Biology Final Exam Review Units 1-4

All of the following statements allow scientists to distinguishing eukaryotic from prokaryotic cells EXCEPT: A. Eukaryotes have no membrane-bound organelles B. Prokaryotes have no membrane-bound organelles C. Eukaryotes have no nuclei D. Prokaryotes have no nuclei E. a and c

a and c

The current thought on the structure of the cell membrane is:

a fluid-mosaic of phospholipids and proteins

For two organisms to be of the same species, they must be:

able to interbreed in nature and produce fertile offspring

In order for a population to remain relatively constant and thus stable, what must happen?

births should match deaths

Cattle with brown fur and cattle with white fur will produce a reddish roan calf . When examined closely, the calf show about an even number of brown hairs and white hairs that give a reddish appearance when viewed from far away. The fact that both the brown fur allele and the white fur allele are expressed equally in the offspring is an example of

codominance

For a geneticist to form the F2 (second filial) generation of a cross, they will

cross two organisms from the F1 or first filial generation

Which adaptations below might you expect to see in cells that have large energy (ATP) requirements?

elevated numbers of mitochondria with more highly folded mitochondrial inner membranes

Natural selection

favors the better adapted and selects against the less well adapted

What is now known to provide the raw material for natural selection?

genetic mutation

Which word below describes an organism that has two genetic factors (alleles) identical for a particular trait (such as AA or pp)?

homozygous

Red carnations (RR) and white carnations (WW) will produce offspring that are pink (RW). The fact that both of the alleles blend together to form a third new phenotype is an example of

incomplete dominance

Which organelle below has circular DNA, is surrounded by double membranes, has ribosomes similar in size to those of prokaryotic cells and is found in both plant and animal cells?

mitochondrion

What is the mechanism for change in species?

natural selection

What is the name of the region in prokaryotes that contains the genetic material, DNA?

nucleoid

A pattern of long periods of relatively little change (stasis) followed by short periods of intense change is described as:

punctuated equilibrium

Two populations of the same species of squirrels occupy the same range that includes a forest. One of the group of squirrels spends all of its time in oak trees; the other group spends its time in pine trees. Over a long period of time, the two populations evolve into two different species. This is an example of _______ speciation?

sympatric

Which of the following words is most closely associated with the word "hypothesis"?

testable

With consistent confirmation, a lack of exception, and endurance of time, a scientific explanation may be elevated to the status of:

theory

Facilitated diffusion, simple diffusion, and osmosis are all forms of passive transport.

true

What is the probability that a cross between a blue-eyed male orangutan (BB) and a blue-eyed female orangutan (Bb) would produce any albino orangutans with pink eyes (bb)?

0/4 or 0%

Put the steps of the scientific method in the correct order: 1. hypothesis 2. theory 3. conclusion 4. analysis of data to either support or refute hypothesis 5. experimental procedure repeated over time by many other scientists with similar results 6. data collection

1-6-4-3-5-2

Biology differs from other sciences in all of the following ways EXCEPT: A. Biology's subject matter is different from that of other sciences. B. With other sciences, it is easier to make predictions. C. Biology deals with options and is much less absolute than other sciences. D. Biology relies upon the scientific method however other sciences do not. E. Biology is a younger branch of science than physics, chemistry, earth science or astronomy

D. Biology relies upon the scientific method however other sciences do not.

Biology is related to and integrated with other sciences in all of the following ways EXCEPT: A. The organisms that biologists study are subject to the laws of chemistry and physics B. In order to understand the history of life on the planet, one must study geology and study the rocks that contain fossils C. Mathematics is essential for the analysis and interpretation of biological data collected by researchers D. Biology shares the common goal with other sciences of investigating living organisms E. There is only one natural world and all scientists study it.

D. Biology shares the common goal with other sciences of investigating living organisms

Which of the following is NOT a tenet of the Cell Theory? A. Cells are the fundamental units of life. B. All organisms are composed of one or more cells. C. Cells arise from preexisting cells. D. Cells live forever. E. Cells contain hereditary information that passes from one generation to the next

D. Cells live forever.

How organisms acquire and use energy is an important theme in Biology. ALL of following statements sum up this concept EXCEPT? A. The sum of all chemical changes in cells is called metabolism B. Bioenergetics states that the energy that powers life operates according to the same rules that govern energy in the inanimate realm. C. Antoine Lavoisier's experiments of the late 18th century helped to explain the chemistry of life D. Chemistry and energetics provide a larger context for studying how organisms acquire and use energy. E. Biohistory states that looking into the past to find a history of energy use reveals insights into the workings of the living world.

E. Biohistory states that looking into the past to find a history of energy use reveals insights into the workings of the living world.

All of the following animals contributed to Darwin's notion of biodiversity in the Galapagos Islands EXCEPT A. marine iguana B. Sally lightfoot crab C. Blue footed booby D. Giant tortoises E. Honeycreeper birds

E. Honeycreeper birds

A basic understanding of biology is important to everyone because A. we are living organisms and biology is the study of life B. we are ultimately responsible for controlling population growth C. we employ biological concepts in everyday activities such as gardening, bird watching and raising pets D. we will need to deal with the reality of global warming E. all of the above

E. all of the above

Natural resources can serve as limiting factors for population growth. Which of the following natural resources would tend to instigate competition within a species and thus limit its population size? A. space B. food C. shelter D. fresh water E. all of the above

E. all of the above

The concept of ecosystems A. recognizes that organisms interact with each other and their environments B. recognizes that changes in any part of a biological community or physical environment can alter other parts C. is one of the youngest of biology's major ideas D. is the backbone of the study of ecology E. all of the above

E. all of the above

Which of the following is an example of an acquired trait and not an inheritable trait?

Large muscles from weight lifting

Tall pea plants (T) are the dominant phenotype to short plants (t). Even though a heterozygous plant contains one of each of the alleles for height (Tt) they appear tall. This illustrates which of Mendel's Laws of Genetics?

Law of Dominance

The fact that the inheritance of one gene does not influence the inheritance of another gene illustrated which of Mendel's Laws of Genetics?

Law of Independent Assortment

Purple flower color is dominant to white flower color in peas. Suppose you were given a plant that produced purple flowers. How could you determine if it were homozygous or heterozygous?

Test cross the purple flowered plant with a plant that is white.