Biology: Cellular Respiration

What is the end result of glycolysis?

2 ATP, 2 NADH molecules, and 2 pyruvates

What are the products of the Krebs cycle (for two cycles)?

2 ATP, 8 NADH, 2 FADH2

End result of cellular respiration?

38 ATP can be produced from one molecule of glucose in the process of aerobic respiration.

What does the electron transport produce?

3o ATP from NADH and 4 ATP from FADH2 to make a total of 34 ATP.

What happens during the Krebs cycle?

Acetyl-CoA combines with OAA (oxaloacetate) , producing citric acid. After citric acid forms, it goes through a series of reactions that release energy. The energy is captured in molecules of NADH, ATP, and FADH2, another energy-carrying compound. Carbon dioxide is also released as a waste product of these reactions. The final step of the Krebs cycle regenerates OAA, which continues the cycle. Two turns are needed for molecule of glucose.

Chemical equation for cellular respiration

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Chemical Energy (in ATP)

What happens during the electron transport stage?

Energy from NADH and FADH2 is transferred to ATP.

What happens during glycolysis?

Enzymes split a molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate/ pyruvic acid.

Where does glycolysis take place?

In the cytosol of the cytoplasm.

Where does the electron transport take place?

In the inner membrane of mitochondria

Where does the Krebs cycle take place

In the matrix of mitochondria

What happens before the Krebs cycle, but after glycolysis?

Pyruvic acid is split apart and combined with an enzyme known as CoA. This produces acetyl-CoA. The third carbon from pyruvic acid combines with oxygen to form carbon dioxide, which is released as a waste product. High-energy electrons are also released and captured in NADH.

anaerobic respiration

Respiration in the absence of oxygen. Includes lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation

aerobic respiration

Respiration that requires oxygen

What happens to the "spent" electrons from the electron transport?

They combine with oxygen to form water

chemiosmotic gradient

This chemiosmotic gradient causes the ions to flow back across the membrane from the intermembrane space into the matrix.

ATP synthase

a channel protein, helps hydrogen ions cross the membrane. It also is an enzyme, forming ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.

What are the three stages of cellular respiration?

glycolysis, the Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle), and electron transport