BMGT364 Exam 2
Nick's roommate is attending a networking event for his business fraternity this weekend. He says
"Nick, you are so good at going up to someone and starting a conversation. You always seem to know what to do and what to say. You never seem awkward and you can talk to anyone about anything. I want to handle this networking event well—give me some tips." Nick seems to be very, extraverted
Making choices among alternative courses of action including inaction is
DECISION MAKING
As a rule of thumb a good size for a team is between twenty and forty members
FALSE
Charisma is an inherent characteristic so those firms attempting to teach charisma are not making good use of their time or money
FALSE
Decision trees are helpful in avoiding errors due to overconfidence bias
FALSE
Emotional intelligence helps an individual attain the management ranks but once there mental intelligence becomes important
FALSE
Generally speaking the more cohesive a group is the less productive it is because the preservation of individual feelings supersedes any task oriented role
FALSE
Groupthink is the tendency for individuals to put forth less effort when working in a group context
FALSE
Hindsight bias is the opposite of framing bias.
FALSE
In House's path-goal theory the leader's style is viewed as fixed and the environment changes while Fiedler's theory assumes just the opposite
FALSE
Innovation and creativity are the same thing
FALSE
Men leaders are more likely to be task-oriented while women leaders are more likely to be relationally-oriented
FALSE
Task roles in a group include consul cooperator and completer
FALSE
The global leadership and organizational behavior effectiveness project (GLOBE) found thus far that there are no universal traits that are desirable or undesirable in a leader
FALSE
The key properties of a true team are collaborative action sacrifice for the common good and compensation based upon individual outcomes
FALSE
The only trait of the Big 5 personality traits that is related to leadership emergence or leader effectiveness is conscientiousness
FALSE
Three key traits associated with leadership are: integrity conscientiousness and introversion
FALSE
Tomas was excited because Sandi's Bakery was offering buy one-get one free on their tasty eclairs so he bought a dozen. Last week the eclairs were 50% off and he didn't buy any. Tomas experienced
FRAMING BIAS
A group is a cohesive coalition of people working together to achieve mutual goals while a team is a collection of individuals who interact with each other such that one person's actions have an impact on another's
False
Groupthink is characterized by symptoms like questioning the morality of the group
False
Individual decision making produces a greater commitment to the ultimate decision than does group decision making
False
People are always interested in making an optimal decision
False
People in positions of authority are influential in driving people to ethical behaviors but not unethical behaviors.
False
Research suggests that sometimes replacing a hierarchy with self-managing teams decreases control over individual workers
False
Transactional leadership is a more effective form than transformational leadership.
False
Research on Fiedler's Contingency Theory indicates which of the following?
Fiedler's theory is important because it recognizes the importance of the leadership context.
What is the most challenging or difficult step in the rational decision-making process?
Generate alternatives
Which of the following statements is true regarding leadership and culture?
Given the differences between cultures, a sensitivity to those differences and the ability to adapt style to circumstances are needed in global leaders.
NASA endured the Challenger disaster when group members conformed with top managers' decisions that launching the space shuttle in freezing temperatures was better than missing the launch window. This is an example of what group process?
Groupthink
Karli is the designated leader of a class project group. She gets along well with the group members but often is not sure exactly what she should do to assist her group in producing a high-quality project. Which LPC style is best for this scenario?
High LPC
Which of the following statements regarding intelligence is accurate?
People with high mental abilities are more likely to be viewed as leaders in their environment.
An example of a question requiring a strategic decision is
Should we downsize our organization?
Which of the following statements regarding the rational decision-making model is accurate?
Successful managers tend to be clear on what they want at the outset of the decision making process.
Research and hands-on experience have demonstrated that teams are most successful when they determine shared values and goals develop a communication strategy and establish how decisions will be made and by whom which is known as
THE TEAM CONTRACT
Agreeable people who are modest good-natured and avoid conflict are less likely to be perceived as leaders
TRUE
An effective way of dealing with overbearing behavior is to evaluate the balance of participation by team members
TRUE
An example of a nonprogrammed decision is deciding whether to merge with another firm
TRUE
Authentic leaders are self-aware introspective and have thorough understanding of their own values
TRUE
Laissez-faire leaders create high levels of ambiguity about job expectations for their employees and thus lower employee satisfaction
TRUE
One basic question to ask to ascertain the ethics of a decision is: "How would I feel if this decision was broadcast on the news?"
TRUE
One of the pros of group decision making is the potential for greater commitment to the decision
TRUE
The difference between a self-managed and self-directed team is that the leader in the self-managed team has less decision-making responsibility
TRUE
The more diverse a team is with regard to expertise gender age and background the more likely the team is to avoid groupthink.
TRUE
The more similar group members are with regard to age gender education and skill set the more cohesive the group will be
TRUE
The punctuated equilibrium model suggests that groups remain static for long periods of time experiencing only incremental change and radical revolutionary change occurs in brief punctuated bursts that provide opportunity for innovation
TRUE
The rational decision-making process is best used when the decision is important and you are trying to maximize outcomes
TRUE
When team members are found to be poor performers due to a lack of ability the team is likely to try and train the individual
TRUE
Which of the following statements regarding team size and diversity is correct
Teams that believe in the value of diversity perform better than those which do not.
Which of the following statements about the creative decision-making model is accurate?
The dynamic nature of today's organizations including structural changes and cost cutting have driven creativity in the business.
In which of the following situations would a team be needed?
The organization benefits from shared goals.
Which of the following statements regarding Gersick's study of punctuated equilibrium is correct?
The punctuated equilibrium model is cyclical in nature.
A decision rule is an automated response to a problem or issue that occurs frequently
True
Autocratic decision makers make decisions alone without necessarily involving employees in the decision making process.
True
Cliff and Beth both received poor grades on their finance exam. Because of the fundamental attribution error Cliff is more likely to blame his poor test grade on a bad instructor, but blame Beth's poor test grade on Beth's lack of effort studying for the test
True
Having a devil's advocate in meetings is a technique that can help avoid groupthink
True
Research generally supports Fiedler's predictions about when low LPC leadership should be used.
True
The difference between a self-managed and self-directed team is that the leader in the self-managed team has less decision-making responsibility
True
The three factors that evaluate the level of creativity in the decision-making process are fluency flexibility, and originality
True
Virtual teams represent special management challenges because of issues related to trust and communication
True
Paolo is a manager of a department in a small family-run retail department store. He and his subordinates clash over scheduling and other procedural aspects of the job almost daily. While having the title of manager Paolo makes few decisions for the department instead implementing those relayed by his manager. The sales associate position as well as his managerial position do not have specific duties tied to them instead everyone is supposed to do "whatever it takes." According to Fiedler's Contingency theory the situation would best be described as
UNFAVORABLE
In which scenario would directive leadership be most effective?
When employees have an external locus of control.
Which of the following statements regarding Gersick's punctuated equilibrium model is accurate?
While disruption, chaos and conflict are seen as inevitable in a group, those events can represent opportunities for innovation.
Collective efficacy refers to
a group's perception of its ability to perform well.
Antonio Alpha Company's marketing manager will be listening to the advertising pitches from the final four firms today as he chooses the television ad campaign for his product for the fall season. Antonio is making a(n)
a tactical decision
Which of the following is a guideline in determining whether a decision is ethical?
all of the above
Which of the following represents a unique challenge with regard to the management of virtual teams?
all of the above
Emma is ready to buy new tires for her car and she finds a great sale. However after she analyzes the brand of tire she wants for two weeks and whether she needs snow tires too the tires are no longer on sale. Emma lost out on the sale because of
analysis paralysis
The availability of too much information leading to more and more time being spent on gathering information and thinking about it resulting in no decisions being made is,
analysis paralysis
Selecting a new computer based on a low price without analyzing what software warranties and peripherals come with it is an example of
anchoring and adjustment bias
When leaders make decisions alone without involving employees in the decision making process they are using
autocratic decision making.
One barrier to effective teams is
challenges of knowing how to work together.
Which of the following leadership styles best serves a successful group as it has evolved to the performing stage?
coach
A group where there is a great deal of camaraderie is a group experiencing
cohesion
Mike listens carefully to the exchanges between team members during meetings and is particularly adept at using humor to lighten any tense situations that arise between team members because of those exchanges. Mike plays the
communicator role
Three key traits associated with leadership are: integrity
conscientiousness and introversion., False
Bob meets with his subordinates on a regular basis to share concerns and information with the group. He takes their feedback but makes decisions on his own. According to the leadership decision tree Bob has a(n) _____________ decision-making style.
consultative
Sandi's Bakery started selling out of their muffins. Sandi thought that it was because she changed the recipe slightly and now her customer's loved the muffins. (Actually it was because Pablo at ABC Trucking promised to bring muffins for a month if the drivers all made their deliveries on time.) Sandi experienced a(n),
correlation and causality bias.
Escalation of commitment occurs because
decision makers do not want to admit they were wrong.
Making choices among alternative courses of action including inaction, is,
decision making
Social loafing
develops when a perception of inequity in regard to rewards and/or blame arises in a group.
In democratic decision making
employees participate in the making of the decision.
A movie called the "Money Pit" starring Tom Hanks and Shelley Long focused on the couple buying a house and continually having to spend money repairing one part of it after another. A number of times they should have sold the house but they kept thinking that if they did just one more thing the house would be great. This situation is an example of what decision-making trap?
escalation of commitment
Servant leadership has an explicit focus on
ethics
Research shows that there is a connection between which of these personality traits and charisma?
extraversion, conscientiousness, cognitive abilities
Research findings of leader behaviors suggest
extremely high levels of leader task-oriented behaviors may lead to burnout in employees.
Symptoms of too much cohesion include
failures are blamed on external factors.
Servant leaders
feel an obligation to their employees customers and the larger community.
Tomas was excited because Sandi's Bakery was offering buy one-get one free on their tasty eclairs so he bought a dozen. Last week the eclairs were 50% off and he didn't buy any. Tomas experienced,
framing bias.
The more similar group members are with regard to age
gender, education, and skill set, the more cohesive the group will be, True
Agreeable people who are modest
good-natured and avoid conflict are less likely to be perceived as leaders., True
What group-related phenomenon would the critic on a team help to guard against?
groupthink
Jien has the ability to control his emotions in multiple situations and has empathy for others; he is internally motivated and has many admirable social skills. Jien has
high emotional intelligence
Michael's group is very cohesive and very committed to the task at hand. What is their likely performance level?
high performance if they value performance
Martin finds out that his manager has been cheating employees out of pay bonuses. Martin's manager seems to lack
integrity
Which one of the following traits is a tool that transformational leaders use to influence employees and create commitment to the company goals?
intellectual stimulation
The bounded rationality decision-making model
recognizes the limitations of decision making processes by having individuals knowingly limit their options to a manageable set and choose the best alternative without conducting an exhaustive search of alternatives
The creative decision-making process
refers to arriving at decisions after first gathering information about the problem and then setting the problem consciously aside until an insightful solution to the problem arises
Authentic leadership
refers to effective leaders who stay true to themselves
The degree to which a person is at peace with himself and has an overall positive assessment of one's self worth and capabilities is also known as
self esteem
The degree to which a person is at peace with himself and has an overall positive assessment of one's self worth and capabilities is also known as
self-esteem.
Experts propose that creativity occurs as a result of the interaction between all of the following factors EXCEPT
serendipity or luck
Which of the following is a factor most likely to impact a group's cohesion?
size
Being charismatic is
something that can be increased through training.
Jennifer has been very emphatic in her comments supporting the new addition to the product line. Christopher has been equally spirited in his opposition to the new item. Gordon and Antonio seem to be leaning to Jennifer's perspective while Marques supports Christopher. The discussion about the product has consumed the last hour of the meeting of the marketing group. At what stage of Tuckman's model does this group seem to be functioning?
storming
If jobs are boring and repetitive or tasks are stressful the ________ style of leadership is most effective
supportive
A decision which centers on how things get done is a(n)
tactical decision.
One advantage of group decision making over individual decision is
the decision is more creative.
The decision-making process where decisions are arrived at without conscious reasoning arguing that experts make decisions by scanning the environment for cues to recognize patterns is
the intuitive decision-making model
Generally speaking
the more cohesive a group is, the less productive it is because the preservation of individual feelings supersedes any task oriented role, False
The ideal composition of a team should be determined based on
the nature of the team's goal
Jennifer has to decide which of two job offers she is going to choose. She begins her process by listing the key criteria she is looking for in a job including salary level location, promotional opportunities, and so on. She then takes each job offer letter and carefully goes through each line assessing the offer in relationship to the criteria she has established. Jennifer is using which of decision-making model to choose her job?,
the rational decision-making model
The earliest approach to the study of leadership was
the trait approach
Strategic decisions refer to
those setting the course of the organization.
Malcolm is the manager of his department. After performance evaluations he gives those who have met their goals for the year a pay raise. He gives his employees their assignments and leaves them to do their work but does monitor them so that if he notices a potential problem it gets resolved before causing difficulties. What kind of contemporary leadership style is Malcolm demonstrating?
transactional leadership
People-oriented behaviors include
treating employees with respect.
If you dislike working with a person and do not care for them on a personal level either
you would have a low least preferred coworker score.
Which of the following statements regarding power distance and teams is correct?
People in high power distance countries expect unequal power distribution in the social, political and economic areas.
Which of the following statements regarding leadership and ethics is accurate?
People in positions of authority are influential in driving others to ethical or unethical behaviors.
How does a group differ from a team?
A group is often a collection of people working independently on their own goals; a team is assembled to accomplish complex goals.
Which group would be the most effective from a performance standpoint?
A group with high group cohesion and high task commitment.
Which of the following statements is true regarding leader-member exchange relationships?
A problem with a low-quality exchange relationship is that employees may not have access to a positive work environment.
An organizational behavior class has students working in teams. The teams have a final paper due. Maria's group has divided the paper up into sections making each group member responsible for one section. Maria is responsible for integrating all those sections. The group is organizing these tasks by using
pooled interdependence
An organizational behavior class has students working in teams. The teams have a final paper due. Maria's group has divided the paper up into sections making each group member responsible for one section. Maria is responsible for integrating all those sections. The group is organizing these tasks by using
pooled interdependence.
If leader-subordinate relations are poor
position power is high and task structure is high, the situation would be categorized as, medium favorable.
Mark works as the frozen food manager in a major grocery store chain. When his stock of two-pound bags of frozen shrimp gets down to two cases he e-mails his warehouse to send ten cases to restock. The type of decision Mark is making about restocking shrimp is a,
programmed decision
Tuckman's five stage group evolution model asks which of the following questions in the performing stage
Are we using appropriate information on this task?
Which of the following questions might be asked during the norming stage of Tuckman's five-stage group evolution model?
Are we using appropriate means to address differences so that conflicts can be avoided?
Because the ________ role involves gathering information from the larger organization and informing those within the organization about team goals activities and success it is often filled by the team manager
CONSUL
The superintendent of the school district is writing a new mission statement for the district. He is engaged in the _____________ role
CREATOR
Which of the following factors contribute to building high-quality leader-member exchange?
Leader fairness
Which of the following statements is true regarding House's path goal theory of leadership
Leaders can create high performing employees by making sure employee effort leads to performance and that performance is rewarded with desired rewards.
Which of the following statements is true regarding House's path goal theory of leadership?
Leaders can create high performing employees by making sure employee effort leads to performance and that performance is rewarded with desired rewards.
Which of the following statements regarding self-esteem and leadership is accurate?
Leaders with high self esteem support their subordinates more than leaders with lower self esteem.
Nancy argues with Janet over every work project and generally does not want to be assigned to work with her. Yet Nancy thinks Janet is a very nice person and enjoys her company at social outings
Nancy would have a high least preferred coworker score.
Nelson is the manager of a marketing department in a medium sized company. Nelson has six employees reporting to him. In deciding the goals for the department for next quarter
Nelson is holding a meeting for employee input and direction. Nelson uses a(n) _________ style of decision making in the marketing department., democratic
Maria strongly disliked working in groups in college because she always felt there was someone who did not "pull his weight." However now that she is a manager she must organize teams in her firm. Which of the following is a tip to prevent social loafing she has received from other managers in her company?
Define each individual's tasks in front of the group.
Which of these are ways to cultivate psychological safety for a team?
Establish peer support and role clarity
An example of a question requiring an operational decision in response is:
How often do I go back to the stockroom to get additional products for display?
Marina is encouraging her sorority sisters to function as a cohesive group. She lists all of the following as benefits EXCEPT
If you are part of the sorority, you do not have to attend meetings and events often because you can depend on your sisters to cover for you.
Which of the following is a true statement about leader-member exchange (LMX) theory?
In high LMX relationships the leader has a trust-based relationship with the member.
Servant leadership
is a leadership approach that defines the leader's role as serving the needs of others.
Outcome interdependence
is when the rewards that an individual receives depend on the performance of others.
The leadership decision tree
leads to the determination of how much involvement leaders should seek in making decisions.
Which of these is NOT a characteristic of a humble leader?
likes being noticed
Which of stage in Tuckman's group development model is characterized by the establishment of ground rules and operating procedures and goals by group participants?
norming