Biology Ch. 1 - The Scientific Study of Life

Which of the following statements about the domain Bacteria is true?

All bacteria lack a nucleus

Which of the following statements about the properties of life is false?

All organisms have the ability to maintain a constant internal temperature.

What is the difference between a tissue and an organ system?

An organ system includes tissues.

Organisms that are prokaryotes are in the domains

Bacteria and Archaea.

Which of the following statements about genetics is true?

Differences among organisms reflect different nucleotide sequences in their DNA.

Which of the following statements about evolution is true?

Evolution is a passive process.

Which of the following is a kingdom within the domain Eukarya?

Fungi

Which of the following statements is not consistent with Darwin's theory of natural selection?

Individual organisms exhibit genetic change during their life spans to better fit their environment.

Life is organized in a hierarchical fashion. Which of the following sequences correctly lists that hierarchy as it increases in complexity?

Molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem.

If you eat a hamburger, you are mainly eating ground-up beef muscle. What levels of organization are represented in this ground-up muscle?

Organelle, cell, and tissue

A scientist examining a group of cells under the microscope notices the presence of nuclei within these cells. Chemical tests reveal that each cell is surrounded by a wall composed of cellulose. These cells must come from an organism that is a member of the kingdom

Plantae.

You notice that over the past month, many students on campus have started wearing a new style of school sweatshirt. You think to yourself that perhaps the bookstore has recently started selling this sweatshirt style. This prediction is an example of

a hypothesis

Which of the following observations would provide the strongest evidence that the many different plants we call orchids are actually related to one another?

They all have the same common ancestor.

Which of the following organisms belongs to the group represented in Box 1?

Tree (diagram of sunlight entering, exiting as heat, and going through the tree as chemical energy)

The tree in your backyard is home to two cardinals, a colony of ants, a wasp's nest, two squirrels, and millions of bacteria. Together, all of these organisms represent

a community.

The teeth of grain-eating animals (such as horses) are usually broad and ridged. This makes the teeth suitable for grinding and chewing. Meat-eating animals (such as lions) have pointed teeth that are good for puncturing and ripping flesh. This illustrates

a result of natural selection and connection between form and function.

A hypothesis is

a tentative answer to some question.

A consumer eating a producer represents

a transfer of chemical nutrients and energy.

A theory is

an explanation of an idea that is broad in scope with multiple lines of evidence.

All organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae

are photosynthetic and contain cells that are surrounded by cells walls with cellulose.

Members of the kingdom Animalia

can obtain their food by eating other organisms.

What feature is common to prokaryotes, fungi, and plants?

cell walls

Consider the following statement: "If all vertebrates have backbones, and turtles are vertebrates, then turtles have backbones." This statement is an example of

deductive reasoning.

Your instructor asks you to look into your microscope to see a prokaryotic cell. You will be looking for a cell that

has a membrane.

Members of the kingdom Fungi

include the mushrooms and yeasts, and decompose the remains of dead organisms and absorb nutrients from the leftovers.

As the environment changes,

natural selection adapts populations to their environment.

The role of a control in an experiment is to

provide a basis of comparison to the experimental group.

The ultimate source of energy flowing into nearly all ecosystems is

sunlight.

To be scientifically valid, a hypothesis must be

testable and falsifiable.

An antibiotic kills 99.9% of a bacterial population. You would expect the next generation of bacteria

to be more resistant to that antibiotic.

A scientist performs a controlled experiment. This means that

two experiments are conducted, one differing from the other by only a single variable.