Blood

23) The function of hemoglobin is to A) carry oxygen B) protect the body against infectious agents C) aid in the process of blood clotting D) carry nutrients from the intestine to the bod's cells E) both A and C

A

25) A condition in whoch the hematocrit is elevated and the blood volume is normal would be A) polycythemia B) leukocytosis C) thrombocytosis D) anemia E) leukemia

A

28) Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by the A) spleen B) thymus gland C) kidneys D) digestive tract E) both A and C

A

3) The formed elements of the blood include A) blood cells B) clotting proteins C) defense proteins D) lipoproteins E) albumins

A

34) Erythrocytes are formed from stem cells called A) hemocytoblasts B) reticulocytes C) band cells D) myeloid cells E) pronormoblasts

A

43) the most numerous white blood cells in peripheral circulation are the A) neutophils B) eosinophils C) basophils D) lymphocytes E) monocytes

A

49) a hormone that stimulates the activity of the monocyte macrophage line is A) M-CSF B) G-CSF C)GM-CSF D) multi-CSF E) thymosin

A

61) Tissue thromboplastin is formed in the ________ pathway. A) extrinsic B) intrinsic C) common D) retraction E) fibrinolytic

A

65) Megan thinks she has an abscessed tooth. If she does, what type of white blood cell would you expect to see in elevated numbers in a differential count? A) neutrophils B) eosinophils C) basophils D) lymphocytes E) monocytes

A

75) Transferrin is an example of which transport globulin? A) metalloprotein B) steroid-binding protein C) hormone-binding protein D) apolipoprotein E) none of the above

A

82) The most abundant blood cells in the body are A) RBCs. B) plasma. C) WBCs. D) leukocytes. E) none of the above

A

85) Blood containing RBCs filled with oxyhemoglobin are which color? A) red B) light blue C) dusky orange D) blue E) burgundy

A

9) A person has a low blood volume is said to be A) hypovolemic B) hypervolemic C) normovolemic D) isvolemic E) antivolemic

A

91) The most numerous WBCs in a differential count of a healthy individual are A) neutrophils. B) basophils. C) lymphocytes. D) monocytes. E) leukocytes

A

1) Functions of the blood include all of the following, except A) transport of the nutrients and wastes B) generation of body heat C) restricting fluid loss D) body defense

B

13) Plasma proteins that are necessary for blood clotting are the A) albumins B) fibrinogens C) immunoglobulins D) metalloproteins E) lipoproteins

B

16) Stem cells responsible for the process of lymphopoiesis are located in all of the following EXCEPT A) the spleen B) the kidney C) the lymph nodes D) the red bone marrow E) the thymus

B

26) A person with Type A blood has A) antigen A in the plasma B) anti-B antibodies in the plasma C) anti-A antibodies on the red blood cell D) antigen B on the red blood cell membranes E) none of the above

B

32) In which of the following situations would you expect the blood level of bilirubin to rise above normal? A) a person suffering from anemia B) an alcoholic with a damaged liver

B

36) Erythropoiesis increases when A) oxygen levels in the blood increase B) oxygen levels in the blood decrease C) carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase D) carbon dioxide levels in the blood decrease E) protein levels in the blood increase

B

41) a sample of tissue from an injury shows a large number of basophils. This would indicate that the tissue was A) abscessed B) inflammed C) being rejected D) infected by viruses E) none of the above

B

47) White blood cells that increase in number during an allergic reaction or in response to parasitic infections are the A) neutophils B) eosinophils C) basophils D) lymphocytes E) monocytes

B

48) a hormone that stimulates the production of granulocytes is A) M-CSF B) G-CSF C)GM-CSF D) multi-CSF E) thymosin

B

57) The intrinsic pathway of coagulation is activated by the A) sticking of platelets to damaged tissue. B) activation of proenzyme exposed to collagen. C) release of tissue factor by damaged endothelium. D) release of heparin from the liver. E) conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.

B

60) The enzyme that can digest the fibrin strands and cause erosion of the clot's foundation is A) thrombin. B) plasmin. C) heparin. D) urokinase. E) streptokinase.

B

7) Each of the following is a characteristic of whole blood, except a A) temperature approximately 38 degrees Celius B) viscosity about the same as water C) pH of 7.4 D) bright red color if taken from an artery E) dull red color if taken from a vein

B

71) The temperature of blood is ________ body temperature. A) lower than B) the same as C) 3 degrees higher than D) higher than E) none of the above

B

73) Water composes ________ percent of the plasma volume. A) 50 B) 92 C) 87 D) 43 E) 65

B

77) Which transport globulin transports testosterone in a male? A) metalloprotein B) steroid-binding protein C) hormone-binding protein D) apolipoprotein E) none of the above

B

81) You are caring for a patient who weighs 120 pounds. What would her approximated blood volume be? A) 8 L B) 4 L C) 1.5 L D) 10 L E) 2 L

B

83) Which of the following lab values would be a sign of anemia? A) 10,000 WBC B) 3.5 million RBC C) 4,000 WBC D) 7.0 million RBC E) all of the above

B

84) Each hemoglobin molecule has ________ alpha chain(s) and ________ beta chain(s) of polypeptides. A) 1; 2 B) 2; 2 C) 3; 1 D) 2; 1 E) 3; 3

B

88) Eileen is a strict vegetarian who is experiencing erythropenia, a deficiency in the number of red blood cells. This condition is most likely the result of which of the following? A) too much iron in the diet B) a vitamin B12 deficiency C) lack of intrinsic factor D) too much vitamin K in the diet E) too little vitamin K in the diet

B

67) Circulating blood provides all of the following, except A) nutrients. B) waste removal. C) CO2. D) hormone transportation. E) cell transportation.

B??

11) The most abundant proteins in the blood plasma are A) globulins B) transport proteins C) albumins D) lipoproteins E) fibrinogens

C

12) Plasma proteins that are important in the body defense are the A) albumins B) fibrinogens C) immunoglobulins D) metalloproteins E) lipoprotiens

C

14) Red blood cells are formed in A) the liver B) the spleen C) red bone marrow D) yellow bone marrow E) lymph nodes

C

18) Red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone A) thymosin B) angiotensin I C) erythropoietin D) M-CSF E) cobalamin

C

19) Which of the following statements concerning red blood cells is false? A) red cells are biconcave discs B) red cells lack mitochondria C) red cells have a large nucleus D) red cells are specialized for carrying oxygen E) red calls can form stacks called rouleaux

C

20) The average lifespan of a red blood cell is A) 1 week B) 1 month C) 4 months D) 6 months E) 1 year

C

21) The function of red blood cells is to A) remove carbon dioxide from active cells B) remove nitrogenous wastes from active tissues C) carry oxygen from the lungs to the body cells D) carry nutrients from the digestive system to the body's cells E) defend the body against infectious organisms

C

22) More than 95 percent of the protein in a blood cell is A) albumin B) porphyrin C) hemoglobin D) immunoglobin E) fibrinogen

C

24) _____________ is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced A) Polycythemia B) Leukemia C) Anemia D) Leukopenia E) Thrombocytopenia

C

29) The waste product bilirubin is produced from A) globin chains of hemoglobin B) portions of heme molecules that contain iron C) portions of heme molecules that do not contain iron D) iron found in the hemoglobin molecules E) abnormal proteins found in red blood cells

C

31) In adults, erythropoiesis primarily takes place in A) the liver B) yellow bone marrow C) myeloid tissue D) the spleen E) the kidneys

C

4) The combination of plasma and formed elements is called A) serum B) lymph C) whole blood D) extracellular fluid E) packed blood

C

44) white blood cells that release histmaine at the site of an injury are A) neutophils B) eosinophils C) basophils D) lymphocytes E) monocytes

C

5) Fresh whole blood for testing in a laboratory is usually collected from A) the heart B) a superficial artery C) superficial vein D) a capillary E) an arteriole

C

50) Rat poison contains a toxin that blocks the liver's ability to utilize vitamin K. Animals that consume rat poison would die of A) asphyxiation B) acidosis C) hemorrhage D) thrombocytopenia E) aplastic anemia

C

51) How would a decrease in the concentration of calcium ions in the blood affect the process of hemostasis A) platelet plugs would fail to form B) coagulation would proceed more rapidly C) coagulation would proceed more slowly D) retraction would occur prematurely E) plasmin would fail to function

C

55) When a person who lives in a city at sea level vacations in the Rocky Mountains, you would expect to observe an increase in A) the number of platelets in their blood. B) the number of lymphocytes in their blood. C) their red blood cell count. D) their white blood cell count. E) the density of their bone marrow.

C

56) The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is activated by the A) sticking of platelets to damaged tissue. B) activation of a proenzyme exposed to collagen. C) release of tissue factor by damaged endothelium. D) release of heparin from the liver. E) conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.

C

59) The process of fibrinolysis A) activates fibrinogen. B) draws torn edges of damaged tissue closer together. C) dissolves clots. D) forms emboli. E) forms thrombi.

C

6) When checking the efficiency of gas exchange, it may be necessary to draw a blood sample from A) the heart B) the lungs C) an artery D) a vein E) capillaries

C

63) Which of the following vitamins is needed for the formation of clotting factors? A) vitamin A B) vitamin B C) vitamin K D) vitamin D E) vitamin E

C

66) Areas where smooth muscle cells store large quantities of lipid are called A) thrombi. B) emboli. C) plaque. D) clots. E) occlusions.

C

72) The cardiovascular system of an adult female contains how much blood? A) 2-3 L B) 3-4 L C) 4-5 L D) 5-6 L E) 6-7 L

C

74) Thyroid-binding protein is an example of which transport globulin? A) metalloprotein B) steroid-binding protein C) hormone-binding protein D) apolipoprotein E) none of the above

C

8) The total volume of blood in the body of a 70-kg man is approximately ___________ liters A) 25-30 B) 10-15 C) 5-6 D) 2-4 E) less than 2

C

87) As a result of breaking down large amounts of RBCs, your skin may appear ________ in color. A) tan B) pink C) yellow D) red E) none of the above

C

89) A hematocrit provides information on A) blood type. B) clotting factors. C) packed cell volume. D) plasma composition. E) the types of leukocytes.

C

10) The chief difference between plasma and interstital fluid involves the A) amount of water B) quantity of electrolytes C) quantity of organic wastes D) concentration of dissolved oxygen and proteins E) concentration of glucose

D

15) Stem cells responsible for the productions of most white blood cells originate in the A) liver B) thymus C) spleen D) red bone marrow E) lymph tissue

D

17) Agranular leukocytes are formed in the A) the liver B) the spleen C) the thymus D) red bone marrow E) yellow bone marrow

D

27) Hemolytic disease of the newborn may result if A) the mother is Rh positive and the father is Rh negative B) both the father and mother are Rh negative C) both the father and mother are RH positive D) an RH negative mother carries an RH positive fetus E) an Rh negative mother carries Rh negative twins

D

30) Most of the iron that is removed from degraded hemoglobin is A) excreted by the kidneys B) excreted by the liver C) excreted by the intestines D) recycled to the bone marrow E) stored in yellow bone marrow

D

33) the process of red blood cell production is called A) erythrocytosis B) erythropenia C) hemocytosis D) erythropoiesis E) hematopenia

D

37) the percentage of whole blood occupied by cellular elements is A) viscosity B) specific gravity C) packed volume D) hematocrit E) differential cell count

D

38) a normal adult hematocrit would be A) 100 B) 75 C) 66 D) 45 E) 10

D

40) a person's blood type is determined by the A) size of the red blood cells B) shape of the red blood cells C) chemical character of the hemoglobin D) presence or absence of specific molecules on the cells membrane E) number of specific molecules on the cell membrane

D

42) all of the follwing are true of neutrophils, except that they are A) granular leukocytes B) phagocytic C) also known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes D) important in coagulation E) active in fighting bacterial infections

D

46) the white blood cells that are important in producing antibodies are the A) neutophils B) eosinophils C) basophils D) lymphocytes E) monocytes

D

53) the main event of the platelet phase is A) vascular spasm B) activation of fibrogen C) clot retraction D) formation of platelet plug E) contraction of platelets

D

54) ________ involves a complex sequence of steps leading to the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. A) Vascular spasm B) The platelet phase C) Retraction D) Coagulation E) Fibrinolysis

D

58) The common pathway of coagulation begins with the A) sticking of platelets to damaged tissue. B) activation of a proenzyme exposed to collagen. C) release of tissue factor by damaged endothelium. D) activating of a clotting factor that converts prothrombin to thrombin. E) activation of a clotting factor that converts fibrinogen to fibrin.

D

64) A person whose platelet count is 100,000/mm3 blood would be suffering from A) thrombocytosis. B) leukocytosis. C) hemocytosis. D) thrombocytopenia. E) leukopenia.

D

69) Which of the following drives a continuous exchange of fluids between the tissues and the blood? A) concentration gradients B) osmosis C) diffusion D) both A and B E) both B and C

D

76) Which transport globulin carries triglycerides in the blood? A) metalloprotein B) steroid-binding protein C) hormone-binding protein D) apolipoprotein E) none of the above

D

78) Your patient is on coumadin therapy (an anticoagulant) for a blood clot in the leg. Which type of plasma protein would you suspect is low? A) serum B) globulin C) plasma protein D) fibrinogen E) albumin

D

79) Which of the following proteins are found in plasma? A) prolactin B) luteinizing hormone C) glycoprotein D) all of the above E) none of the above

D

90) In adults, the only site of red blood cell production, and the primary site of white blood cell formation, is the A) liver. B) spleen. C) thymus. D) red bone marrow. E) yellow bone marrow.

D

2) Blood is composed of all the following, except A) plasma B) formed elements C) blood cells D) cell fragments E) interstitial fluid

E

35) _____________ are immature erythrocytes that are sometimes found in peripheral blood samples A) erythroblasts B) normoblasts C) myeloblasts D) band cells E) reticulocytes

E

45) _________ are large phagocytic white cells that spend most of their time outside the blood as fixed and free phagocytic cells A) neutophils B) eosinophils C) basophils D) lymphocytes E) monocytes

E

52) platelets are A) large cells that lack a nucleus B) small cells that lack a nucleus C) large cells with a prominent indented nuclues D) small cells with a many-shaped nucleus E) fragments of large megakaryocyte cells

E

62) Mary is tested for the amount of hemoglobin in her blood. The test results indicate that her hemoglobin level is 16 g/dL of blood. This value implies that A) she is suffering from anemia. B) she has fewer than normal red blood cells than normal. C) her hematocrit is probably lower than normal. D) she may be suffering from a form of leukemia. E) her hemoglobin level is normal.

E

70) Which of the following can be found in plasma? A) electrolytes B) lipids C) fibrinogen D) enzymes E) all of the above

E

80) Which organ releases the majority of the plasma proteins? A) pancreas B) heart C) kidney D) gallbladder E) liver

E

86) A drop of deoxyhemoglobin blood is what color? A) red B) light blue C) dusky orange D) blue E) burgundy

E

68) Plasma is close to the same density as A) urine. B) honey. C) water. D) CSF. E) syrup.

E??