Biology Chapter 4 Quiz

The cell junctions in plant cells that provide channels between adjacent cells are generally _____.

tight junctions

The purpose of cellular respiration is the production of __________.

ATP

What do the rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes have in common?

They are constructed of interrelated membranes.

You have identified a new organism. It has ribosomes, plasmodesmata, and cell walls made of cellulose. This new organism is most likely a(n) __________.

plant

Chloroplasts are found in __________.

plant cells and some protists

You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to _____.

secrete a lot of material

Pancreatic cells produce large amounts of protein. About how many ribosomes would you expect there to be in a pancreatic cell?

several million

What is the relationship between the Golgi apparatus and the plasma membrane?

The finished products of the Golgi apparatus may leave the cell through vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane.

Your intestine is lined with individual cells. No fluids leak between these cells from the gut into your body. Why?

The intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions.

One function of the central vacuole in plant cells is facilitating cell growth: the central vacuole absorbs water and increases in size, expanding the volume and size of the plant cell while doing so. Animal cells, however, do not grow by this method. What is an essential difference between animal and plant cells that could explain how a plant cell can withstand this expansion of the central vacuole?

The plant cell wall provides a more rigid structure.

Which is a typical function of lysosomes?

breaking down of damaged organelles, such as mitochondria

The internal skeleton of a cell is composed of _____.

cellulose and intermediate filaments

Which of the following structures is directly involved in the passage of electrical signals between cells as, for example, in the vertebrate heart?

chemical synapses

Where would ribosomes be located that are responsible for producing enzymes which play a role in sugar metabolism?

cytosol

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in that they both __________; however, they are different in that only chloroplasts, and not mitochondria, __________.

have a double membrane ... carry out photosynthesis

What changes would you expect to see in the liver cells of someone suffering from chronic alcoholism?

increased levels of endoplasmic reticulum activity

The cells of a person with adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) swell with a buildup of fatty acids. In other words, fatty acids are not being broken down. Which organelle is most likely failing to function correctly?

lysosome

Mitochondria appear in the greatest numbers in cells that are _____.

metabolically active

The genetic center of the eukaryotic cell is the __________.

nucleus

Digestive cells produce and secrete many enzymes that break down ingested food. These cells have a large number of ribosomes __________.

on the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following clues would tell you whether a cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

whether or not the cell is partitioned into compartments by internal membranes