biology chapter 2
what is the maximum number of single covalent bonds that carbon atom can form with other elements
4
what is the basic structure of most lipids
A glycerol head and up to three fatty acid tails
what is a trace element
An element that is required in miniscule amounts for life
identify the reactants in the following chemical reaction C10H8+ 12 02- 10 CO2 + 4 H2O
C10H8 and 12 O2
the chemical name for table salt is sodium chloride or simply in NACL. what type of chemical is NACL
compound
the bond in which bonded atom share electrons is called an
covalent bond
the building of a large organic molecule from salt subunits in Bob's multiple
dehydration synthesis
in an atom the number neutrons determines most specifically the
isotope
what is the sum total of all chemical reactions that take place in your body
metabolism
what kind of bond joins amino acids together to form a protein
peptide bond
water pizza on synthetic fabric such as polyester that binds to cotton. what is the most likely explanation for this
polyester is nonpolar where is cotton is polar
what is another name for the polymers of carbohydrates
polysaccharides
enzymes are a type of
protein
during a chemical reaction Adams are
rearranged
which would have the highest concentration of carbon hydrogen bonds
saturated fat
oil hydrogenation can produce a product says it's vegetable shortening or margarine that is spreadable at room temperature because of an unusual bond that does not occur naturally. what is the name of this category of lipid
trans fat
which of the following dietary fats is considered to be the least healthy
trans fat
The majority of the elements of essential to life are found in what part of the periodic table
the top third
what will be accomplished by lowering the activation energy of a reaction
The reaction will proceed more quickly
what are the ecological consequences of acidification of rain and oceans
They damage the health of ecosystems.
something with a pH of 5 would be
acidic
what might happen if a protein has a change in winamino acid
all of these happen
select the most complete explanation of what the pH scale measures
the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution
how do buffers minimize change in the pH of biological systems
both of these
which is not one of the four elements that make up the bulk of living organisms
calcium
based on the suffix and molecule of malates is most likely what type of macromolecule
carb
which of the following large organic molecules include table sugar
carbohydrates
organic compounds are distinguished by molecules that contain _______ bonded to other elements
carbon
organic compounds are distinguished by molecules that contain ___________ bonded to other elements
carbon
what are the four classes of large organic molecules important to life on Earth
carbs proteins lipids and nucleic acids
which of the following is a polysaccharide
cellulose
a needle can be made to float on the surface tension of water. what causes the surface tension to form
the cohesion of water molecules to each other
why is one side of a single water molecule partially negative while the other side is partially positive
electron hairs on evenly share between the oxygen atom and the two hydrogen atoms
if the number of protons in an atom does not match the number of electrons The atom is called an
element
proteins are diverse molecules that perform a white variety of functions which of the following is not a typical function of proteins
energy storage
organic molecules that end in the suffix -ase often function as __________ molecules
enzymatic
evaluate the statement cholesterol is a type of lipid and thus all cholesterol lipids are bad for human health
false
The 2+ in Cu2+ tells us that this Atom
has two more protons than electrons
individual water molecules are held to one another by relatively ________ bonds
hydrogen
The breaking of a large organic molecule into smaller individual subunits involves multiple
hydrolysis reactions
All lipids are
hydrophobic
which of the following is not made from long chains of glucose
monosaccharides
large extent a protein function is dependent upon its shape. what determines a protein shape
sequence of amino acids