Biology Test
Bases
Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), & Guanine (G) are the ____________ for DNA
Osmosis
During the process of ____________, water diffuses across a semipermeable membrane from an area where water is more concentrated to an area where water is less concentrated (It moves along the water concentration gradient).
First Law of Thermodynamics
Energy cannot be created or destroyed
Phospholipid bilayers
From what substance do liposomes spontaneously form
Require no oxygen
Glycolysis is an anaerobic process, indicating that Glycolytic reactions
Provided by Carbon Dioxide
I'm Photosynthesis, the carbon used to make sugars is
Enzymes
Needed for nearly all chemical reactions
Sugars
Photosynthetic organisms capture energy from sunlight & convert it into chemical bonds by forming _________
Golgi Apparatus
Receives proteins and lipids & sends them to their final destinations
plasma membrane
Resembles screen door
NADH, ATP, FADH2
The Kreb's cycle produces
Environment
The energy required for life processes must be extracted from an organisms ________________
Carbon fixation
The enzyme rubisco is important to this process
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
The site where lipids are manufactured
Glycolysis
The step of cellular respiration that occurs outside the mitochondria
Water
The ultimate source of oxygen used by all aerobic organisms come from
1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units of all living things. 3. All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division.
What are the three stages of cell theory?
Glycolysis, Kreb's cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation
What are the three stages of cellular respiration?
The cycle uses ATP & NADPH to produce sugars
Which beat summarizes the Calvin Cycle?
NADH
Which molecule carries electrons to the electron transport chain of oxidative phosphorylation?
They are both metabolic processes
Which of the following is a similarity between photosynthesis & cell respiration
small hydrophobic molecules
Which of the following would be likely to move through a plasma membrane by simple diffusion?
Provides a barrier between an external & internal environment; creates an internal environment where specific chemical reactions needed to establish a living cell can occur separately from the external environment
Why are liposomes important
Catabolic
_____________ reactions release energy by breaking down complex molecules into simpler molecules
Enzymes can catalyze a reaction only if
they encounter a substrate that fits their active site