Biology chapter 4

chromatin

DNA is associated with certain proteins, forming a complex called:

mRNA

DNA must transcribe its information into what type of molecule before leaving the nucleus and entering the cytoplasm

protein synthesis

if a toxin, such as bacterial toxin, destroys ribosomes, what cellular activity will be affected first?

it separates components of the cell that have different densities

what does the process of differential centrifugation achieve

middle lamella

what is found between the primary walls of adjacent cells for cells to adhere tightly to one another

mitochondria and chloroplasts

what two organelles are both responsible for converting energy into forms that can be used by cells

it has a small volume relative to surface area, thereby increasing efficient transport

why is it advantageous for cells to be small?

lysosomes

plants lack organ systems for disposing of toxic metabolic waste products. Their cells' vacuoles are like what animal cell organelle?

basic similarities in cell structure and chemistry

Evidence that all living calls have a common origin is best illustrated by the:

actin filaments

as a result of testing an experimental drip on a vertebrate cell, you notice that the cell cortex becomes more fluid, and although the cell remains strong, it loses its ability to move. what did the drug affect?

ribosomal RNA

what does the nucleolus, within the nucleus, synthesize?

glycocalyx

what protects a cell and may help keep other cells at a distance