Biology Unit 5
What color does chlorophyll reflect?
green
What are the two phases of photosynthesis?
light dependent and light independent
Where does the citric acid cycle take place in a eukaryotic cell?
mitochondrial matrix
Which organism would be classified as a chemoautotroph?
nitrogen-fixing bacteria
What are the Enzymes of the ETC in cellular respiration?
not ATP
Which is NOT one of the three factors that affect the rate at which photosynthesis occurs?
pH
An electron transport chain that produces ATP is part of both the cellular respiration process and
photosynthesis
What is the process by which light energy is converted into the stored chemical energy of organic molecules?
photosynthesis
By definition, substances that absorb visible light are called:
pigments
Almost all autotrophs get their energy from
sunlight
Chemosynthesis is a process through which some organisms use energy from chemicals in their environment to build sugars in the absence of
sunlight
Where is the electron transport chain of photosynthesis located?
thylakoid membrane
Glycolysis yields a net energy profit of ____ ATP molecules per molecule of glucose.
two
Which two of the following sentences contain ideas that should be included in a summary of the article? 1. The sea slugs known as sacoglossans are some of the most remarkable biological burglars on the planet. 2. Chlorophyll is used in photosynthesis, a process by which plants capture the sun's energy and combine it with carbon dioxide and water to make food. 3. Gould's theory is that the slugs are just doing something lots of critters do: saving some of the food they collect for times of hardship. 4. The chloroplasts E. chlorotica captures from the algae it eats primarily make lipids, which provide both energy and building materials for cells.
1 and 3
The complete aerobic metabolism of one molecule of glucose yields a maximum of how many ATPs?
36 to 38
The part of cellular respiration that needs oxygen takes place inside the
Mitochondria
Alcohol is the end product of fermentation by what type of organism?
NOT bacteria
Read the section "Many Shades Of Green." Is the relationship between slugs and chloroplasts clearly understood?
No; scientists have new theories on some elements of this relationship, but many aspects of it are still unknown.
Which of the following answer choices describes the MOST significant finding of Gould's study?
All of the slugs survived 55 days without food.
How does anaerobic respiration differ from aerobic respiration?
Anaerobic respiration do NOT use O2 as the terminal electron acceptor.
Which reaction is the aerobic respiration of glucose?
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 6 H2O → 6 CO2 + 12 H2O + energy
Which of the following is a reactant in photosynthesis?
CO2
Which of the following is a product of the Krebs cycle?
Carbon Dioxide
Which best describes a catabolic reaction?
It involves the breakdown of large organic molecules to smaller ones.
The water molecules labeled A in Figure 4.1 are going to the thylakoids to take part in which process?
Light-Dependent Reactions
If oxygen is used to carry out cell respiration, the process is called aerobic.
True
Figure 9-2 The graph in the accompanying figure represents the:
absorption spectra for chlorophylls a and b
Read the section "Chloroplasts Top Sea Slug's Menu." How is the CENTRAL idea developed in this section?
by describing a theory that scientists used to think explained slugs' behavior
In eukaryotes, where does glycolysis occur?
cytoplasm
Which of the following is an anaerobic pathway?
fermentation
Which of the following directly provides the energy needed for cell functions?
A phosphate group is removed from ATP.
What molecule carries chemical energy that cells use for their functions?
ATP
Which is the energy source that drives the Calvin cycle?
ATP
Which process is best represented by the following chemical equation?sugars + oxygen carbon dioxide + water
Cellular Respiration
What is the primary pigment in plants?
Chlorophyll
ADP is used as an energy source in organisms.
False
Increasing the intensity of light decreases the rate of photosynthesis.
False
Most chlorophyll is found in the green colored organelles called mitochondria.
False
The light independent reactions happen during the dark only.
False
In which process is lactic acid formed when there is not enough oxygen present for cellular respiration to take place?
Fermentation
Before cellular respiration, glucose must be broken down by the process of
Glycolysis
Cellular respiration begins with a pathway called _____.
Glycolysis
What is the ultimate source of energy for almost all living organisms?:
Sun
What happens to the sugars that are made during photosynthesis?
They can be used for cellular respiration
Where does the light dependent reaction take place?
Thylakoid
Where in the chloroplast are the energy-absorbing molecules for photosynthesis located?
Thylakoids
