biology test 1

Dalton

A measure of mass for atoms and subatomic particles; the same as the atomic mass unit, or amu.

natural selection

A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits.

Scientific Method

A series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions.

Hypothesis

A testable prediction, often implied by a theory

adaptation

A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce

cells

All living things are made of _____.

The dependent variable is the mass of the ice, and the independent variable is the type of cover material The factor that is different between the control and experimental groups is the material covering the ice, so the cover material is the independent variable. The mass of the ice depends on the type of cover material, so the mass of ice is the dependent variable.

Alysha wants to test the effect of different materials on the melting rate of ice. She finds the initial mass of four pieces of ice. She then covers three pieces with either tinfoil, plastic wrap, or paper. The fourth piece is left uncovered. After 30 minutes, Alysha calculates the final mass of each piece of ice to determine which melted the fastest. What are the independent and dependent variables in Alysha's experiment?

unicellular organism

An organism made up of one cell.

Electrons

Negatively charged particles

Multicellular organisms

Organisms composed of many cells (Ex. tissue, humans, etc.)

The control group should have plants growing at normal carbon dioxide level. Scientists would grow plants at a normal carbon dioxide level to see if increasing carbon dioxide has an effect on the experimental group.

Poison ivy is a weed that produces an oil which causes skin rashes. Scientists want to perform an experiment to see if poison ivy grows taller when exposed to more carbon dioxide. How should the control group in this experiment be treated?

protons

Positively charged particles

independent variable

The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied.

dependent variable

The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable.

biology

The study of life

controlled experiment

a scientific test done under controlled conditions, meaning that just one [or a few] factors are changed at a time while other are kept constant

elements

all matter is made up of substances called ______

natural selection

in some cases evolution turns into _______________

asexual

involving a single parent organism

chemistry and physics

living is constrained by the properties of ____________ & __________

anabolism

make complex molecules for simpler ones & consumes energy

Neutron

no charge

data

observations and measurements recorded during an experiment

Evolution

populations of living organisms can undergo ________ meaning that the genetic makeup of a population may change over time

subatomic particles

protons, neutrons, electrons are known as _______

matter

refers to anything that occupies space and has mass

sample size

refers to determining how many elements of the population should be included in the sample

asexual & sexual

reproduction can either be ____________ & ________

sexual

requiring two parents

catabolism

the breakdown of complex molecules in living organisms to form simpler one s & process can make stored energy available

atomic number

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

growth

the process of increasing in physical size.

atom

the smallest unit of matter that retains all of the chemical properties of an element

Metabolism

the sum total of the biochemical reactions occurring in an organism is called _________

Homeostasis

the tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.

organs

tissues make up _________ such as the heart and lungs

- make an observation - ask a question - form a hypothesis -make a prediction based on the hypothesis - test the prediction - iterate , use the results to make new hypotheses or prediction

what are the 5 steps of the scientific method

organization, metabolism, hemostasis , growth, reproduction, response, evolution

what are the properties of life