to cell theory, Some organisms are made of one or more cells.

False: all

T/F: the cytoplasm is made up of a watery substance called nucleoplasm.

False: cytoplasm

T/F: Cytosol is the portion of the cytoplasm that is within the membrane-bound organelles.

False: in the cytoplasm

____________ are structures inside cells that perform specific functions.

Organelles

What is the relationship between tissues and organs?

Organs are formed from tissues.

_________ blood cells are flat, round, and very small which allows easy maneuverability through the capillaries.

Red

____________ are organelles used during protein synthesis to make protein.

Ribosomes

Who first used the term "cell" when looking at a slice of cork under the microscope?

Robert Hooke

Who was the first person to see a cell?

Robert Hooke

Who developed the hypothesis that all cells come from other cells?

Rudolf Virchow

T/F: Cork comes from the bark of a tree. Cork is made of cells because it comes from a living organism.

True

Which zoologist stated that all cells act as the primary building blocks of life?

Theodor Schwann

T/F: A cell's function is partly based on its structure.

True

T/F: According to cell theory, all cells come from preexisting cells.

True

T/F: According to cell theory, all the life functions of organisms occur within cells.

True

T/F: According to the cell theory, all living things are made of cells.

True

T/F: Algae use tail-like projections for swimming in the water.

True

T/F: All cells come from other cells is a part of cell theory.

True

T/F: All cells have DNA

True

T/F: All cells have ribosomes, so that mean all cells will make proteins?

True

T/F: All cells must be able to separate their stable interior from the ever-changing external environment.

True

T/F: All life on Earth has a common evolutionary history.

True

T/F: All organisms are composed of cell is a part of cell theory.

True

What is the smallest unit that can perform the processes of life?

a cell

What word did Van Leeuwenhoek use for the tiny organisms he saw with his microscope?

animalcules

What year was the cell theory first proposed?

around 1850

What tool was needed to see the objects inside a cell?

electron microscope

What type of microscope is best for studying the structures found inside of cells?

electron microscope

In modern cell theory, the _____ is a fundamental unit of structure and function in all living organisms.

cell

The smallest unit of living things that can carry out the chemical reactions of life is the _____.

cell

What is the basic unit of structure and function of all living organisms?

cell

What is the smallest unit of life that can carry out life processes?

cell

Which level of organization is found in prokaryotes?

cell

What part of the cell forms a barrier to the outside environment?

cell membrane

What can we infer from nerve cells having long extensions that help them pass multiple messages to other cells simultaneously?

cell shape helps cells perform specific functions

The cell theory states that all organisms are made up of one or more __________.

cells

The microscopic building block of all living things are called ________.

cells

What are the smallest unit of life?

cells

What did Robert Hooke discover in cork pieces when using a microscope?

cells

Which of the following is true about the organization of living things?

cells are organized into tissues

What is the term given to the material inside the plasma membrane?

cytoplasm

What is the watery substance that makes up the cytoplasm?

cytosol

Cells produce new cells through the process of cell _____________.

division

What best describes cytoplasm?

include the watery substance in a cell

The plasma membrane is primarily composed of what type of molecule?

lipids

What is the cell membrane made up of?

lipids

What is the function of ribosomes?

make proteins

Which one of the following is NOT a common cell part in all cells?

mitochondria

Which type of organic compound is DNA

nucleic acid

A structure composed of two or more tissue that work to do a specific task is called a(n) ________.

organ

What consists of two or more types of tissues that work together to do a specific task?

organ

Semi-____________ refers to the ability to only allow certain molecules to cross the membrane.

permeable

Ribosomes are cell structures that make __________.

protein

DNA contains the instructions that cells need to make what organic compounds?

proteins

Which of the following cell structures is responsible for protein synthesis?

ribosome

Proteins are made on the ________.

ribosomes

What cell structures are proteins made on?

ribosomes

Which of the following is a feature of the plasma membrane? lack of compartmentalization, semi-permeable, embedded proteins, lipid bilayer

semi-permeable, embedded proteins, lipid bilayer

A group of cells of the same kind that perform the same function make up a ___________.

tissue

What is made of groups of specialized cells that work together to perform a specific function?

tissue

Specialized cells can be organized into ______________.

tissues

How many cells make up your body?

trillions