Biology Unit 5 Quiz 2

Third

cell cytoplasm

homeostasis

the self-regulating exchange of water, dissolved materials, and dissolved gases between a cell and its surroundings

binary fission

a method of asexual reproduction in animals in which a one-celled organism divides by mitosis into two organisms

cyst

a protective capsule occupied by protozoa during unfavorable conditions of environment

food vacuole

a vacuole in which food particles are digested by enzymes

Four new protozoans are created.

What is the final result of protozoan conjugation? The process of phagocytosis is completed. Four new protozoans are created. Cells are now able to divide by binary fission. New colonies of protozoans are established.

pellicle

What structure is responsible for maintaining the consistent shape of a paramecium? macronucleus cell wall pellicle cilia

Cilia moving food toward the oral groove of the organism

______________ are tiny hair-like structures on the outer surface of some protozoans that are used for motility and for ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Rhizopoda

the phylum of amoeboid protozoans

Actinopoda

the phylum of amoeboid protozoans which have a tiny shell-like structure composed of calcium carbonate

radiolarian

the common name of amoeboid protozoans of the phylum Foraminifera which is characterized by tiny shell-like structures composed of silicon

gullet

the deepest part of the oral groove where food vacuoles are formed around a food particle

Protozoa

the phylum comprising unicellular organisms in the protista kingdom

Foraminifera

the phylum of amoeboid protozoans, commonly called radiolarians, which have a tiny shell-like structure composed of silicon

Apicomplexa

the phylum of parasitic spore forming protozoans which are not motile during most of their life cycle

Ciliophora

the phylum of protozoans with hair-like structures called cilia, the species of which phylum are commonly known as ciliates

Zoomastigophora

the phylum of protozoans, commonly known as flagellates, with whip-like structures called flagella

phagocytosis

the process of enclosing food particles by the cell membrane to form an internal food vacuole

anal pore

the structure of a paramecium where undigested food is eliminated from the cell

phlebotimine sand fly

Leishmania donovani

True

The common name for foraminifers is radiolarians. True False

amoeboid movement

movement by altering the consistency of cytoplasm so that it flows to create pseudopodia

motile

able to move by itself

Second

gullet

contractile vacuole

(or excreting vacuole or water vacuole) a vacuole in unicellular organisms that collects water and wastes and expels them in order to maintain the organism's proper water content

flagellum

(pl. flagella) a long, whiplike tail, or part, used by certain protozoa for locomotion

cilia

(sing. cilium) hairlike bits of protoplasm that project from certain kinds of cells for locomotion or feeding

True

All eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and a cytoplasm. True False

True

All species of the phylum Apicomplexa are parasitic. True False

motility and phagocytosis

Amoeboid protists use their pseudopodium for: motility and phagocytosis reproduction or excretion motility and reproduction respiration or excretion

engulfed by the cell membrane, food vacuole

During phagocytosis, food particles are _______________________________________________________________________________ and then digested in the _________________________________________. engulfed by the cell membrane, food vacuole absorbed through the cell wall, cytoplasm engulfed by the cell membrane, cytoplasm absorbed through the cell wall, food vacuole

clinical symptoms spores

During the Plasmodium life cycle, the asexual portion is responsible for the _______________________________________________________________________ of malaria. The sexual portion releases the _________________ into the human blood stream.

water-borne cysts

Giardia lamblia

They regulate water intake and excretion.

How do contractile vacuoles help a cell with homeostasis? They produce enzymes to break up large molecules. They maintain the structure of cell walls. They regulate water intake and excretion. They obtain food for the cell's nucleus.

It creates daughter cells that are mirror images of each other.

How does longitudinal binary fission differ from other forms of binary fission? It creates four daughter cells instead of two. It creates daughter cells that are mirror images of each other. It only occurs in amoebas and paramecium. Daughter cells are created, but over a longer period of time.

the protozoan's living conditions deteriorated

If scientists noted that a protozoan developed a cyst, they could safely assume that: the protozoan was trying to attract a mate the protozoan was protecting itself from invaders the protozoan developed some kind of infection the protozoan's living conditions deteriorated

fresh water lakes inside other organisms

In what locations does this text suggest you might find zooflagellates living? fresh water lakes on the surface of leaves inside other organisms on damp forest floors

True

Insect vectors can carry disease-causing organisms on their legs or mouthparts. True False

symbiotic

Termites and Trichonympha have a ___________________________ relationship.

malaria

The Anopheles mosquito is the insect vector for ______________________. intestinal diseases dysentery hiker's disease malaria

protozoans

The general name for all animal-like protists is ____________________________

tsetse fly

Trypanosoma

triatomine bug

Trypanosoma cruzi

dysentery houseflies severe diarrhea

Use the text boxes to select the correct answers to the following passage. Entamoeba histolytica is an amoebic protozoan which is responsible for a disease known as amoebic _______________________. Cysts formed by Entamoeba histolytica can live outside the human body and may contaminate water or be carried by _________________________. Symptoms include _______________________________________________________________ can lead to death if not treated.

Each paramecium has two nuclei.

What characteristic makes the cell of a paramecium exceptional compared to other eukaryotic cells? The organelles of paramecium are not membrane-bound. Each paramecium has two nuclei. Parameciums do not contain a true nucleus. Parameciums have an oval cell shape.

entry and interaction with the host cell

What is a known function of the apical complex? spore formation entry and interaction with the host cell motility food production

calcium carbonate

What is the main component of the tiny shells of the members of the phylum Actinopoda? bone calcium carbonate calcium silicate carbon

unborn babies

Which group of humans is likely to experience the most devastating symptoms of toxoplasmosis? infants unborn babies the elderly pregnant women

flagellum

Zooflagellates move by means of a whip-like structure called: hyphaea pellicle cilia flagellum

apical complex

a cell structure found only in parasitic species of the phylum Apicomplexa; important for interaction with and entry into host cells

conjugation

a kind of reproduction in which two unicellular organisms unite temporarily to exchange nuclear material and then separate

cytoplasmic bridge

a temporary thin strand of cytoplasm connecting two microorganisms during conjugation through which structure genetic material may be passed between the cells

pellicle

a thin and firm, but elastic layer over the cell membrane that gives shape to some microorganisms

cytoplasm

all the material inside a cell membrane except the nucleus

taxis

an organism's response to a stimulus

chemotaxis

an organism's response to the presence of chemicals in its surroundings

phototaxis

an organism's response to the variability of light in its surroundings

Fourth

anal pore

longitudinal binary fission

asexual reproduction in which the parent organism divides lengthwise to form two daughter cells which are mirror-images of each other

pseudopodium

false feet (the streaming protoplasm of the amoeba)

oral groove

indentation of the pellicle of a Paramecium that opens to the gullet

First

oral groove