bloodborne pathogens

ppe

special clothes/ equipment to isolate your body from potentially infectious materials effective ppe must not permit materials to pass through skin eyes, mouth, normie clothes employer must provide: for freeeee in correct size non-latex clean, launder, repair, replace, dispose of contaminated ppe always wear gloves when you see blood replace gloves if they tear be careful and don't splash

regulated waste

specific categories of waste that need specific handling includes blood and opim infectious waste should be put in specially designed containers if leaky container, yeet the whole thing into another container pick up broken glass with dustpan/ broom contaminated items shouldn't be stored or processed in a way that requires anyone to reach into containers where the contents can't be seen or safely handled

Which of the following statements is true regarding hepatitis B immunization? * A. An employer must offer the immunization within 90 days of starting work. B. The vaccination has few side effects, and is well tolerated by most. C. An employer can charge you for the vaccination series. D. An employee cannot change his or her mind after declining the vaccination.

B. The vaccination has few side effects, and is well tolerated by most.

what are the 4 general things you can expect to find in your company's exposure control plan?

1. which employees are covered 2. how to minimize risk of exposure 3. how to handle an exposure if one occurs 4. how to communicate the presence of contaminated material

Which is not a part of the evaluation and follow-up after an employee is exposed to blood or other potentially infectious materials? * a. Post-exposure administration of the hepatitis B vaccination. b. Counseling and education regarding post-exposure issues. c. Medical evaluation and testing by a healthcare provider. d. Short term post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV exposures.

a. Post-exposure administration of the hepatitis B vaccination.

Which is not a characteristic of a container designed to contain blood or other potentially infectious materials? * a. Removable label b. Biohazard symbol c. Leak-proof d. Red or orange color

a. Removable label

hbv

acute: when non-infected person is exposed chronic: can. develop over time if it remains in the body liver cirrhosis, cancer, failure symptoms: fever, fatigue, loss of apetite, nausea, barf, abdominal pain, dark urine, clay-colored bowel movements, joint pain, jaundice some asymptomatic, but can be infectious still lasts 1 week in the presence of dried blood 1/3 only meds for chronic vaccine is available

hiv

attacks helper t cells --> allows other diseases/ infections to attack. without resistance can be asymptomatic, and still be infectious symptoms: fever, chills, rash, night sweats, muscle ache, sore throat, fatigue, swollen lymph node, mouth ulcer lasts only few hours outside human body 1/300 no vaccine, but drug therapies are a thing

What best describes a work practice control? * a. Installed equipment that removes or isolates a hazard in the workplace. b. A defined manner in which a task is performed to help reduce the risk of exposure. c. Specialized clothing or equipment that isolates your body from infectious materials. d. HBV immunization through a series of three injections within a specified time period

b. A defined manner in which a task is performed to help reduce the risk of exposure.

Which of the following is not a route of transmission for bloodborne pathogens? * a. Mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, and eyes. b. Casual social contact, such as holding hands. c. Through non-intact skin, such as a cut or abrasion. d. Puncture wound from a contaminated sharp object.

b. Casual social contact, such as holding hands.

In what type of situation would the use of a face shield be most appropriate to prevent exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials? * a. Large abrasions on the skin surface. b. When splashing or spraying of body fluids may occur. c. Moderate sized burn with fluid-filled blisters. d. When the affected person has a cold of the flu.

b. When splashing or spraying of body fluids may occur.

Installing a specially designed container to place contaminated sharp object, such as needles, in is an example of a/an: * a. work practice control b. engineering control c. standard precaution d. personal protective equipment

b. engineering control

After immediate self-care of an exposure to blood of other potentially infectious materials it is important for the exposed employee to, without delay: * a. fill out an exposure incident report. b. report the exposure incident to a supervisor. c. clean-up the location to reduce the risk of exposure to others. d. go to a medial clinic for evaluation.

b. report the exposure incident to a supervisor.

What workplace document describes the manner in which an organization will comply with the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard? * a. Engineering Controls b. Standard Precautions c. Exposure Control Plan d. Body Substance Isolation

c. Exposure Control Plan

Which Bloodborne pathogen has the greatest risk of transmission from exposure? * a. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) b. Hepatitis C (HCV) c. Hepatitis B (HBV) d. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

c. Hepatitis B (HBV)

What is an important consideration when using disposable gloves in a situation that could result in an exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials? * a. In an emergency, use latex gloves, even if you have an allergic sensitivity to latex. b. If a glove is punctured or torn, keep the damaged part of the glove away from the body fluids. c. Take the gloves off in a manner that prevents splattering or spraying of body fluids. d. If you know the person's medical history, you can elect not to wear disposable gloves.

c. Take the gloves off in a manner that prevents splattering or spraying of body fluids.

A bloodborne pathogen is: * a. a bloodborne disease inherited from a person's parents. b. a respiratory-based virus such as influenza, measles, or tuberculosis. c. a disease-carrying microorganism, found in human blood and other body fluids. d. a genetic marker in blood that indicated an underlying disease.

c. a disease-carrying microorganism, found in human blood and other body fluids.

hcv

can cause liver damage (like hcv) some asymptomatic, but can be infectious if symptoms, similar to hbv lasts 3 weeks in the presence of dried blood 1/50 no vaccine for chronic

when an exposure occurs

care for it (irrigate) always wash your hands (no matter what!) soap 'n' water > purell put contaminated equipment in appropriately designed areas or containers for disposal

An exposure control plan: * a. details the site-specific measures used to minimize the risk of exposure. b. Defines the employees that must comply with the Bloodborne c. Pathogens Standard. c. Details the procedures for investigating and handling an exposure incident. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above.

To comply with the OSHA Bloodborne Standard, how often, after initial training, must training be done for employees with a risk of occupational exposure to blood or other potentially infections materials? * a. Twice a year b. Every two year c. Every three years d. Annually

d. Annually

Which is not an example of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)? * a. Resuscitation mask b. Disposable gloves c. Eye/face shield d. Disinfectant solution

d. Disinfectant solution

Which job classification is most likely to have tasks and procedures that have risk of exposure to blood and other potentially infectious materials? * a. Construction worker b. Retail store employee c. Administrative office worker d. First aid provider

d. First aid provider

As a first aid provider on your company's emergency response team, you accidentally get an injured person's blood splattered up into your unprotected face. Other team members are continuing care. What is your next immediate action? * a. Remain with the injured person until they are turned over to the next level of care. b. Notify your supervisor and consult your company's Exposure Control Plan. c. Transport yourself to a clinic or hospital for evaluation, testing, and treatment. d. Flush your eyes, nose, and mouth out with large amounts of running water.

d. Flush your eyes, nose, and mouth out with large amounts of running water.

What best describes the use of barriers to isolate your body from contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials? * a. Housekeeping procedures b. Hepatitis B vaccination c. Work Practice Controls d. Personal Protective Equipment

d. Personal Protective Equipment

Which of the following statements is true regarding contaminated laundry? * a. Bagging and labeling of contaminated laundry is not necessary. b. It is okay to take contaminated laundry home to wash. c. If blood on clothing has dried completely, it is safe to handle without PPE. d. Wear disposable gloves when handling contaminated clothing.

d. Wear disposable gloves when handling contaminated clothing.

The infection-control approach that assumes that any human blood or body fluid is considered potentially infectious is known as: * a. exposure precautions. b. international precautions. c. body fluid isolation. d. standard precautions.

d. standard precautions.

hbv immunization

employer must offer for free to people with risk of occupational exposure don't have to offer if you're already immujne series of 3 shots you can decline, but you can also change your mind

reducing the risk of exposure

exposure control plan at workplace will have site specific methods to reduce the risk of occupational exposure: 1. engineering + work practice controls 2. ppe 3. housekeeping procedures 4. containment and labeling of potentially infectious materials

communicating a hazard in the workplace

exposure control plan explains how employer has decided to make you aware of potentially infectious materials in the work place biohazard label or sign should be attached to each object or container of contaminated material, so that you can't remove it signs need to have red/orange background with black biohazard symbol + word "biohazard" when red bags or containers with the biohazard symbol on them are used, a sign/ label isn't needed properly indicating contaminated materials using labels and signs will greatly reduce the risk of accidental exposure to the contaminated materials

work practice control

focus on the manner in which tasks are performed ex: use ppe when doing first aid

post-exposure follow-up

follow the employer's written procedures for handling exposure after care, report! affected person will be directed to healthcare pro for medical evaluation and testing asap its confidential! can go to therapy

contaminated laundry

handle as little as possible wear gloves if you handle it put it in a labeled, leak-proof bag/ container before moving it DONT TAKE IT HOME!!!!!!!

which bloodborne pathogen has the greatest risk of transmission from an exposure

hbv

post-exposure prophylaxis

if exposed to hiv-infected blood, most medical facilities provide short-term therapy reduce risk of getting hiv by 80%

transmission

in occupational setting, can happen through: non intact skin, mucous membrane, puncture wound direct contact with blood/ potentially infectious material can cause exposure incident indirect contact with doorknob can also cause exposure incident body fluids can transmit: blood, cerebrospinal fluid... but just consider all fluids as potentially infectious

job classifications with risk of exposure

includes identification of job classifications that have risk of exposure

exposure control plan

outlines the site-specific strategies necessary to eliminate or minimize employee exposure to blood and other body fluids

managing an exposure

plan describes the procedure for the investigation and evaluation of circumstances surrounding exposure incidents in order to quickly provide effective follow-up care to exposed employees the exposure control plan must be a doc that is accessible

housekeeping

proper containent and labeling of potentially infectious materials ensures that these items are handles appropriately can't take laundry home

engineering control

remove/ isolate the hazard put things where they need to go ex: provide appropriate disposal container for needles ex: plexiglass

what is the purpose of the osha bloodborne pathogens standard?

to protect employees by minimizing or eliminating exposure to disease carrying microorganisms that can be found in human blood and body fluids

standard precaution

treat all body fluids as potentially infectious

decontaminating surfaces

use good disinfectant all pails, bins, and similar reusable receptacles should be decontaminated on a regular basis asap after visible contamination is noticed cleanup and decontamination helps reduce future exposures from indirect contact

methods to control exposure

work practice controls + engineering controls help to prevent