Biopsych Chapter 10

sleep. Frightening dreams associated with stage 3 sleep are called:

night terrors.

The system is responsible for promoting REM sleep.

pontine

REM behavior disorder (RBD) may be reduced by drugs that:

reduce anxiety.

. The region that appears to be responsible for activating wakefulness is known as the:

reticular formation.

Slow, large amplitude waves are seen in the EEG records of people who are in sleep:

seen stage 3

Infant sleep is characterized by sleep cycles that those of adults, which proportionally more sleep:

shorter;REM

has been speculated that sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) may be a consequence of a form of:

sleep apnea.

REM sleep is normally preceded by sleep. the

stage 2

: In humans, enhanced serum levels of growth hormone are evident during:

stage 3 sleep (SWS)

A child wakes suddenly after sleeping for a couple of hours, is terrified and shows significant autonomic activity, such as a racing heart rate and dilated pupils. When questioned, the child cannot remember what frightened her. It is likely the child has just woken from sleep.

stage 3 sleep.

Sleep enuresis is associated with sleep.

stage 3 sleep.

likely feed during the daytime The cortical EEG pattern of the isolated forebrain animal is characterized by

sustained SWS

lesion made to the reticular formation will result in a cortical EEG pattern of:

sustained sleep.

Newborn infants spend as much as of their sleep time in REM sleep.

50%

Hamsters carrying the mutation show abnormally short free-running rhythms. greatest

tau

Experimental evidence suggests that the biological role of REM sleep may be related to: the

the consolidation of perceptual learning

Research has shown that in the forebrain system, SWS is promoted through the actions of GABA on the while in the brainstem system, the formation projects axons to the brain, promoting wakefulness.

tuberomammillary nucleus, reticular formation

Destruction of the SCN circadian rhythms of hormone secretion.

Abolishes

Which mechanism has not been identified as a biological function of sleep?

Brain rest

Which statement is about the molecular clock is false?

Clock and Cycle proteins eventually break down and the 24 hour cycle begins again.

woman has just celebrated her 100tn birthday. Which description of her sleep is mostly likely to be true?

Exam An EEG of her brain would reveal the complete absence of stage 3 sleep.

Which statement about fatal familial insomnia is false?:

It is characterized by chronic lifetime insomnia

A scientist wants to conduct a study in which an animal brain is transected but REM sleep could continue to be measured in the cerebral cortex. Which region must remain connected to the cortex?

Pons

Flaccidity in the large muscles of the body is associated most commonly with sleep.

REM

If you recall a vivid dream as you wake up, you likely to have been in sleep just before awakening.

REM

Nightmares are associated with sleep.

REM

The large proportion of sleep seen in infancy suggests it is necessary for nervous system maturation.

REM

you recall a vivid dream as you wake up, you likely to have been in sleep just before awakening.

REM

Disinhibition of spinal cord motoneurons during REM sleep can lead to disorder.

REM behavior

Small lesions near the pontine REM sleep center the loss of motor inhibition during REM sleep.

abolish

In the absence of light cues, hamsters with two copies of the tau mutation will show biological rhythms with periods of hours.

about 20 hours.

Prolonged sleep deprivation (around 8 days) lead to:

all of the above (difficulty concentrating, hallucinations and disorientation, increases in irritability).

People diagnosed with sleep apnea show all of the following symptoms except:

an abundance of REM sleep.

When deprived of time cues, people tend to show activity cycles that are:

are: a little more than 24 hours long.

. Electrical stimulation of the reticular formation leads to immediate:

awakening.

The pattern of sleep in elderly people is characterized by increases in:

awakenings.

Electrical stimulation of the can induce SWS activity:

basal forebrain

If animals that are normally seasonal are kept in laboratory and receive no information about change in daylength or temperature (i.e. housed constant dark), their circannual rhythms will:

become free-running.

sleep The type of rhythmicity characterized by the regular, predictable onset of a particular behavior once a day is called a(n).

circadian rhythm.

diurnal animal will likely feed during the

daytime

Nocturnal animals are usually asleep during the:

daytime.

The process by which an animal slowly shifts its circadian rhythm to synchronize with the time of sunrise each day is called:

entrainment.

When a hamster or a person continues to display an activity cycle without any external cues about the time of day. the cycle is aid to be:

free-running.

. Sleep that immediately follows a period of learning has the apparent effect of:

improving long- term retention.

The ovarian (menstrual) cycle is a(n) rhythm.

infradian

Stage 3 sleep (SWS) is especially prominent during the f a night's sleep.

initial half

with Stage 3 sleep (SWS) is characterized by:

large- amplitude delta waves.

The isolated forebrain preparation involves a cut through the:

midbrain.

The type of rhythmicity characterized by the regular, predictable onset of a particular behavior every six hours is called a(n) rhythm.

ultradian

The sleep of dolphins and some birds is similar in that both display:

unilateral sleep.

The usual duration of the typical human repeating sleep cycle is

usual duration 90-110 minutes.

Dreams experienced during REM sleep are characterized by:

vague visual imagery.

The incidence of insomnia is greatest in in general, and in both men and women in

women the later stages of life.

Any cue that an animal uses to synchronize activity with the environment is called a:

zeitgeber.

The external cue that animals use to discern the time of day is called a:

zeitgeber.