Biology Unit 4--Quiz 2 Study
layering
The technique of developing roots on a stem of a plant while that stem is still attached to the parent plant. After a new root system is established the new plant is cut away from the parent plant and planted.
unicellular
one-celled
true
A common fruit that can only reproduce asexually is Thompson seedless grapes. t/f
root cutting
A cutting made from the root of a plant which develops adventitious buds and grows into a new plant.
stem cutting
A cutting of stem tissue used to grow a new plant.
tuber
A fleshy, enlarged stem of a rhizome or stolon. It has buds and can grow new plants
colony
A group of organisms attached to one another after undergoing asexual reproduction from a common parent
rhizome
A horizontal stem at or just beneath the surface of the ground which can give rise to aerial stems, roots, or to more rhizome tissue. Rhizomes are a principal means of asexual reproduction in many plants.
budding
A kind of asexual reproduction involving the growth of a new individual from part of an older organism. It can also refer to uneven distribution of cells that results in one cell receiving most of cell contents. In grafting, budding involves reducing the scion to a singular bud.
protist
A one- or few-celled organism with chromosomes. Many have characteristics of both animals and plants.
regeneration
A phenomenon in which organisms break into two or more parts and then each part grows into a new individual
corm
A short, solid, enlarged underground stem used for food storage and for asexual reproduction.
corm
A short, vertical, solid, or fleshy stem possessed by gladiolus and which is used in reproduction is termed a ________
spore
A small, resistant cell that can grow into a new organism. They may be produced either by meiosis or mitosis.
conidia
A special kind of asexual spore found in many kinds of fungi
root
A successful cutting requires that the new plant acquire its own ______
leaf cutting
A technique in horticulture using a cutting made from a leaf or leaf tissue to grow a new plant.
grafting
A technique used in horticulture in which a part of the stem or a bud is inserted into a plant with a good root system. The inserted portion of the stem or the bud then becomes the top part of the plant, and it uses the root system it was grafted into.
Romans 11:23-24
And they also, if they do not continue in their unbelief, will be grafted in, for God is able to graft them in again. For if you were cut off from what is by nature a wild olive tree, and were grafted contrary to nature into a cultivated olive tree, how much more will these who are the natural branches be grafted into their own olive tree?
false
Asexual reproduction requires gametes but not fertilization. t/f
the sweet potato and cassava (a tropical plant with starchy roots used to make tapioca).
Examples of adventitious buds are:
Aristotle; Theophrastus
It is uncertain when precisely people started grafting plants, but it is known for certain that _________ and _________ both wrote about grafting on a level that suggests that they had knowledge of the techniques and results
vascular plant
Plant which has true conductive tissues within it. It usually has true roots, stems, and leaves.
potato, the Jerusalem artichoke, and caladium
Plants that reproduce using tubers are the:
onions, garlic, tulips, daffodils, lilies, hyacinths, and tiger flowers
Plants using bulbs in reproduction are:
Washington naval orange
The ____________ is an example of a fruit that is reproduced almost entirely by grafting. The Bartlett pear has been preserved by grafting since the eighteenth century
propagation
The act of propagating or establishing and growing new plants
central disk
The central portion of a starfish. The arms of a starfish radiate from the central disk.
false
The new plant produced by the technique of layering must remain attached to the stem of the original plant. t/f
scion
The portion of a plant with buds, that is placed into the stock by grafting or budding.
multiple fission
The process of a parent cell dividing into a large number of genetically identical cells all at once is known as _____ .
binary fission
The simplest form of asexual reproduction is called _____ .
budding
________ occurs when there is an unequal division of a cell with one daughter cell receiving most of the cell contents.
binary fission
asexual reproduction in which a single cell divides into two with no exchange of genetic material; reproduction method of bacteria
multiple fission
A kind of asexual reproduction in which a single cell undergoes many mitotic divisions in the nucleus and a number of daughter cells are produced all at once.
bulb
A plant structure with enlarged leaf bases and stored food surrounding a central bit of fleshy stem tissue
mitospore
A spore that develops by mitosis.
stolon
A stem which grows out from a plant periodically producing new stems and leaves on one side, and roots on the other. It is a means of asexual reproduction.
-reproduction at a rapid rate -reproduction in harsh climates -reproduction with only one parent -reproduction genetically of identical offspring
Four principal advantages of asexual reproduction are:
adventitious
Refers to the appearance of buds or roots from tissue which is not bud or root tissue. Adventitious roots appear from stem or leaf tissue, and adventitious buds appear in root tissue.
fern, banana, bamboo, iris, lily of the valley, low-bush cranberry, and many grasses
Some examples of plants that are grown using rhizomes are the:
mitospores
Spores produced by mitosis are called _________
root stock
The portion of a plant with the root system used in grafting
stem
The portion of the vascular plant which has the majority of the methods of asexual reproduction occurring in it is called the _________
binary fission
_____________ is the most common form of reproduction in protozoans
strawberry, Bermuda grass, ajuga, and mint
Some kinds of plants produce special stems that grow along the ground. Some examples of stems that reproduce using stolons are the:
propagation
The act of propagating or establishing and growing new plants.