Biology: Laws of Inheritance

When plants that are heterozygous for round seeds are crossed, what is the probability that the offspring will have wrinkled seeds?

25 percent

A pea plant that has round seeds has the genotype Rr. It is crossed with a pea plant that has wrinkled seeds and the genotype rr. What is the probability that the offspring will have wrinkled seeds?

50 percent

Which statement summarizes the law of segregation?

Gametes carry one allele for each trait.

What can be known about Mendel's five-part hypothesis?

It is an answer to a scientific question and is based mostly on research.

Parents that are heterozygous for having freckles (dominant) are crossed. Which represents the ratio of their offspring?

Seventy-five percent have freckles.

Why did Mendel study pea plants?

They reproduce sexually and have many traits that are easy to observe.

What is a gene?

a segment of DNA that is the basic unit of heredity

What does the notation Rr mean to geneticists?

heterozygous alleles

Which type of scientific statement is defined as "a possible explanation or answer to a scientific question that is based on prior knowledge or research and is testable"?

hypothesis

Which type of scientific statement is defined as a statement of fact that is generally accepted to be true and universal because it has always been observed to be true?

law

Which of Mendel's laws or principles states that gametes carry one allele for each trait?

law of segregation

Which of Mendel's laws or principles explains that traits are passed from parents to offspring individually instead of as pairs, groups, or sets?

the law of independent assortment