Blood Glucose Levels Agents Q&A

Client recently dx w/diabetes would be early indicators of problem?

--- Lethargy, Fruity smelling breath, Weight loss, Getting up Noc to urinate.

Insulin is available in several forms or suspensions differs in?

----b. Onset and duration of action

Pt on fixed income would benefit from a 2nd generation sulfonyurea to control blood sugar, drug of choice would be?

----d. Glimepiride

Nurse instructed Pt w/Rx pramlintide to take medication when? a. Give it by subcutaneous immediately before major meals. b. take the drug orally once a day, preferably in morning c. give yourself an injection 1hr before you eat breakfast and dinner d. take the drug orally with the first bite of meal each day

a. Give it by subcutaneous immediately before major meals.

Which of the following would nurse identify as example of sulfonyurea? a. Glyburide b. Metformin c. Acarbose d. Miglitol

a. Glyburide Metformin is in the Biguanide class

Pt newly dx with type 1 diabetes asks why she can't just take a pill. Nurse responds? a. Insulin is needed because the beta cells of the pancreas are no longer functioning. b. the insulin is more effective in establishing control of blood glucose levels initially c. more insulin is needed than that which the patient can produce naturally. d. the patient most likely does not exercise enough to control his glucose levels

a. Insulin is needed because the beta cells of the pancreas are no longer functioning.

Pt recieves regular insulin 8am what time would you see signs of hypoglycemia ? a. between 10am -12 b. between 8:30-9:30 c. between 2:00-4:00 d. between 12:00-8:00

a. between 10am -12 (peaks) 2-4hrs

When describing the effects of Incretins on blood glucose control to group of students, which would instructor include? a. increased glucagan release b. increases GI emptying c. increases insulin release d. increases protein building

c. increases insulin release Also slows GI emptying, decreased glucagon release, stimulates satiety center

Which would alert the nurse the pt is suspected development of ketoacidosis? a. fluid retention b. blurred vision c. hunger d. fruity breath

d. fruity breath

Which would be least appropriate when administering insulin by subcutaneous injections? a. using a 25 huge 1/2in needle b. inserting the needle at 45-degree angle c. injecting the insulin slowly d. massaging the site afterwards

d. massaging the site afterwards

Primary way to deliver insulin is?

d. subcutaneous injection even though there are others.

Long term alteration in fat, carbohydrates, and protein metabolism associated w/diabetes mellitus result in?

----b. thickening of capillary basement membrane

Miglitol differs from sulfoylures in that it?

---c. Delays the absorption of glucose, leading to lower glucose levels.

Treatment of diabetes may include?

---replacement therapy w/insulin, control glucose absorption through GI, Drug that stimulates insulin release or increase sensitivity of insulin receptor sites, Slows gastric emptying, Diet & exercise program

After preparing NPH insulin nurse should administer injection within what time frame? a. 10 minutes b. 15 minutes c. 30 minutes d. 60 minutes

b. 15 minutes

Pt taking metformin to treat diabetes. Nurse would warn pt s/s hypolycemia within which time frame? a. 1hr b. 2hr c. 3hr d. 4hr

b. 2Hrs (peaks2-21/2 hrs)

Which agent would nurse expect to administer single oral dose in morning? a. Repaglinide b. Rosiglitazone c. Exenatide d. Miglitol

b. Rosiglitazone Exenatide would be injected 60min before meal Miglitol would be administered with 1st bite of food

Man comes to ER with blood glucose level @32 nurse should expect to administer? a. Insulin lispro b. glucagon c. diazoxide d. regular insulin

b. glucagon (to increase levels)

Pt receiving glipizide as treatment for type 2 diabetes, nurse understand this drug acts? a. binding to potassium channels on pancreatic beta cells b. inhibiting alpha-glucosidase to delay glucose absorption c. increasing the uptake of glucose d. decreasing insulin resistance

b. inhibiting alpha-glucosidase to delay glucose absorption

Teaching students about various insulin preparations, it is successful when students identify which insulin cannot be mixed with other types? a. Regular b. Lente c. Detemir d. Lispro

c. Detemir