Biology: Chapter 14 End-of-Chapter

Which of the following BEST describes a survivorship curve?

A survivorship curve reflects the relationship of survival rate with age.

Which of the following assumptions of logistic growth is NOT CORRECT for most populations?

All of the above are NOT CORRECT for most populations.

Life histories are based on:

All of the above.

The graph above shows the population size at which a population can most effectively be utilized for natural resources. Which of the following is an assumption about population growth implicit in this figure?

Carrying capacity does not change over time.

Which of the following is NOT true about a population?

Individuals within a population undergo genetic change.

Why is ecology studied at the population level or higher?

Most ecological process cannot be observed or studied at the individual level.

Exponential growth can continue indefinitely only if:

None of the above is correct; exponential growth cannot continue indefinitely.

Which one of the following characteristics is TRUE about a type I species, such as the giant tortoise?

None of these is true of a type I species.

Which of the following scenarios is MOST likely to result in oscillations of two populations together?

One population is the sole predator of another population.

Which of the following statements about maximum sustainable yield is incorrect?

The maximum sustainable yield for a population is a useful management guideline for harvesting plant products such as timber, but is not helpful for managing animal populations.

Which of the following characteristics is associated with a species whose life history strategy has a greater longevity and survival rate?

Their rate of population growth is low.

During the period from 25,000 to 10,000 years ago, when people were gatherer-hunters, the rate of population increase was slow; but from 10,000 to 5,000 years ago there was a dramatic increase in growth rate. Which of these factors is thought NOT to have contributed to this increase?

a decreased vulnerability to infectious disease in agricultural communities

Those species whose risk of death is low, would also be expected to:

age more slowly.

During exponential growth, the per capita rate of increase is:

constant.

Studies of human demography have revealed that:

countries with higher levels of education and employment have low birth rates.

Disease is spread more quickly between individuals who live in close proximity, such as in a nesting colony of penguins. Disease can be considered a:

density-dependent factor.

Dr. David Reznick has studied life history evolution in guppies that live in streams in Trinidad. Guppies are found in two different types of habitat: sites where predation is high, and sites where predation is low. Which of the following life history characteristics would you expect to evolve in a guppy population living in a high-predation site?

increased egg size

Logistic growth:

often occurs in populations living with limited resources.

In general, there is a positive correlation between body size and generation time. This statement is:

true; larger animals tend to have a longer generation time.

When does the growth rate of a population equal zero?

when deaths equal births