Biology quiz
Psoriasis
A serious skin disease resulting in patches of dead skin cells dropping off is called _____________________.
Epinephrine
An adrenal hormone (adrenaline) that stimulates autonomic nerve action
Auricle
Catches and directs sound waves
Astigmatism
Localized distortion of light through the cornea is called __________________.
Olfactory nerve
The nerve that sends smell messages to the brain
Auditory nerve
The nerve that transmits sound impulses to the cerebral cortex
auditory canal, auricle
The outer ear consists of:
Epidermis
The outermost layer of skin
Cones
The photoreceptor cells which are sensitive to colors are called the ____________.
Stapes
Third bone of the ear to receive and respond to sound wave
Increase
When ascending in an aircraft, the pressure in the middle ear, relative to the outside air, will:
Dendrite
branching "tree-like" structure
Parietal lobe
contains many sensory areas
Cerebellum
coordination
Multiple axons
electrical cable
Thalamus
electrical relay
Myopia
eyeball too long
Sheath
fatty layer around axons
Hair shaft
follicle
Capillaries
food supply
eyeball too short
hyperopia
Medulla
involuntary muscles
Astigmatism
light refracted aspherically
electroencephalogram
measures brain waves
chemical reactions, acetylcholine
nerve signals pass through the synapse by _______________________ and ______________________.
Impulse
polarization
Dendrite
receives signals
Left hemisphere
right body
Temporal lobe
sensations for hearing, taste, and smell
Axon
single thread
Synapse
space between neurons
Spinal nerves
spinal cord - input/output
axon, muscle contraction, transmitter chemicals
"Motor end plates" are associated with:
Retina
A delicate light-sensitive membrane covering the inside of the eyeball
Sclera
A fibrous material surrounding the eye to give it shape
Thyroid gland
A gland in the neck that produces the hormone thyroxine
parathyroid hormone
A hormone secreted by the parathyroid gland which regulates calcium metabolism.
Thyroxine
A hormone which regulates the rate of body metabolism
Inverted
A light image formed on the retina is _________________.
Nerve
A neuron is a ____________ cell.
Cone
A photoreceptor cell which functions best in bright light. It detects color.
Rod
A photoreceptor cell which is sensitive to dim light, but detects no color
Semicircular
A structure in the inner ear composed of three looped tubes
Acetylcholine
A transmitter chemical that causes muscle contraction
Vitreous humor
A transparent jellylike substance filling the eyeball
aqueous humor
A transparent liquid which is located between the cornea and iris.
Cholonesterase
An enzyme which neutralizes acetylcholine at the synapse
Hormone
Chemical produced in one part of the body which has its effect on another part
sweat gland
Cooling
nearsightedness, myopia
Difficulty with seeing distant objects is called:
Farsightedness, hyperopia
Difficulty with seeing objects close to the eye is called:
Malleus
First bone of the ear to receive and respond to sound wave
Cerebrospinal fluid
Fluid within the meninges around the brain and spinal cord
Parathyroid gland
Four small endocrine glands within the thyroid gland in the neck
Nervous system
Gathering and interpreting information is a function of the ______________________________.
Endocrine glands
Glands which are ductless and secrete their products directly into the circulatory system
Corticoids
Hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex
membrane polarization
Impulses travel through neurons because of the reversal of _________________________________.
Ciliary muscles
Muscles attached to the lens to change its shape
Vitamin A
Night blindness can be caused by a deficiency of ____________________.
the faint object will focus off the fovea
Off-center viewing of a dim object at night is helpful because:
The meninges
Protective membranes surrounding the brain are called _____________________.
Incus
Second bone of the ear to receive and respond to sound wave
Polarized
Separation of charge in the neurons that prepares them for transmitting an impulse
Photoreceptor
Specialized cells located in the retina that receive light images
Bitter
The ___________ taste can be detected at very low concentrations.
Nervous
The ___________________ system allows us to interact with our environment, the physical world.
Fovea
The area of the eye with a concentration of cones is the:
Blind
The axons of the retinal culminate in the optic nerve which forms a _____________ spot on the retina
Central
The brain and the spinal cord are considered the _______________ nervous system.
nucleus, cytoplasm
The cell body of a neuron contains the _________________ and _____________________ of the cell.
tympanic membrane
The ear drum
Retina
The eye layer which receives light images is the _____________.
Glucagon
The hormone secreted by the pancreas which raises the blood sugar level
Cochlea
The inner ear mechanism which converts mechanical vibrations into nerve impulses is the:
Semicircular canals
The inner ear mechanism which senses orientation and balance is the:
Dermis
The inner layer of skin
Cerebrum
The largest and uppermost part of the brain is called the _______________________.
choroid, sclera, and retina
The layers of the eye are the:
Optic nerve
The nerve connecting the eye to the brain
Iris
The portion of the eye that acts as a camera shutter is the:
Middle ear
The pressure in the ______________________ need to be equalized when changing altitude or scuba diving
Olfactory
The primary nerve which transmits the sensations of smell is called the ___________________nerve.
a hole through the center of the anterior choroid
The pupil of the eye is:
Islets of Langerhans
The region within the pancreas which produces insulin
Rods
The retinal cells responsible for night vision are:
Cochlea
The snail-shaped structure which translates sound vibrations into nerve impulses
Cornea
The transparent portion of the sclera at the front of the eye
Focus
The ultimate function of ciliary muscles is to ______________ the eye.
Cerebrum
emotions/ visual/ thought
electrocardiogram
measures electrical changes of the heart
Cerebral cortex
neurons
sensation and reaction circuit bypassing the brain
the "reflex arc" is a _____________________________________.
Increase the surface area
the purpose of all the folds in the cerebrum is to __________________________________________.
Nerve endings
touch
Axon
transmits signal from cell body
Cranial nerve
vagus nerve
Frontal lobe
voluntary muscles
Frontal lobe
willful muscle contraction; emotions
